the big picture about environmental management systems department of management sciences bzu lahore...
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The Big Picture About Environmental Management
Systems
Department of Management Sciences
BZU Lahore Campus
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
What is a System?
Set of interacting elements that form a whole “regularly interacting or interdependent groups
of items forming a unified whole towards the achievement of a goal”
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
What is an EMS?– Part of overall management structure
Purpose of EMS– Address immediate & long-term environmental impacts
Why have an EMS?– Provide order and consistency in methods
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
EPA View of EMS Purpose
System wide approach to environmental management – Incorporates environmental considerations into daily
organization decisions– Provides a framework to continually improve
environmental performance
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Defacto EMS
Environmental control processes exist, but– No integrated understanding of the processes– No understanding of total costs– Incomplete picture of potential liability– Accountability and responsibility unclear– Decisions are not integrated
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Why an EMS at a College / University?
Engage the entire campusEnvironment is overlapping concern for
– Teaching– Research – Service
Integration of processes with the EMS
Why an EMS at a College / University?
SERVICE
TEACHINGEMS
Implementation
RESEARCH
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Structured EMS
Integrate EMS into Day-to-Day Decisions:1. Practical, usable, and useful2. Cost effective3. Supportive of other systems;4. Encourage continuous improvement5. Include 5 major components:
a. Policy settingb. Planningc. Implementation and operationd. Checking and corrective actione. Management review
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
ISO 14001
Structured, internationally recognized standard ISO 14001
– “enables an organization to establish, and assess the effectiveness of, procedures to set an environmental policy and objectives, achieve conformance with them, and demonstrate such conformance to others. The overall aim … is to support environmental protection and prevention of litter in balance with socioeconomic needs.” ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi
ISO 14001 EMS Model ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi i
Environmental policy
Planning
Implementation and operation
Continual Improvement
Management review
Checking and corrective action
EMS Implementation Phases(Stapleton, Philip J., Margaret A. Glover, and S. Petie Davis, 2nd edition, Environmental Management Systems: An Implementation Guide for Small and Medium-Sized Organizations, NSF 2001, www.nsf-isr.org, 6/25/02, p. 12.)
PHASE DESCRIPTION
Define Goals Clearly state why an EMS is being developed. To comply with regulations? To improve environmental performance? To prevent pollution? To reduce potential liability?
Top Management Support .
To gain top management support, management must understand the benefits of an EMS and agree with the goals. Support is necessary to obtain resources.
Structure EMS project must have a leader, with authority and skills.
Implementation Team
Representatives from key areas to ensure ownership.
EMS Implementation Phases (Stapleton, Philip J., Margaret A. Glover, and S. Petie Davis, 2nd edition, Environmental Management Systems: An Implementation Guide for Small and Medium-Sized Organizations, NSF 2001, www.nsf-isr.org, 6/25/02, p. 12.)
PHASE DESCRIPTION
Preliminary Review
What is current compliance effort? What portions of EMS are in place? What are key environmental aspects and how effectively are they being addressed.
Budget and Schedule . .
Use preliminary review to develop budget and schedule. Identify key activities to be performed and resources needed for these.
Resource Approval
Ensure top management authorizes allocation of all key resources
Progress
Involve everyone in sharing progress through communication.
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Barriers to Implementing Formal EMS
Rejection of needWe are different / uniqueToo difficult to doNot enough timePolicy Resistance
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Policy Resistance(Sterman: Business Dynamics Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World, McGraw-Hill, 2001)
Policy resistance is“the tendency for interventions to be delayed, diluted, or defeated by the response of the system to the intervention itself (Meadows, 1982)” (p. 5)
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Improvement Paradox(Repenning and Sterman, Nobody Ever Gets Credit for Fixing Problems that Never Happened, California Management Review, 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)
Easy to learn new techniques– Quality techniques
Difficult to implement innovations into organization
– Complex systems cannot be bought, they must be developed
– Interaction of program with physical, economic, social and psychological structures
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Improvement Lag(Repenning and Sterman, California Management Review, 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)
Improvement requires time Lag is a function of technical and
organizational complexity Simple processes have 2 to 3 month delay Complex processes have multi-year delays Capability improvements decline
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
The Structure of Improvement(Repenning and Sterman, California Management Review, 43 (4), Summer 2001, 64-88)
Performance depends on 2 factors:– Time spent working– Capability of process to perform work
Performance improvement happens when– Additional work is done, or– Process is improved
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Leaders’ Role
Provide ResourcesShow how change
– matches who we are and – what we do
SACS & ISO 14001 Process
Basic Structure
Implementation
Internal Review
External Review
ISO 14001
•Assigned by MGT
•Documentation
•Internal Audit
•Auditor
ISO 14001 OverviewANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996
4 EMS requirements4.1 General 4.2 Environmental policy
4.3Planning4.3.1 Environmental Aspects4.3.2 Legal Requirements4.3.3 Objectives and Targets4.3.4 Establishing Programs
4.4 Implementation and Operation4.4.1 Responsibilities4.4.2 Training4.4.3 Communication4.4.4 Environmental Management System Documentation4.4.5 Document Control4.4.6 Operational Control4.4.7 Emergency Preparedness and Response
4.6 Management Review
4.5 Checking and Corrective Action4.5.1 Monitoring and control4.5.2 Non-Conformance and corrective and preventive action4.5.3 Records4.5.4 EMS Audits
Environmental Management System Requirements(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.2 Environmental policyTop management shall define the organization’s environmental policy and
ensure that ita) is appropriate to the nature, scale and environmental impacts of its
activities, products or services;b) includes a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of
pollution;c) includes a commitment to comply with relevant environmental
legislation and regulations, and with other requirements to which the organization subscribes;
d) provides the framework for setting and reviewing environmental objectives and targets;
e) is documented, implemented and maintained and communicated to all employees;
f) is available to the public
EMS Implementation Checklist
4.2 Environmental policy
RequirementsConformity
Y N N/A1. Has the organization defined and documented its environmental policy?
1. Is the environmental policy based on:
Significant environmental aspects?
Corporate policy?
1. Is the policy appropriate to the organization's activities and their potential environmental impacts?
1. Does the policy include commitments to:
Continual improvement
Prevention of pollution
Comply with environmental legislation and other requirements to which the company subscribes
1. Does the policy provide a framework for setting environmental objectives and targets?
1. Is the policy documented, implemented, maintained and communicated to all persons working for or on behalf of the organisation?
1. Is the policy available to the public?
EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.3 Planning4.3.1 Environmental aspectsThe organization shall establish and maintain (a) procedure(s) to identify the environmental aspects of its activities, products or services that it can control and over which it can be expected to have an influence, in order to determine those which have or can have significant impacts on the environment. The organization shall ensure that the aspects related to these significant impacts are considered in setting its environmental objectives.
The organization shall keep this information up-to-date.
4.3.2 Legal and other requirementsThe organization shall establish and maintain a procedure to identify and have access to legal, and other requirements to which the organization subscribes, that are applicable to the environmental aspects of its activities, products or services.
EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.3.3 Objectives and TargetsThe organization shall establish and maintain documented environmental objectives and targets, at each relevant function and level within the organization.
When establishing and reviewing its objectives, an organization shall consider the legal and other requirements, its significant environmental aspects, its technological options and its financial, operational and business requirements, and the views of interested parties.
The objectives and targets shall be consistent with the environmental policy, including the commitment to prevention of pollution.
EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.3.4 Environmental management programme(s)
The organization shall establish and maintain (a) programme(s) for achieving its objectives and targets. It shall include:a) Designation of responsibility for achieving objectives and targets at each relevant function and level of the organization;b) The means and timeframe by which they are to be achieved
If a project relates to new developments and new or modified activities, products or services, programme(s) shall be amended where relevant to ensure that environmental management applies to such projects.
Planning
ISO 14001 EMS Model ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi i
Environmental policy
Continual Improvement
Management review
Checking and corrective action
Implementation and operation
EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4. 4 Implementation and operation4.4.1 Structure and ResponsibilityRoles, responsibility and authorities shall be defined, documented and
communicated in order to facilitate effective environmental management.
Management shall provide resources essential to the implementation and control of the environmental management system. Resources include human resources and specialized skills, technology and financial resources.
The organization’s top management shall appoint (a) specific management representative(s) who, irrespective of other responsibilities, shall have defined roles, responsibilities and authority for
a) Ensuring that environmental management system requirements are established, implemented and maintained in accordance with this standard;
b) Reporting on the performance of the environmental management system to top management for review and as a basis for improvement of the environmental management system.
EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.4.2 Training, awareness and competenceThe organization shall identify training needs. It shall require that all personnel
whose work may create a significant impact upon the environment, have received appropriate training.
It shall establish and maintain procedures to make its employees or members at each relevant function and level aware of
a) The importance of conformance with the environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the environmental management system;
b) The significant environmental impacts, actual or potential, of their work activities and the environmental benefits of improved personal performance;
c) Their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance with the environmental policy and procedures and with the requirements of the environmental management system including emergency preparedness and response requirements;
d) The potential consequences of departure from specified operating procedures.
Personnel performing the tasks which can cause significant environmental impacts shall be competent on the basis for appropriate education, training and/or experience.
EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.4.3 Communication
With regard to its environmental aspects and environmental management system, the organization shall establish and maintain procedures for
a) internal communication between the various levels and functions of the organization;
b) receiving, documenting and responding to relevant communication from external interested parties.
The organization shall consider processes for external communication on its significant environmental aspects and record its decision.
4.0 EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.4.4 Environmental management system documentation
The organization shall establish and maintain information, in paper or electronic form, to
a) Describe the core elements of the management system and their interaction;
b) Provide direction to related documentation.
4.0 EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.4.5 Document ControlThe organization shall establish and maintain procedures for controlling all documents required ……….……….
4.4.6 Operational ControlThe organization shall identify those operations and activities that are associated with the identified significant environmental aspects in line with its policy, objectives and targets. The organization shall plan these activities, including maintenance, in order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions by ……….
……….
Planning
ISO 14001 EMS Model ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi i
Environmental policy
Continual Improvement
Management review
Checking and corrective action
Implementation and operation
4.0 EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.5 Checking and corrective action 4.5.1 Monitoring and measurement4.5.2 Non-conformance and corrective and preventive action4.5.3 Records4.5.4 Environmental management system auditThe organization shall establish and maintain (a) programme(s) and procedures for periodic environmental management system audits to be carried out, in order toa)Determine whether or not the environmental management system 1) conforms to planned arrangements for environmental management including the requirements of this standard; 2) has been properly implemented and maintained;b)Provide information on the results of audits to management.
The audit programme, including any schedule, shall be based on the environmental importance of the activity concerned and the results of previous audits. In order to be comprehensive, the audit procedures shall cover the audit scope, frequency and methodologies, as well as the responsibilities and requirements for conducting audits and reporting results.
Planning
ISO 14001 EMS Model ANSI/ISO 14001-1996, vi i
Environmental policy
Continual Improvement
Management review
Checking and corrective action
Implementation and operation
4.0 EMS Requirements (continued)(ANSI/ISO 14001 - 1996)
4.6 Management review The organization’s top management shall, at intervals it determines, review the environmental management system, to ensure its continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. The management review process shall ensure that the necessary information is collected to allow management to carry out this evaluation. This review shall be documented.
The management review shall address the possible need for changes to policy, objectives and other elements of the environmental management system, in the light of environmental management system audit results, changing circumstances and the commitment to continual improvement.
Sustainable Universities Initiative (SUI) -- Compliance Workshop
Web Resources
http://www.epa.gov http://www.epa.gov/ems/info/addition.htm
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