technical debt.pptx
Post on 12-Aug-2015
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1. What is Technical Debt? 2. Metaphor 3. How to identify?
4. Sources 5. Is it bad? 6. Why care?7. How to deal?
8. Summary.
Agenda
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Performance, Scalability, Security, Stability
External qualities can be termed also as an features.
External Quality
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Internal Quality• Test Coverage
• Architecture Design
• Coding Standards
• Automation
• Pluggable
• Modular
External qualities.
● External qualities can be related to features.● External qualities deliver business values● External qualities can be sponsored
Stakeholder
Internal qualities.
● Internal qualities does not relates to features.● External qualities does not deliver business values
Stakeholder
Learning of the millennium
Although messy code or code without tests works perfectly for
customers if it delivers the desired business value.
● Uncontrollable code base● Inflexible software product● Risk of development
Ignoring internal qualities means.
● Uncontrollable code base● Inflexible software product
And list goes on ….
Ignoring internal qualities means.
Ward Cunningham used the metaphor ‘Technical Debt’ for the first time in 1992 to communicate this problem with non-technical stakeholders.
“Code with low quality and no automatic test coverage can be compared with financial debt.”
● Principal: The cost of refactoring the codebase to a clean design, which allows easy future changes.
● Interest : Extra costs, which have to be paid in the future if the team has to work with a messy codebase.
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To explain non-technical stakeholders in the financial term
To communicate the problem of poor quality that might otherwise go unnoticed until it is too late
A sufficient amount of messy code may bring a whole engineering department to a stand-still.
Technical Debt metaphor is good for
● Why should business sponsor spend money on the features that don’t deliver business value?
● Why should the business sponsors accept a project of higher cost?
Indicators
“This is Karl’s Code. Don’t touch it” “I think last added feature, introduced the new bug, I am dealing”
“I wrote this last week, Let’s copy that code” “Does anyone know, how to setup workspace”
“Deployment takes more than 2 hours. Just wait for next Monday”
“TODO/FIXME: This should be fixed before next release”
“This library is outdated. We don’t have time to upgrade now”
“I am pretty sure, If I touch it will break somewhere else”
“Lets finish the testing by next release” “Does anyone knows where we store the password?”
Development Team Maintenance Team
Imagine a credit card where you entitled to buy but not to pay the bills.
● Include it or there won’t be release.● Code won’t be read/change often.● Less important.● Demo/Pitch.
Minimal Viable Product(MVP)
Teams with plenty of time also makes Technical Debt.
Realization is at the end.
It’s too late!!!
Martin Fowler
"Now we know how we should have done it"?
Technical debt is a strategy.
Quickly reach to the business goal and to the market, and see if the functionality is useful at all.
Ward Cunningham
Spotify see a perfect code as a waste, if we don't know the functionality we
create is really really useful.
Spotify come up with a functionality very quickly to the user and they
refactor to make it nice.
Spotify Engineering
Eric Evans(Domain Driven Design)
You cannot have same quality throughout the system
There will be always Technical Debt
Less important implementation may not need any refactoring
Eric Ries(Lean Startup)
“I was always happy to write perfect code but at the end no one used it.”
Build quickly and bring in front of user.
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Technical Debt is really Bad???
Yield of investment by entering into the market is very big than the principal and interest amount.
Technical Debt might give an advantage of an early release and profit the organization more than it costs to pay back the debt.
Amazon was a behemoth application once upon a time.
Twitter was built on Ruby on Rails, now it’s all messaging queues.
● Engineering Practices
○ TDD
○ Pair Programming
○ Continuous Integration
○ Automation
● Hiring
○ Poor hiring
○ Poor retention
● Tools
Technical debt is organization problem (Organizational Debt)
● Buffer Task : 10% of the available time.
● Quality Releases: Technical release focused on quality improvements.
● Cost: Include cost for Technical debt in requirement estimations.
● Prioritization:
○ Technical Debt Backlog
○ Technical Debt Items
Fix development process
● Developer knows quality issues.
● They have to work on
○ Getting Domain Knowledge.
○ Sell Technical Debt to business decision makers.
Developers... “Build the Trust.”
Summary● Technical debt is a metaphor that describes a very real
phenomenon.● Technical debt comes in variety of the forms.● Lower maintenance cost
○ Avoiding interest payments.● Increase productivity
○ Better prioritization● Avoid Surprises
○ Fewer failures○ Better estimation
4 times in the last 5 years.
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Our offices.
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Creative assets
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Measurement of success
Future enhancements
Plan & research
Our process.
About us.
We help companies builddigitally driven businesses.
Our Stats.
$16 billion per year.400 million people per month.
Strategy.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit.
Unmet user need.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Real marketing challenge. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
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True brand capability. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
If a thought needs more clarification, use an extra sentence or two.
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This is your team.Ice Cube – Managing Director
MC Ren – Director Content Strategy
Eazy E – VP Strategy
DJ Yella – Director User Experience
Arabian Prince – Creative Director
Dr. Dre – VP Technology
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• Then it could be followed up by a few points.
• That are even bulleted for fun.
• Also for pulling out great contextual points.
If a thought needs more clarification, use an extra sentence or two.
96
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If a thought needs more clarification, use an extra sentence or two.
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Results
150%Increase in monthly Facebook
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216%Increase in monthly Facebook virality.
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216%Increase in monthly Facebook virality.
Results
This is a table with rows.
Objective KPI Features
Laugh a lot and then get drunk.
Hiccups • Something here• Something here
Run around in the sprinkler. Speed • Something here• Something here
Shoot each other with water guns
Load time • Something here• Something here
Make new friends Friend requests on Facebook • Something here
Objective KPI Features
Laugh a lot and then get drunk.
Hiccups • Something here• Something here
Run around in the sprinkler. Speed • Something here• Something here
Shoot each other with water guns
Load time • Something here• Something here
Make new friends Friend requests on Facebook • Something here
Ladidah Falala • Here you go
Bold
Classic
Fearless
Authentic
Edgy
Impactful
Smart
Subversive
High-quality
Accessible
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Oranges.Apples.
Orange
Pulp
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Unexpected
Clever
Oranges.
Red
Crunchy
Distinctive
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Unexpected
Clever
Apples.
Yellow
Delicious
Sophisticated
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Unexpected
Clever
Bananas.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Oranges.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Apples.
Yellow
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Bananas.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Grapes.
Purple
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Plums.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Pears.
Bold
Classic
Fearless
Authentic
Edgy
Impactful
Smart
Fearless
Authentic
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Fearless
Authentic
Oranges.Apples.
This is a table with a header.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Oranges.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Apples.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Bananas.
This is a table with a header.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Oranges.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Apples.
Yellow
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Bananas.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Pears.
Calm
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Plums.
Yellow
Distinctive
Juicy
Innovative
Unexpected
Grapes.
This is a table with a header.
Bold
Provocative
Fearless
Authentic
Edgy
Impactful
Smart
Subversive
High-quality
Accessible
Calm
Distinctive
Edgy
Innovative
Unexpected
Clever
Smart
Irreverent
A leader
Thought-provoking
Brand YBrand X.
A couple photos and copy.Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Curabitur consectetur elit a nulla egestas, quis ullamcorper mi suscipit. Donec convallis tortor a iaculis lacinia. Maecenas quis massa tortor. Duis pretium rutrum tellus, ac fringilla metus. Nulla facilisi. consectetur adipiscing elit. Curabitur consectetur elit a nulla egestas, quis ullamcorper mi suscipit. Donec convalli.
• This guy has done this.
• And also he did something else
• And there was another time that he did this really cool thing.
This is your team.Ice Cube – Managing Director
MC Ren – Director Content Strategy
Eazy E – VP Strategy
DJ Yella – Director User Experience
Arabian Prince – Creative Director
Dr. Dre – VP Technology
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• She has done this
• And also she did something else
• And there was another time that she did this really cool thing
A persona.
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• This page is good for this
• And a feature is this
• We could also talk about some other features here
The home page.
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Make your copy work harder.• Use concise language. The template works best with short text.
• Headlines should make a point; not just describe the page content.
• We use sentence case, not title case.
• Use punctuation & ampersands: they look cool.
• We only use 2 fonts. Huge AVG Bold & Copernicus. Character spacing should be tight for AVG and normal for Copernicus.
• Do not change the type size in the text boxes.
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Make it beautiful.• Less is better: white space, simplicity, and clean imagery rule.
• Mix up the background color to avoid deck fatigue.
• Use the .jpg art templates to place art.
• Don’t change the device art – place screens within the devices.
• Make sure styles do not change with copy & paste.
• We work at a design agency; if you think your deck is not as beautiful as it should be ask a designer for help.
When there are too many icons drop the circle and keep it clean.
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