teaching sustainability (2010)

Teaching > SustainabilityNathan Shedroff2010

Thursday, August 26, 2010

Teaching > Sustainability“If you’re not part of the problem, you can’t be a part of the solution” —a friend of Adam Kahane

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

DESIGN

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

DESIGN

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

DESIGN

“DESIGN THINKING”INTEGRATIVE THINKING”----

DESIGN PROCESS--------

MARKET ECONOMICS“NEW BUSINESS:”

LEADERSHIP & COLLABORATIONENTREPRENEURSHIPSERVICE-ORIENTED

SYSTEMS THINKING ECO/ENV ECONOMICS STAKEHOLDER ENG.

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

EXPERIENCE

DESIGN

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

EXPERIENCE

MEANING

DESIGN

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

SYSTEMS

SERVICES

DESIGN

SUSTAINABILITY

FINANCIAL

SOCIAL

ECOLOGICAL

SUSTAINABILITY

FINANCIAL

SOCIAL

ECOLOGICAL

SUSTAINABILITY

CULTURAL

Challenges

Which is better?

Model of Sustainability:Principles

Frameworks (models)Tools

Strategies

Principles Frameworks Tools Strategies

Systems Thinking

• Parts & Wholes• Stocks & Flows• Centralization & Decentralization• Competition & Cooperation• Diversity = Resiliency

Systems ThinkingMulti-stakeholder Engagement

Systems ThinkingMulti-stakeholder EngagementMulti-disciplinary Teamwork

Systems ThinkingMulti-stakeholder EngagementMulti-disciplinary TeamworkService/value-oriented

Systems ThinkingMulti-stakeholder EngagementMulti-disciplinary TeamworkService/value-orientedCustomer/user-oriented

Cradle to CradleThe Natural Step™Natural CapitalismLiving PrinciplesHolistic Management

ENVIRONMENT

SOCIETY

MARKET(S)

Natural CapitalismThe Natural Step™Cradle to CradleLiving PrinciplesHolistic Management

CULTURE(S)

LCA (Life Cycle Assessment)Total Beauty™Biomimicry (Design Spiral)SROI/SIASustainability HelixBlended ValueIntegrated Bottom LineLASER ManualFootprint Calculators (water, carbon, etc.)Stakeholder AnalysisSA 8000CSR

ISO 50001SOS (Blackburn)Wheel of ChangeCity Climate Protection ManualMetrics (GDP, GPI, GNH, GRI, SRI)LEEDFASB redefinition of ProfitSCOREFactor 4 and Factor 10SHINGOSIGMA

Life Cycle Assessment

Total Beauty™

CyclicSolarSafeEfficientSocial

Biomimicry Design Spiral

Distill the design function• Don’t ask “What do you want to design?”• Instead, ask “What do you want your design to do?”• Keep asking “Why do you want your design to do that?”

Translate to biology• Identify the functions• Ask “How does Nature do that

function?”• Reframe the questions• Define habitat conditions that

reflect design parameters• Translate Life’s Principles into

design parameters

Discover natural models• Go outside• Consider both literal and metaphorical models• Comb the literature• Brainstorm with biologists• Create a taxonomy of Life’s strategies

Emulate Nature’sstrategies• Brainstorm multiple

solutions• Refer back to the Discover

phase and consider chimeradesigns

• Consult with biological experts• Go back to your model and explore

more strategies

Evaluate your design againstLife’s principles• Can your design adapt and evolve?• Does your design create

conditions conducive to Life?• How can you improve your

design?

Sustainability Helix

Stage 0:Unsustainable

“Business as Usual”Stage 1:

ExplorationStage 2:

ExperimentationStage 3:

LeadershipStage 4:

Restoration

High degree of organizational alignment

Stakeholders & CommunitiesGovernance and ManagementOperations and FacilitiesDesign and Process Innovation

Human Resources and Corporate CultureMarketing and CommunicationsPartnerships and Stakeholder Engagement

These are the major strategies:Reduce• Design for Use (Usability & Meaning)• Dematerialization (Materials, Energy & Transportation)• Substitution (Materials & Energy)• Localization• Transmaterialization• Informationalization

ReuseRecycleRestore

iPhone

ReuseRecycleRestore

Herman Miller Mirra Chair

ReuseRecycleRestore

Interface Carpet Tiles

ReuseRecycleRestore

Zip Cars

ReuseRecycleRestore

iTunes Music Store

ReuseRecycleRestore

Architecture for HumanityOpen Architecture Network

These are the major strategies:ReduceReuse• Design for Durability• Design for Reuse

RecycleRestore

Dyson Vacuum

RecycleRestore

Artecnica tranSglass Vases

RecycleRestore

Maille condiments

These are the major strategies:ReduceReuseRecycle• Design for Disassembly• Close the Loop• Design for Effectiveness

Restore

Dyson Vacuum

Restore

Kalundborg, Denmark

NovoNordisk A/S

LakeTissø Kemira

FishFarms

Statoil A/SRefinery

SeaWater

AalborgPortland A/S

& RoadPaving

Crude Oil

Sludge FishWaste

FuelGas

GypsumCondensate

Yeast Slurry

Fly Ash

TreatedWater

Sulfur

Fertilizer

Sludge

NoverenI/S

Liquid FertilizerMisc. WasteCombustibleWaste

NovozymesA/S

City ofKalundborg

Glass,Metal, &Paper forRecycling

Misc. Waste

TreatedWater

Compost

ASNÆSPowerStation

BPBGYPROC

BiotekniskNordrens

Solirem A/S

Restore

Rickshaw Zero bag

These are the major strategies:ReduceReuseRecycleRestore

Alpine pennycress(Thalaspi caerulescens)

Accumulates cadmium and zinc

Pedagogy

Sustainability must be a core program theme & value...

in every course...... this isn’t optional

Learn by doing 1:Evaluation Project

Barbie Autopsy:

46.0% Silicone (57.5 grams)28.4% ABS (35.5 grams)13.0% RM PVC (18.9 grams) 9.0% IM PVC (10.7 grams) 1.3% Saran/PVDC (2 grams).005% Water-based paint

Plus Accessories + PVC, Polyester, Cardboard, Dyes (64.9 grams)

Barbie Autopsy: Ingrid Dragotta, Jennifer Pechacek

Learn by doing 2:Solution Project

Challenge students to“move the needle”

Big Idea/ Panoramic Afternot if.. or when... but how (beth)

Bike'Topia: Adam Dole, Beth Berrean, Henry Liu, Jason Hui, Sara Kozlowski, Ayano Hattori

Big Idea/ Panoramic Afternot if.. or when... but how (beth)

Play Bank: Tim Bishop, Ingrid Dragotta, Jennifer Pechacek, Nicole Trautsch

Small Steps: Erin Jacobs, Erica Meade, Kathryn Hautanen, Kate Ranson-Walsh

BLVD: Jason Linder, Neil Straghalis, Kurt McCulloch, Anna Acquistapace, Danielle Zimmerman

Sustainable Shipping: Christie Wang, Samantha Wong, Susan Huang, Mon Vorratnchaiphan

Experience(Sustainability)

Experience(Design)

Resources

BUSINESS

DESIGN

PrinciplesFrameworksToolsDesign Strategies:• Design for Use (Usability & Meaning)• Dematerialization (Materials, Energy & Transportation)• Substitution (Materials & Energy)• Localization• Transmaterialization• Informationalization• Design for Durability• Design for Reuse• Design for Disassembly• Close the Loop• Design for Effectiveness• Design for Systems

REDUCE

RECYCLE

RESTORE

Systems Strategy Model:

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

DESIGNPrinciples:Systems ThinkingUser-Centered focus:

User/Design Research(Stakeholder Research)Participatory Design

Experience ModelMeaning Model

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

DESIGNPrinciplesFrameworks:Genius DesignWaterfall ModelSpiral ModelExtreme ProgrammingSkunkworksUser-CentricActivity-CentricHybrid ModelsStrategic Innovation

SUSTAINABILITY

BUSINESS

DESIGNPrinciples

Tools:Deep DivePrototypingIterationNeed-FindingEthnographic TechniquesCritiqueParticipatory DesignIDEO Human-Centered Design Toolkit, etc.

SUSTAINABILITYDESIGN

“NEW” BUSINESSPrinciples:Systems ThinkingMultidisciplinary TeamworkService to Users/CustomersMulti-stakeholder EngagementService Culture (throughout org)

“NEW” BUSINESSPrinciples:Frameworks:Market CapitalismNeo-classical EconomicsCreative Destruction (Schumpeter)Social Entrepreneurship

Principles

Tools:Total Quality ManagementSix SigmaStage GateSWOTDoblin Value ModelSocially Responsible InvestmentTaxes, Levies, Tariffs, etc.Metrics: ROI, NPV, IRR, GNP, etc.

“NEW” BUSINESS

Systems ThinkingCustomer Experience-Centered

Multidisciplinary TeamworkMulti-stakeholder Engagement

Service-centered Natural CapitalismThe Natural Step™Cradle to CradleThe Living Principles

Sustainability HelixTNS Resource FunnelBiomimicry SpiralLCA, etc. Dematerialization,

D4Disassembly, Localization, Substitution, D4Systems,etc.

PRINCIPLESFRAMEWORKS

TOOLSSTRATEGIES

Service-centered Natural CapitalismThe Natural Step™Cradle to Cradle

Market CapitalismPorterValue Chain“Free Market”

BUSINESS

User/Design ResearchExperience ModelMeaning ModelPrototypingCritiqueIterationIDEO HCD Toolkit

Sustainability HelixTNS Resource FunnelBiomimicry SpiralLCA, etc.

ROI, NPV/IRR,GDP, SWOT, Stage GateMarket ResearchDoblin Value ModelPositioningSegmentation...

Dematerialization, D4Disassembly, Localization, Substitution, D4Systems,etc.

Genius DesignParticipatory DesignCollaborative Design

TOOLSSTRATEGIES

Service-centered Natural CapitalismThe Natural Step™Cradle to Cradle

Market CapitalismPorterValue Chain“Free Market”

DemocracySocialismTotalitarianismSocial Contract

BUSINESS

User/Design ResearchExperience ModelMeaning ModelPrototypingCritiqueIterationIDEO HCD Toolkit

Sustainability HelixTNS Resource FunnelBiomimicry SpiralLCA, etc.

ROI, NPV/IRR,GDP, SWOT, Stage GateMarket ResearchDoblin Value ModelPositioningSegmentation...

VotingPolicyBillsRegulationPropoganda

Dematerialization, D4Disassembly, Localization, Substitution, D4Systems,etc.

Genius DesignParticipatory DesignCollaborative Design

Waterfall ModelSpiral/Agile ModelHybrid Models

Charity ModelSocial EntrepreneurshipSocial Profit

TOOLSSTRATEGIES

Open Source Curriculum

nathan.com/thoughts

What’s next?

Consumerism is a Fail

MeaningMEANINGVALUESEMOTIONSPRICEFEATURES

Are art and design schools sustainable (financially or otherwise)?

Thank you

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