systems ailments
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Jerlyn P. Aries Gr.9 - Altair
Osteoporosis
Currently it is estimated
that over 200 million
people worldwide suffer
from this disease1.
Approximately 30% of all
postmenopausal women
have osteoporosis in the
United States and in
Europe.
There is no single
cause of
osteoporosis but
there are many risk
factors. These
include:
1.Older age (>50
years)
2.Female gender
3.Thin build
4.Physical inactivity
5.Family history of
osteoporosis
There are usually
no symptoms of
osteoporosis until
a bone breaks. For
this reason it is
often referred to
as a "silent
disease".
Unfortunately,
many people do not
know they have
osteoporosis until
they experience
a broken bone.
Treatment most
commonly involves
lifestyle changes and
medications and aims to
maximise bone density
and reduce the risk of
bone fracture.
Tendinitis
Among the 30,074
respondents (statistically
weighted population of
127 million) who had
worked anytime during the
previous 12 months, 0.46%
(95% CI: 0.36, 0.56)
reported that they
experienced a "prolonged"
hand discomfort which
was called tendinitis
The condition is
commonly caused
by repetition of a
particular
movement over
time. It can also be
caused by a sudden
injury.
Pain - if the
affected area is
moved the pain
worsens
A feeling that the
tendon is crackling
or grating as it
moves. This
sensation is more
common on
examination.
Swelling in a region
of micro damage or
partial tear can be
detected visually or
by touch.
Rest, heat and cold, pain
relievers, and physical
therapy
Hu
man
Organ
System Prevalence Statistics TreatmentDisease/Disorder
Contagious/
Non-
contagious
Causes Symptoms Detection
Skeletal System
Mu
scular system
No
n- C
on
tagiou
s N
on
- Co
ntagio
us
Jerlyn P. Aries Gr.9 - Altair
Hypoglycemia
In 2013, according to
International Diabetes
Federation, an estimated
381 million people had
diabetes
Hypoglycemia
occurs when your
blood sugar
(glucose) level falls
too low.
Confusion,
Dizziness, Hunger,
Headaches,
Irritability and pale
skin
Hypoglycemia
occurs from a
relative excess of
insulin in the blood
and results in low
blood glucose
levels.
Patients should avoid
simple sugars, increase
the frequency of their
meals, and reduce the
size of their meals.
Patients may require 6
small meals and 2-3
snacks per day.
Cirrhosis
It is estimated that there
may be 10,000,000 people
with cirrhosis in the US,
~3% of the population.
Cirrhosis is caused
by scar tissue that
forms in your liver in
response to damage
occurring over many
years
tiredness and
weakness, loss of
appetite, weight
loss and muscle
wasting, feeling
sick (nausea) and
vomiting and
tenderness or pain
around the liver
area.
Ultrasonography,
CT and MRI
Treatment involves
lifestyle changes,
medicines, and regular
doctor visits. In some
cases, you may need
surgery for treatment of
complications from
cirrhosis.
Symptoms Detection Treatment
Hu
man
Organ
System Disease/Disorder
Contagious/
Non-
contagious
Prevalence Statistics Causes
End
ocrin
e System
Digestive System
No
n- C
on
tagiou
s N
on
- Co
ntagio
us
Jerlyn P. Aries Gr.9 - Altair
Human Organ
SystemDisease/Disorder
Contagious/
Non-
contagious
Prevalence Statistics Causes Symptoms Detection Treatment
Pneumoconiosis
During October 1, 1995--
September 30, 2002,
CWXSP and MCP received
35,983 readable chest
films for 31,179 miners at
1,439 mines in 23 states.
The crude prevalence of
CWP among all examinees
was 2.8% (862 cases), and
the corresponding
prevalence of PMF was
0.2% (62 cases).
Pneumoconiosis is a
lung condition that
is caused by inhaling
particles of mineral
dust, usually while
working in a high-
risk, mineral-related
industry
Cough, wheezing
and shortness of
breath.
Digital chest
radiograph
There is no specific
treatment for
pneumoconiosis other
than the treatment of
the complications that
the disorder might cause.
Resp
iratory System
No
n- C
on
tagiou
s
Jerlyn P. Aries Gr.9 - Altair
Human Organ
SystemDisease/Disorder
Contagious/
Non-
contagious
Prevalence Statistics Causes Symptoms Detection Treatment
Varicocele
Urethritis
Urethritis is a common
condition, accounting for
several million clinic visits
annually in the US. Non-
gonococcal urethritis
(NGU) from chlamydia is
four times as common as
gonococcal urethritis
(GU).
Most episodes of
urethritis are caused
by infection by
bacteria that enter
the urethra from
the skin around the
urethra's opening.
Feeling the
frequent or urgent
need to urinate
and difficulty
starting urination
Trichomonas
vaginalis infection in
men is an important
cause of
nongonococcal
urethritis. Effective
detection of the
parasite in men
using culture
requires
examination of
multiple specimens
Antibiotics can
successfully cure
urethritis caused by
bacteria
Varicocele treatment
may not be necessary.
However, if your
varicocele causes pain,
testicular atrophy or
infertility or if you are
considering assisted
reproductive techniques,
you may want to
undergo varicocele
repair.
The 42% prevalence of
varicoceles in our elderly
population was greater
than that for historic
control younger
populations, suggesting
either an increase with age
or examiner sensitivity
bias.
Varicoceles often
form during
puberty. Varicoceles
usually occur on the
left side, most likely
because of the
position of the left
testicular vein.
Vary from sharp to
dull discomfort
and increase with
standing or
physical exertion,
especially over
long periods
Radionuclide blood-
pool imaging of the
scrotum.
Rep
rod
uctive system
U
rinary System
No
n- C
on
tagiou
s C
on
tagiou
s
Jerlyn P. Aries Gr.9 - Altair
Human Organ
SystemDisease/Disorder
Contagious/
Non-
contagious
Prevalence Statistics Causes Symptoms Detection Treatment
Lymphadenitis
In rural India, the
prevalence of tuberculous
lymphadenitis in children
up to 14 years of age is
approximately 4.4 cases
per 1000
Lymphadenitis may
occur after skin
infections or other
infections caused by
bacteria such as
Streptococcus or Sta
phylococcus.
This may cause
symptoms such as
a sore throat.
A biopsy and
culture of the
affected area or
node may reveal
the cause of the
inflammation. Bloo
d cultures may
reveal spread of
infection to the
bloodstream.
Treatment depends on
the causative agent and
may include expectant
management,
antimicrobial therapy, or
chemotherapy and
radiation (for
malignancy).
Coronary heart disease
The overall incidence of
myocardial infarction in
England in 2010 was 154
per 100,000 in men and 34
per 100,000 in women.
Coronary heart
disease (CHD) is
usually caused by a
build-up of fatty
deposits on the
walls of the arteries
around the heart
(coronary arteries).
The most common
symptoms of
coronary heart
disease (CHD) are
chest pain (angina)
and a heart attack.
EKG
(Electrocardiogram)
, Stress Testing,
Echocardiography,
Chest X Ray, Blood
Tests, Coronary
Angiography and
Cardiac
Catheterization
Treatment for coronary
artery disease usually
involves lifestyle changes
and, if necessary, drugs
and certain medical
procedures.
Lymp
hatic System
C
ardio
vascular System
No
n- C
on
tagiou
s N
on
- Co
ntagio
us
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