system drop in tests of r refrigerants d4y, n r air cooled
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1 2014 Daikin Applied
System Drop‐in Tests of R‐134a Alternative Refrigerants D4Y, N‐13b, R‐1234ze(E) in an
Air‐Cooled Screw Chiller and a Water‐Cooled Centrifugal Chiller
Daikin Applied AmericasFrank CakmakciPhillip JohnsonKazushige KasaiMichael Zamalis
2 2014 Daikin Applied
Refrigerants Tested
Water‐Cooled Air‐Cooled RefrigerantIPCC AR4(2007)
UNEP RTOC AR(2010)
Hodnebrog et.al.(2013) R‐134a R‐1234ze(E) R‐1234yf
● ● R‐134a 1430 1370 1300 100%● N‐13b ‐ 579 ~547 42% 58%
● D4Y ‐ ~551 ~521 40% 60● R‐1234ze(E) ‐ 6 <1 100%
R‐1234yf ‐ <4.4 <1 100%
Chiller Type CompositionGWP100
3 2014 Daikin Applied
Equipment Description
• Centrifugal Chiller• Nominal 145 TonsR• Single compressor chiller• 2 stage, non‐economized• Variable Speed• Magnetic Bearing• Shell & Tube Heat Exchangers◦ Flooded evaporator
• Refrigerants◦ R‐134a (baseline)◦ N‐13b
4 2014 Daikin Applied
Equipment Description
• Test chiller built specifically for AREP testing• Test Location: Verona, VA
Compressor
IGV Motor2P
3P
4P
5 2014 Daikin Applied
Test Methodology
• Drop‐in testing• Inlet guide vanes were held constant at 100% open• Speed controlled manually to achieve capacity• Electronic expansion device operated in manual control at each test point
• Charge amount optimized at full load point for each refrigerant
6 2014 Daikin Applied
Performance of N‐13b
• Full load capacity was reduced by 15.2%• Efficiency relative to baseline of R‐134a:
7 2014 Daikin Applied
Performance of N‐13b
% LoadCapacity
COP
R‐134a N‐13b R‐134a N‐13b
100 151 128 ‐15.2% 5.25 4.98 ‐5.2%
75 115 98 7.89 7.53 ‐4.5%
50 76 64 11.92 11.38 ‐4.5%
25 38 32 11.80 10.99 ‐6.9%
100 (high lift) 130 114 ‐12.3% 4.38 4.17 ‐4.7%
• IPLV (COP) was reduced by 4.9%• Additional high lift full load point for reference only◦ 44°F leaving evaporator, 100°F entering condenser
8 2014 Daikin Applied
Equipment Description
• 200 RT Air‐Cooled Screw Chiller◦ single refrigerant circuit◦ variable speed screw compressor◦ economizer refrigerant cycle◦ PVE type oil
• Refrigerants◦ R‐134a (baseline)◦ R‐1234ze(E)◦ D4Y
10 2014 Daikin Applied
Test Setup & Protocol
• Drop‐in testing• Tests performed in accordance with AHRI 550/590• For each refrigerant, charge quantity optimized for best full load COP
• For each candidate refrigerant, compressor speed was set to the same value as for the baseline R‐134a.
• EEV of the test chiller was controlled automatically to maintain target values of superheat and subcooling.
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