surveying in texas for non-texans- li+gaon and land boundary conflicts aus+n was a surveyor and...
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SURVEYINGINTEXASFOR
NON-TEXANS
BrianD.Au+o,RPLSHouston,Texas
TounderstandTexasSurveyinglet’scomparesurveyinginthe
UnitedStatesPublicLandSurveySystem(USPLSS)VS.
Texas
Startwithtwohistoricalgiants
ThomasJefferson3rdPresidentoftheU.S.
StephenF.AusNn“FatherofTexas”
1793To1836
USPublicLandSurveySystemoriginallyproposedbyThomasJefferson
becameLandOrdinanceof1785
ThenTheUSPublicLandSurveySystem
StatueofJeffersonatUniversityofVirginia
Pain+ngofAus+nbyHenryArthurMcArdle,1873
InstrucNonstoSurveyorsBaseduponEmpressarioAusNn
AndtheColonialCommissioner
laterTexasGeneralLandOffice
Commissioner
Township- 6milessquareSecNon- 1milesquare- 640acres- 80chainsx80chainsGunterChain- 66feet- 100linksAliquotParts–standardsubdivisionsofasec+on
SECTION640acres6400sq.ch.
1mile=80chains
1mile=80chains
USPUBLICLANDSURVEYSYSTEM-PLSS
¼cornersset
NW/4 NE/4
SW/4 SE/4
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16
31 36
OFFICIALUSPLSSTOWNSHIPPLAT–GALLATINCO-MONTANA
April24,1890
Aus+nexperienceinMissouriwithhisFatherMosesAus+n-SFAborninVirginia–raisedinMissouri-li+ga+onandlandboundaryconflicts
Aus+nwasasurveyorandactedmostlikeasurveycoordinatorinTexas
-Texasfirsthydrographicsurveyor(page457Aus+nPapers)GreatResource!AusNnPaperseditedbyEugeneBarker(PublicDomain)-Online=HATHITRUSTDigitalLibraryCita+on:APACitaNonAus+n,M.(192428).TheAus(npapers.Washington:Govt.print.off..MLACitaNonAus+n,Moses,1761-1821.TheAus+nPapers.Washington:Govt.print.off.,192428LinktoAus+nPapers: hip://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/004570145
AusNnColonies-Extents
Dallas-FortWorth
HoustonAusNn
AUSTINCOLONIES–ExtentofcontractedAreas
AusNnColonyfor300familiesapprovedandsurveyingaddressed
TEXASSURVEYINGUNITS
5000varas
5000varas
1LABOR177.136acres
1000varasx1000varas1LEAGUE25Labors
4428.402acres25,000,000sq.varas
1SECTION640acres
1000sq.varas
1900.8varas
1900.8varas
1vara=331/3inches0.36varas=1foot
NOTE:LeaguesalmostneveraresubdividedintolaborsinpracNce
Forma+onoftheGeneralLandOffice(GLO)–HeadedbyLandCommissioner§ GLOOrganizedvacantlandintoDistricts(thenCoun+es)andheadedbyDistrict
Surveyor§ SurveyingperformedbyDeputySurveyors
§ Surveyrequiredforclaimingland–alongwithfees§ Claimtolandbyvariousmeans(afewexamples)
- Headright:Landbasedonclassesand+meofentrytoTexas- Headoffamily=1league+1labor(4605.538acres)- Singlemale=1/3ofleague(1476.134acres)
- Bounty:Militaryservice(pay)- Dona+on:Militaryserviceperbaile
Pages818and819ofAusNnPapers
Horatio Chriesman
Austin Colony Surveyor
TexasGeneralLandOfficeMaptype:SketchTitle:SurveysinAus+n’sColonyalongeastbankofMillCreekSketchNumber:216BrazoriaCountySurveyor:Hora+oChriesmanDate:1827NearpresentdayBellville,TexasHora+oChriesmanlaterwouldlatercallfortheTexianConsulta+onandConven+onatSanFelipedeAus+nin1832–whichresultedintheeventualWarwithMexicoandtheforma+onoftheNa+onofTexas
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FIELDNOTEEXAMPLEFieldNotesforOne-halfleagueandOne-half
laborofland(Sept.1853)For:HeirsofEmilyM.Perry(daughterofSFA)Surveyor:RobertG.Mills,DistrictSurveyor,BrazoriaDistrict
SurveyDimensions:2528varasby5139varas2301.2acres(thissurvey)
-------------1/2league=2214.2acres1labor=88.55acres
Total2302.75acres(Texasdefined)Beginningatacornerpost133varasSouthoftheNE/cofS.F.Aus+nsLeagueandahalfSurveyonOystercreekEastofGrocesSurvey–ThenceSouthwiththeEastboundaryofsaidAus+nsSurvey2528varastoapostforcornerThenceEast5139varastoamulberypostfromwhichabendinGuy?BayoubrsS20°Eabout150varasdistantThenceNorthat280varascrosssedLongPointSloughat2528varassetapostforcorner(thislinepassesthroughthelowerpartoffinestandof+mber–ThenceWest5139varastotheplaceofbeginningcontainingonehalfofaLeagueandonehalfofalaborofland.Onequarteroftheleaguearable.Thebalancepastureland.Chainers:N.B.GrissomandA.HoltThissurveylatercorrected---
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MAINDIFFERENCEBETWEENSYSTEMSATTHEPOINTOFTRANSFEROFRIGHTS
FROMGOVERNMENTTOPRIVATEOWNERSHIP:
-------------USPLSS=SIMULTANEOUSCONVEYANCEOFTOWNSHIP§ All36secNonscreatedinstantlyatapproval§ SecNonsorpartsofsecNonsgrantedtoindividuals§ RequiresconsiderablegovernmentmoneyandresourcestosurveyUSpubliclands§ Remotechanceofvacanciesorunclaimedland–ifdonebytherules§ NoJunior/SeniorrightsbetweensecNons§ PropertydescripNonbyaliquotparts
-------------TEXAS=SEQUENTIALCONVEYANCEPERINDIVIDUALSURVEY§ Surveycostpaidforbyindividualclaimant§ CreatesJunior/Seniorrightsbetweentracts§ Possibilityofvacancies(landsNllownedbyStateofTexas)betweentracts§ PropertyrequiremetesandboundsfordescripNon
Texasundersixflags–France,Spain,Mexico,TexasNa+on,UnitedStatesofAmerica,ConfederateStatesofAmericaTexascameintotheUSasa28thstatein1845bytreaty(theonlystatetodoso)-landrich,cashpoor.USGov’tassumedTexasdebt–butitgaveupclaimsoutsideoftoday’sborders.Texasretainedownershipofitsland.Staffordv.King-30Tex257–April1867–CherokeeCounty,Texas"Courseanddistancearethemostunreliablecalls;distanceislessreliablethancourse,becauseofthemistakesoftheofficers,overwhichthelocatorhasnocontrol;butofnaturalandar(ficialobjectsthelocatorcantakenoteontheground;hencethegeneralrule,thatcourseanddistanceyieldtonaturalobjects;while,undercertaincircumstances,courseanddistancemaycontrol,yetgenerallytheyarebutguidestotheothercalls.Theactualiden(fica(onofthesurvey,thefootstepsofthesurveyorupontheground,shouldalwaysbefollowed,bywhateverruletheymaybetraced."Hoguev.Baker(1898)TexasSupremeCourtdeclarednomorevacantland–allremaining“un-appropriated”landwassetasideforthebenefitofpublicschools–thepermanentschoolfund”DiscoveryofOil–Spindletop1901–Vacancieshuntersandli+ga+on
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