surface anatomy of heart and lungs

Surface anatomy of heart and lung

Dr. Mohamed El fikyProfessor of anatomy and embryology

Blood Supply of the Heart

RightCoronary Artery

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

Anterior Sinus of the Aorta

The Right Coronary Artery

Right Atrium

Right Ventricle

Left Coronary Artery

Right Coronary Artery

The Right Coronary Artery Terminates By

Anastomosis with Left Coronary

PosteriorInterventricular Artery

I.V.C

Left Posterior Aortic Sinus

P.T

Left Auricle

Left Coronary Artery

Left Coronaryand

The Great Cardiac Veinin

The Atrioventricular Groove

AnteriorInterventricular Artery

A.A

The Left Coronary Artery

Circumflex Artery(The Continuation of Left Coronary Posteriorly)

Right Coronary Artery

The Left Coronary Artery Terminates

ByAnastomosis

with Right Coronary

PosteriorInterventricular Artery

Venous Drainage of the HeartA- Coronary Sinus

B- Anterior Cardiac Veins

C- Vena Cordis Minimi

Coronary Sinus

Opening of

The Coronary Sinus

Caval Openi

ng

A- Coronary Sinus1.It is a wide venous channel situated in the posterior part of coronary sulcus and ends in the right atrium.

Tributaries of Coronary Sinus

1. Great cardiac vein: ascends with the anterior inter-ventricular artery, then curves with the

circumflex artery. Small cardiac vein: accompanies the marginal artery.

2. Middle cardiac vein: accompanies the posterior inter- ventricular artery.

3. Small cardiac vein : accompanies the marginal artery .

4. Oblique vein of left atrium (of Marshal): descends obliquely on the back of the Lt. atrium.

5. Posterior vein of the left ventricle: to the left side of the middle cardiac vein.

1- Great Cardiac Vein

Left Marginal Vein

Ventricular Tributaries

Atrial Tributaries

Right Marginal Veinis

A Tributary of Small Cardiac Vein

2- Middle Cardiac VeinTributaries from Both Ventricles

3- Small Cardiac VeinTributaries from

Right Atrium and Ventricle

4- Posterior Vein of

Left Ventricle

Tributariesfrom Left Ventricle

5- Oblique Veinof

Left Atrium

Anterior Cardiac Veins

B- Anterior Cardiac Veins

Vena Cordis Minimi

C- Vena Cordis Minimi

BaseSternocostal Surface

Diaphragmatic Surface

Left Surface

Base

Left Atrium

Right A

trium

Relations of The Base of The Heart

Pericardium And

Oblique Sinus

Descending Thoracic A

orta

The Coronary SinusIn

The Coronary Groove

2- The Base The Heart

Right B

order

Lower Border

A- Borders

B- Apex

C- CoronaryGroove

D- Valves

(P)(A)

(M)(T)

Surface Anatomy of the Heart

Right border

Upper Border

Left Border

Lower border

5- Borders of The Heart

Apex

1- Apex of The Heart

3.5 Inch 5th space

Midclavicular Line

Surface Anatomy of the lung and Pleura

Midclavicular Line

Midaxillary Line

Anterior m

argin

Surface Anatomy of the Right Pleura

Surface Anatomy of the Left Pleura

Midclavicular Line

Midaxillary Line

Anterior m

argin

Surface Anatomy of the inferior margin of Right & left Pleura

Midaxillary Line

Midclavicular Line

Paravertebral LinePosterior m

argin

Anterior m

argin

Horizontal fissure

Posterior margin

Inferior margin

Horizontal fissure

Surface Anatomy of the Right Lungs

Inferior margin

Posterior margin

Surface Anatomy of the Left Lungs

ABC

Surface Anatomy of the pleura

a

b

g

c

d

e

hf

d

e

a

b

c

g

hf

Anterior margin:q Begins at the apex 1 inch above the medial

1/3 of clavicle.q Descends behind the sterno-clavicular

joint.q Reaches the sternal angle.q Then, descends to the 4th costal cartilage.q The right pleura continues till the 6th costal

cartilage.q The left pleura arches outwards and

descends lateral to the sternal bordermaking the cardiac notch, till it reaches the6th costal cartilage.

Inferior margin:q From the 6th costal cartilage, each line

turns laterally passing around the chestwall crossing mid-clavicular line at 8th rib.

q Mid-axillary line at 10th rib.q Midline posteriorly at 12th thoracic

vertebra.

Posterior margin:q From the 12th thoracic vertebra upwards

till the apex.

ABC

Surface Anatomy of the Lung

a

b

g

c

d

e

hf

d

e

a

b

c

g

hf

Anterior margin:q Begins at the apex 1 inch above the

medial 1/3 of clavicle.q Descends behind the sterno-clavicular

joint.q Reaches the sternal angle.q Then, descends to the 4th costal cartilage.q The right pleura continues till the 6th

costal cartilage.q The left pleura arches outwards and

descends lateral to the sternal bordermaking the cardiac notch, till it reachesthe 6th costal cartilage.

Inferior margin:q It lies 2 ribs higher than that of pleura.

Mid-clavicular line at 6th rib.q Mid-axillary line at 8th rib.q Midline posteriorly at 10th thoracic

vertebra.Posterior margin:From the 10th thoracic vertebra upwards till the apex. Fissures:Oblique fissure (in both sides): From the 3rd thoracic spine to the 6th costal cartilage.Horizontal fissure (only in the right): From the 4th costal cartilage till it meets the oblique fissure.

Costophrenic angle

Aortic knuckle

Left border

Apex

Right border

Left diaphragmatic copula

Right diaphragmatic copula

Thank

You