sugar up
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• SLOW TWITCH MUSCLES
• Thin fibers• Many mitochondrion• Aerobic• Many myoglobin• Dark Meat• Long Distance runs
• FAST TWITCH MUSCLES
• Thick fibers• Few Mitochondrion• Anaerobic• Few myoglobin• Light Meat• Sprinters, weight
lifting
Respiratory System
• What is another name for the trachea? Where is it?
• Windpipe and located below epiglottis
Respiratory System
• The trachea branches into what two pipes as it enters the lungs?
• Bronchi #5 and #9
• What are the grapelike clusters at the end of the small tubes in the lungs?
• Alveoli (#11)
What is the difference?
• Between calorie and Calorie?
• calorie = heat it takes to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
• Calorie = 1000 calories
What is another name for…
• The Krebs Cycle?• A. Calvin Cycle• B. Lactic Acid Cycle• C. Citric Acid Cycle• D. Pyruvic Acid Cycle
• ANSWER: C
Which enzyme…
• Grooms pyruvic acid so it can enter the Krebs cycle?
• A. Lactase• B. Coenzyme A• C. Coenzyme K• D. Protease
• ANSWER: B
What is cut off…
• Pyruvic acid so it can enter the Krebs cycle?
• A. oxygen• B. nitrogen• C. hydroxide• D. carbon
• ANSWER: D
Which process…
• Means “sugar breaking?”
•A. glycolysis
• B. Krebs cycle• C. ETC• D. chemiosmosis
• ANSWER: A
What process…
• Regenerates NAD+ so glycolysis can continue?
• A. Krebs cycle• B. fermentation• C. glycolysis• D. chemiosmosis
• ANSWER: B
1. Which process is the anaerobic one in yeast?
• A. glycolysis• B. Krebs Cycle• C. Chemiosmosis• D. ETC• E. alcoholic fermentation• F. lactic acid fermentation
• ANSWER: alcoholic fermentation
2.Which is the movement of H+ ions across ATP synthase?
• A. glycolysis• B. Krebs Cycle• C. Chemiosmosis• D. ETC• E. alcoholic fermentation• F. lactic acid fermentation
• ANSWER: chemiosmosis
3. Which is the splitting of glucose into two 3-carbon compounds?
• A. glycolysis• B. Krebs Cycle• C. Chemiosmosis• D. ETC• E. alcoholic fermentation• F. lactic acid fermentation
• ANSWER: glycolysis
4. Which is also called the citric acid cycle?
• A. glycolysis• B. Krebs Cycle• C. Chemiosmosis• D. ETC• E. alcoholic fermentation• F. lactic acid fermentation
• ANSWER: Krebs cycle
5. Which is the movement of electrons from high energy to low?
• A. glycolysis• B. Krebs Cycle• C. Chemiosmosis• D. ETC• E. alcoholic fermentation• F. lactic acid fermentation
• ANSWER: ETC
6. Which is the anaerobic process in animals’ muscles?
• A. glycolysis• B. Krebs Cycle• C. Chemiosmosis• D. ETC• E. alcoholic fermentation• F. lactic acid fermentation
• ANSWER: lactic acid fermentation
2. How many ATP’s are formed when one molecule of glucose
break down (net) in glycolysis only?
• 2 3 6 34 38 40
• ANSWER: 2 (net)
4. How many net ATP’s are formed from the breakdown of one glucose
molecule TOTAL from cellular respiration (Krebs +
ETC/chemiosmosis) and glycolysis?
• 2 3 6 34 38 40
• ANSWER: 38
5. How many ATP’s are needed to get the glucose in glycolysis to start
breaking down?
• 2 3 6 34 38 40
• ANSWER: 2
1. Where does FERMENTATION occur?
• A. Cytoplasm
• B. Matrix
• C. Inner membrane of mitochondrion
• D. Intermembrane space of mitochondrion
• ANSWER: cytoplasm (fermentation and glycolysis)
2. Where does Krebs CYCLE occur?
• A. Cytoplasm
• B. Matrix
• C. Inner membrane of mitochondrion
• D. Intermembrane space of mitochondrion
• ANSWER: matrix
3. Where does ETC occur?
• A. Cytoplasm
• B. Matrix
• C. Inner membrane of mitochondrion
• D. Intermembrane space of mitochondrion
• ANSWER: inner membrane
4. Where do H+ ions collect before they pass through the ATP
synthase? • A. Cytoplasm
• B. Matrix
• C. Inner membrane of mitochondrion
• D. Intermembrane space of mitochondrion
• ANSWER: intermembrane space
5. Where is the ATP synthase located??
• A. Cytoplasm
• B. Matrix
• C. Inner membrane of mitochondrion
• D. Intermembrane space of mitochondrion
• ANSWER: inner membrane
Which electron carriers are in glycolysis?
• FADH NADH
• NADH
• Which electron carriers are in Krebs cycle?
• BOTH NADH and FADH2
What is the final electron acceptor of the ETC?
• A. oxygen• B. NAD+• C. FAD• D. Matt Vinson
• ANSWER: oxygen
Where do each of these come from to form water in cellular
respiration?
• H+• NADH and FADH2
• Oxygen• Breathing in• Electrons• NADH and FADH2 (released to ETC)• Matt Vinson
1. What 2-C product is at the end of glycolysis?
• Pyruvic acid
• Carbon dioxide
• Water
• Ethanol
• Mark Dohner
• ANSWER: pyruvic acid
2. What is the product at the end of ETC/chemiosmosis with H+ and
with oxygen?• Pyruvic acid
• ATP
• Water
• Carbon dioxide
• ANSWER: water
3. What product forms with ethanol (ethyl alcohol) in yeast
fermentation?• ATP
• Water
• Carbon dioxide
• Ethanol
• ANSWER: carbon dioxide
4. What product forms at the end of anaerobic fermentation in muscles
of animals?• Carbon dioxide• Water• Pyruvic acid• Lactic acid• Ethanol
• ANSWER: lactic acid
5. What forms as a waste product liquid in yeast only if oxygen is not
present when pyruvic acid is fermented?
• Ethanol
• Carbon dioxide
• Lactic acid
• Water
• ANSWER: ethanol
Glucose
• How different is pyruvic acid?
• ANSWER: Glucose is 6-C and pyruvic acid is 3-C made from glucose splitting.
What is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic?
• A. with oxygen• B. without oxygen
• ANSWER: anaerobic is without oxygen
• Aerobic is with oxygen
When electrons are passed in the ETC, what direction does the
energy flow?• Low to high
• High to low
• Even throughout
• ANSWER: High to low
What is phosphorylation?
• Addition of a phosphate• Addition of a hydrogen• Addition of an oxygen
• ANSWER: Addition of a phosphate• Like ADP + P = ATP• Adding P to glucose to break into pyruvic acid
Where does it take place?
• 1. cellular respiration• 2. Krebs cycle• 3. lactic acid
fermentation• 4. alcoholic
fermentation
• 5. gives off CO2 as a waste product
CHOICES:• C = cytoplasm• M = mitochondrion• IM = inner
membrane• IMS = inter
membrane space• MX = matrix
Where does it take place?
• 1. cellular respiration
• 2. Krebs cycle• 3. lactic acid
fermentation• 4. alcoholic
fermentation
• 5. gives off CO2 as a waste product
• M
• MX
• C
• C
• MX
Where does it take place?
• ETC
• Glycolysis
• Citric acid cycle
• NADH and FADH2
(gives up e-)
• H+ ions collect when NADH and FADH2 give up e-
CHOICES:
• C = cytoplasm
• M = mitochondrion
• IM = inner membrane
• IMS = inter membrane space
• MX = matrix
Where does it take place?
• ETC
• Glycolysis
• Citric acid cycle
• NADH and FADH2
(gives up e-)
• H+ ions collect when NADH and FADH2 give up e-
• IM
• C
• MX
• MX to IM
• IMS
What number?2 3 4 6 34 38
ATP to start glycolysis?
ANSWER: 2
Total ATP made from glycolysis to pyruvic acid?
ANSWER: 4
What number?2 3 4 6 34 38
Net ATP made from glucose to pyruvic acid?
ANSWER: 2
ATP from Krebs cycle?
ANSWER: 2
What number?2 3 4 6 34 38
ATP from ETC and chemiosmosis?
ANSWER: 34
Total ATP from one glucose broken down (glycolysis + Krebs cycle + ETC/chemiosmosis) ?
ANSWER:38
What number?2 3 4 6 34 38
Number of carbons in glucose?
ANSWER: 6
Number of carbons in pyruvic acid?
ANSWER: 3
What molecule is it?
That forms when pyruvic acid breaks down in muscles (anaerobically)?
ANSWER: lactic acid
What 2 molecules…
• That form when pyruvic acid breaks down in yeasts (anaerobically)?
• ANSWER: carbon dioxide and ethanol (ethyl alcohol)
What molecule is it?
• That forms as a one-carbon waste product in the Krebs cycle?
• ANSWER: carbon dioxide
What molecule is it?
• That is a 6-carbon molecule that forms temporarily in the Krebs cycle (2-C acetyl CoA and a 4-C compound)?
• ANSWER: citric acid
Is it ANAEROBIC OR AEROBIC?
• Glycolysis
• Krebs cycle
• Chemiosmosis
• Fermentation
• ETC
• Anaerobic
• Aerobic
• Aerobic
• Anaerobic
• Aerobic
Which is the form in each that is
filled carrying e-?• NAD+ or NADH?
• FADH2 or FAD?
• ANSWER: NADH and FADH2
As e- go down the ETC, do they do it…?
• Gradually (step by step)
• OR
• Quickly (all at once)?
• ANSWER: gradually
Pyruvic acid gets “cut and groomed” by what and to go
where?
• ANSWER:
• BY Coenzyme A to go into the Krebs cycle
What is chemiosmosis?
• The diffusion of _____________ from ______ concentration to ___________ concentration across a ________________.
• ANSWER: H+ ions, High to Low, membrane
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