storytelling frameworks for digital pedagogies

Storytelling Frameworks for

Digital Pedagogies

Dr. Patricia McGee (UTSA)IOL Conference

Austin, TX5.21.2009

STO

RIES

Learning across life through stories

Who are we?

• Educator

• Technical staff

• Instructional Designer

• Developer

• Other

Personal narrative

Cultural identity

Collective consciousness

Lifelong learning

Knowledge management

Digital Storytelling

… the practice of combining narrative with digital content, including images, sound, and video, to create a short movie, typically with a strong emotional component.

EDUCAUSE 7things you need to know

Digital Pedagogies

… those instructional frameworks that are used specifically within technology-mediated learning settings.• Connectivism• Gaming• Virtual/immersive • Informal learning

“… a process of social learning that occurs when people who have a common interest in some subject or problem collaborate over an extended period to share ideas, find solutions, and build innovations.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_of_practice

Community of Practice

Storytelling as..

How can we make sure learning

happens?

How instruction typically gets attention

There will be a test!

There will be a test!

FactsProceduresPrinciplesStrategies

Critical thinkingProblem solvingCreative thinking

Stories & Real World

• What to do + why to do it

• What is valued

• Often informal yet enculturatedo Measurement of what is knowno Indicator of what knowledge meanso Conveyor of authority structure

Story as…

scenario

problem

Publication Model of Community

Portfolio Model of Community

Structure and DesignWhat works

What we know about stories …

7 elements of storytelling

The Center for Digital Storytelling

Design Frameworks

Learner

• Citizen Journalism

• How-to teaching others

• Persuasion

• Puzzle

Designer

• Inquiry

• Learner as Expert/ SME

• Debate

• Mystery

Journalistic Storytelling

Is a digital story ever done?

Re-telling and learning

Re-telling

Legend Parable

Fable

Re-telling?

Different archetypes?

Archetypal plotsArchetype Plot Structure GiftOrphan How I suffered

How I survivedResilience

Wanderer How I escapedHow I found my way in the world

Independence

Warrior How I achieved my goalsHow I defeated my enemies

Courage

Altruist How I gave to othersHow I sacrificed

Compassion

Returned Innocent

How I found happinessThe promised land

Faith

Magician How I changed my world Power

(Pearson, 1998)

Design Frameworks

Learner

• Self-reflection

• Journalism

• Creative Writing

• Multiple POVs

Pedagogy

• Peer feedback/interviewing

• Peer reviews

• Connected storytelling

Does it matter how a story is told?

Process and intention

Telling a fable

(Snowden, 2004)

Polytrophic

Teleological

Histrionic

Digressive

Story structure frameworks

Dialogic storytelling

Type Dialogue asInclusive-divergent Conversation

Inclusive-convergent Inquiry

Critical-divergent Debate

Critical-convergent Instruction

Burbules (1983)

O’Neill, 2002

ARCS

LOW Color

HIGH Need Fulfillment

HIGHColor

LOW Need Fulfillment

TIME

Keller, 1999

?

Just because we use a method

Doesn’t mean we are telling an effective story or that students

are learning

Telling + teaching

PREPARATION of the listener/learner for future learning

ENGAGEMENT of the listener/learner through multiple means

Co-narration

What about the learners?

Novices

Focus on discrete details

Capture empirical information

Focus on the use of formulas and previously learned strategies

Operate at lower levels of thinking

Caveat: Learners are not novices at everything

Experts

Have deep and complex memory of information

Have situational and applied frameworks to quickly retrieve knowledge

‘See’ the underlying theory, models, and principles

Focus on understanding the problem

Caveat: Teachers are not experts at everything

(Hatano, 1998)

Mental Function and Skill Level: Five Stage Model

(Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1980, p. 15)

SOLO TaxonomyStructure of Observed Learning Outcomes

HURRIERModel of Listening

TRANSFER

Process of Digital Processing

TRANSFER

Design Frameworks

Learner

Portfolio

Cases

Debate

Problem Solving

Portfolio

Pedagogy

Peer/Expert critique

Cooperation

Collaboration

Distributed intelligence

Engage

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Critical Reflection

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Critical Reflection

Data

Connectedness Wisdom

Information

Knowledge

Understanding

Understanding relations

Understanding patterns

Understanding principles

(Bellinger, Castro & Mills, 2004)

Building Community• Design for growth & change

• Create and maintain feedback loops

• Empower members over time

Kim, A. J., (2000). Community building on the web. Peachpit Press.

Contributive Pedagogy

• Social Justice Action

• Citizen Journalism

• Mentoring

• How-to Teaching

• Social Network

Jennifer Poo

Thank you!

Patricia.mcgee@utsa.edu