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Status of the OPERA experiment
Akitaka ArigaLHEP University of Bern
on behalf of the OPERA collaboration
CC event with charm productionCandidate (Data)
OPERA experimentbull Aiming to prove the Flavor-Mixing neutrino oscillation
hypothesis by appearance methodndash Appearance of new flavor
ndash Search in the region predicted by disappearance experiments (SK K2K MINOS)
bull Direct observation of events in Nuclear Emulsion detectorsndash Only detector which can detect (DONUT exp)ndash Sub-micron position resolutionndash mrad angular resolutionndash 125 kt of target mass
(FL ~500m)
1ryvertex non-mu
CC interaction CC interaction
CNGS beam
lt E gt 17 GeV
L 730 km
( e + e) 087
4
prompt negligible
Expected produced interactions (225x1019) ~25400 CC + NC
~170 e + e CC~125 CC (m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2)
L = 732 kmCERNLNGS
Tflight = 244 ms
CERN
LNGS
730 km
~10 tau decays are expectedto be observed
Less than 1 backgroundafter 5 years running
20μm
π-10GeVc
Electron ～ 100keV
Intrinsic resolution 50nm
Emulsion film by FUJI Film
Deviation from linear-fit line (2D)sensitivity 36grains100micron
4
Cross-sectional view (SEM)
Plastic Base (205micron)
Emulsion Layer
Emulsion Layer (44micron) A minimal detectorAgBr Cristal Size = 02micron Detection efficiency = 016crystal
1013 channels in a film
2009610 4
102 cm
125 cm75 cm
10 X0
neutrino
OPERA Film times 57 plates
Lead x 56 plates
OPERA Film2 emulsion layers (44 m thick)
poured on a 205 m plastic base
1mm03mm
The OPERA target consists of
about 150000 bricks
Total target mass 125 kton
OPERA target amp main detector
ECC brick
Lead plate
Hybrid target structureHybrid target structure
(CS)
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
Brick Manipulator System
Brick Wall and Brick Manipulation system
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
OPERA experimentbull Aiming to prove the Flavor-Mixing neutrino oscillation
hypothesis by appearance methodndash Appearance of new flavor
ndash Search in the region predicted by disappearance experiments (SK K2K MINOS)
bull Direct observation of events in Nuclear Emulsion detectorsndash Only detector which can detect (DONUT exp)ndash Sub-micron position resolutionndash mrad angular resolutionndash 125 kt of target mass
(FL ~500m)
1ryvertex non-mu
CC interaction CC interaction
CNGS beam
lt E gt 17 GeV
L 730 km
( e + e) 087
4
prompt negligible
Expected produced interactions (225x1019) ~25400 CC + NC
~170 e + e CC~125 CC (m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2)
L = 732 kmCERNLNGS
Tflight = 244 ms
CERN
LNGS
730 km
~10 tau decays are expectedto be observed
Less than 1 backgroundafter 5 years running
20μm
π-10GeVc
Electron ～ 100keV
Intrinsic resolution 50nm
Emulsion film by FUJI Film
Deviation from linear-fit line (2D)sensitivity 36grains100micron
4
Cross-sectional view (SEM)
Plastic Base (205micron)
Emulsion Layer
Emulsion Layer (44micron) A minimal detectorAgBr Cristal Size = 02micron Detection efficiency = 016crystal
1013 channels in a film
2009610 4
102 cm
125 cm75 cm
10 X0
neutrino
OPERA Film times 57 plates
Lead x 56 plates
OPERA Film2 emulsion layers (44 m thick)
poured on a 205 m plastic base
1mm03mm
The OPERA target consists of
about 150000 bricks
Total target mass 125 kton
OPERA target amp main detector
ECC brick
Lead plate
Hybrid target structureHybrid target structure
(CS)
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
Brick Manipulator System
Brick Wall and Brick Manipulation system
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
CNGS beam
lt E gt 17 GeV
L 730 km
( e + e) 087
4
prompt negligible
Expected produced interactions (225x1019) ~25400 CC + NC
~170 e + e CC~125 CC (m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2)
L = 732 kmCERNLNGS
Tflight = 244 ms
CERN
LNGS
730 km
~10 tau decays are expectedto be observed
Less than 1 backgroundafter 5 years running
20μm
π-10GeVc
Electron ～ 100keV
Intrinsic resolution 50nm
Emulsion film by FUJI Film
Deviation from linear-fit line (2D)sensitivity 36grains100micron
4
Cross-sectional view (SEM)
Plastic Base (205micron)
Emulsion Layer
Emulsion Layer (44micron) A minimal detectorAgBr Cristal Size = 02micron Detection efficiency = 016crystal
1013 channels in a film
2009610 4
102 cm
125 cm75 cm
10 X0
neutrino
OPERA Film times 57 plates
Lead x 56 plates
OPERA Film2 emulsion layers (44 m thick)
poured on a 205 m plastic base
1mm03mm
The OPERA target consists of
about 150000 bricks
Total target mass 125 kton
OPERA target amp main detector
ECC brick
Lead plate
Hybrid target structureHybrid target structure
(CS)
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
Brick Manipulator System
Brick Wall and Brick Manipulation system
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
20μm
π-10GeVc
Electron ～ 100keV
Intrinsic resolution 50nm
Emulsion film by FUJI Film
Deviation from linear-fit line (2D)sensitivity 36grains100micron
4
Cross-sectional view (SEM)
Plastic Base (205micron)
Emulsion Layer
Emulsion Layer (44micron) A minimal detectorAgBr Cristal Size = 02micron Detection efficiency = 016crystal
1013 channels in a film
2009610 4
102 cm
125 cm75 cm
10 X0
neutrino
OPERA Film times 57 plates
Lead x 56 plates
OPERA Film2 emulsion layers (44 m thick)
poured on a 205 m plastic base
1mm03mm
The OPERA target consists of
about 150000 bricks
Total target mass 125 kton
OPERA target amp main detector
ECC brick
Lead plate
Hybrid target structureHybrid target structure
(CS)
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
Brick Manipulator System
Brick Wall and Brick Manipulation system
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
102 cm
125 cm75 cm
10 X0
neutrino
OPERA Film times 57 plates
Lead x 56 plates
OPERA Film2 emulsion layers (44 m thick)
poured on a 205 m plastic base
1mm03mm
The OPERA target consists of
about 150000 bricks
Total target mass 125 kton
OPERA target amp main detector
ECC brick
Lead plate
Hybrid target structureHybrid target structure
(CS)
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
Brick Manipulator System
Brick Wall and Brick Manipulation system
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
Brick Manipulator System
Brick Wall and Brick Manipulation system
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
OPERA detectorSM1 SM2
Brick Manipulator System
Extract Brick and CS scan CSConfirm the event in the ECC brickDevelop brick and send to scanning labs
Target area (ECC + CS + TT)
Muon spectrometer (Magnet+RPC+PT)
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
ECC validation by CS
bull Select proper ECC brick which contains neutrino interactionsndash Save analysis timendash Minimize the loss of target mass
CSDevelop this brickDevelop this brick
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
CS Scanning StationsCS Scanning Stations
Nagoya (Japan)LNGS (Italy)
European Scanning System Super-UltraTrackSelector
11
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Parallel analysis of ECC bricksbull Validated bricks are sent to the scanning labs
ndash 10 scanning labs share the scanning (Increasing)
To Japan
Padova
To Mosccow
GS
Scanning station in LHEP Bern
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
11
ECC
Large area scan~100cm2
Point Scan~100x100m2
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash ECC Scanback ndash
CS TT
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
12Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
Lead
emul
sion
emul
sion
emul
sion
neutrino
Flow of Location ndash Volume Scan ndash
CS TTECCVolume scan topology analysis5 plates upstream10 plates downstream
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Located neutrino interactionEmulsion gives 3D vector data giving a micrometric precision of the vertexing accuracy(The frames correspond to scanning area Yellow short lines measured tracks The other colored lines interpolation or extrapolation The colors indicate the Z-depth in the module)
1 cm
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
1781019 pot
Status and prospect of Data taking
20082008 20092009
May 9th
Time
Extrapolation to end of 2009 run = 35 x 1019 POT
1931019 pot Sep 6th
Unix Time
pot
18 June
03 Nov
2006 0076x1019 pot 0 int Commissioning
2007 0082x1019 pot 38 int Commissioning
2008 178x1019 pot 1598 int First physics run
2009 193x1019 pot up to now (Sep 6th)
2036 int Extrapolation is 35x1019 pot at end of the run (~2 tau expected in total)
Nominal 45 x 1019 pot x 5 yeartotal 225 x 1019 pot
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Status of event location in ECC for 2008 run
Scanning for 2008 run will be completed by September 2009
with muon without muon Total
Events in target 1242 356 1598
Bricks developed 993 249 1242
Vertices located in ECC 738 135 873
Vertices located in the dead material 16 6 22
X (m)
Y (m)
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Impact parameters
IP = Distance from the reconstructed vertex
IP
Z
emulsionlead MCMC
DataData DataData
Z profile plot
ltIPgt
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Improvement of analysis speedin ECC validation by CS
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Av rsquo08Run 553 daysAv rsquo09Run 55 days
day
Red rsquo08RunBlack rsquo09Run
Most of events in 2009 are processed with in a few days
Long tail in 2008 run
day
(Zoom up)
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Gamma detection and π0 reconstruction
E ~05 GeV
E ~81 GeV
2 e-showers give a reconstructed mass ~ 160 MeVc2
70 of 1-prong hadronic tau decays include one or more 0 Important to detect gamma from tau decay to improve SN
Gamma detectiondetection of showerdetection e-pair at start point
π0 reconstruction is in progress
e-paire+ e-
hadron
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
muon
22 cm
7 mm
Primary vertex
Secondary vertex
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
bull CC interaction with hadronic re-interaction
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
6 reconstructed around the vertex
7 mm
22 cm
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
4 attached to primary vtx and well separated from secondary vtx
- IP at 1ry vtx 27 - 31 - 119 - 35 m - IP at 2ry vtx 260 -158 - 500 - 700 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
2 attached to secondary vtx and well separated from primary vtx
- IP at 2ry vtx 8 - 10 m - IP at 1ry vtx 1216 - 806 m
7 mm
22 cm
6 reconstructed around the vertex
muon
Example of Gamma to vertex attachment
Not only detection but also pointing of vertexNot only detection but also pointing of vertex
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Gamma study and MCdata comparison
preliminarypreliminary
preliminary
Gamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertexGamma multiplicity attached to 1ry vertex
IP of gamma to 1ry vertexIP of gamma to 1ry vertex dZ from 1ry vertex to start pointdZ from 1ry vertex to start point
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Analysis for located eventsbull 2008 run
ndash Nu-tau detectionbull 07 event observation is expectedbull Background 005 event
ndash Check nu-tau detection efficiency by detecting charmed particles (similar life time and mass with tau)
bull Charm particles are produced in nu-mu CC interactions (~45)
Particle
Mass(MeVc2)
Life time (10-15 s)
cτ (micron)
τ 17769 291 871
D+ 18693 1040 3118
Ds+ 19682 500 1499
Λc+ 22865 200 599
CC-int
CC-int +charm production
Charm
e hadron
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Example of Detected Topologies 1Example of Detected Topologies 1
A Muon is isolated from the vertexmuon
(animation)Yellow short line is data Lines with other color are extension
IP wrt muon(micron)
IP wrt decay point(micron)
Momentum(GeVc)
Daughter1 370 05 13
Daughter2 135 04 23
1mm
muon
emulsion
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
muon
muon
Lead plate (1 mm)
Hypothesis (1) D0 candidate
Hypothesis (2) candidate
minimum kink angle 312 mradmuon momentum 17 GeVcDecay Pt gt 53 GeVc
Excluded by Pt Pt gt maximum decay Pt of (about 09 GeVc)
1ryvertex
1ryvertex
D0
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
bull A muon kink detected in rather short flight length
-
Kink angle 15 mradFL 18 mm
Tilted view
Beam view
-
Example of Detected Topologies 2Example of Detected Topologies 2
1ryvertex
18mm 6GeVcKink angle 15mrad Pt = 90MeVc
1ry vtx kink vtx
Em Em
bull Topology looks similar to tau decaybullKink angle = 7 sigma away from the resolution
bull Rejected by Kinematical analysis (Pt cut)bullPt cut for tau decay Ptgt250MeVcbullPossibly muon single large-angle scattering or hadronic particle decay (pi K) into muon
1ry vtx
kink vtx
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Current status for 2008 run
Branching ratio Number of candidates
1-prong 37 7
2-prong 30 5
3-prong 19 2
4-prong 7 1
Tau candidatesAnalysis ongoingNo candidate yet (07 expected 005 BG)
Charm candidatesAnalysis ongoing for located ~700 nu-mu CC eventsUp to now we have collected 15 candidatesAgreement with our expectation
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
A strong earthquake (MI=62) hit LrsquoAquila on April 6th 2009 The epicenter was 15 km away from the Gran Sasso laboratory 306 killed 1600 injured many houses collapsed 15000 buildings were damaged
OPERA found basically intact geometric measurements showed no significant alignment changes
Gran Sasso activities stopped for ~15 months
Big OPERA effort to let CNGS start with only 2 weeks delay
The LrsquoAquila earthquakeThe LrsquoAquila earthquake
28
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
30
TT and the earthquakeTT and the earthquake
amplitude of the oscillation ~10 mm
No other consequences of the earthquake were observed thanks to the anti-seismic studies made for OPERA
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Summarybull The OPERA experiment is taking data in the CNGS beambull 178x1019 pot were collected during the first physics run in 2008
ndash 800 out of 1600 located in ECCndash Scanning to be finished this month
bull The analysis of 2008 data is in progressndash Expected detector performancesndash No nu tau signal yetndash Several charmed candidates are detected as expected
bull The evaluation of total efficiencies and background is ongoingbull In 2009 run 193x1019pot were already collected
ndash 45x1019 pot are requestedndash 35x1019 pot are expected at the end of the runndash Detection of ~2 nu-tau events is expectedhellipSOON
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
- Slide 30
- Slide 31
- Slide 32
- Slide 33
- Slide 34
- Slide 35
- Slide 36
- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
Charm candidate 51284 (di-muon event)
kink
x-view
1ryvertex 4 mm
13 mm
flight length 1330 micronkink angle 209 mradIP of daughter 262 microndaughter muon 22 GeVcdecay Pt 046 GeVc
1ry muon
daughter muon
(animation)
BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
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BACKUP
34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
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34Emulsion layers 44micron
Base 205micron
Base 205micron
125cm
OPERA film x 2
10cm
Neutrino beam
Changeable Sheet (CS)
600micron
160m
icro
n
OPERA film OPERA film
X Z
bull Pick up tracks from neutrino interactionbull Helps tagging ECC Saving Scanning load and Target Mass
Roles of CS
Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
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- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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- Slide 41
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Scanning and reconstruction
Raw-tracks in each layer Reconstructed tracks between base
Base
Emulsion Emulsion
Computing
~ 5 min
Computing
~ 5 min
Reconstructed tracks between films
Analysis
Scanning ~ 10 min cm2
Most time consuming
Single base-track
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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- Slide 37
- Slide 38
- Slide 39
- Slide 40
- Slide 41
-
OPERA signal and background
decay channel
BR () Signal m2 = 25 x 10-3 eV2
Background
177 29 017
e 178 35 017
h 495 31 024
3h 150 09 017
Total 104 075
Full mixing 5 years run 45x1019 pot year
Main background sources bull Production and decay of charmed particles bull Hadron re-interactionsbull Large angle muon scattering
Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
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- Slide 41
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Tau background by D0
bull Neutral charmed particle decay vertex mistaken as primary vertex in events where only a muon and D0 are produced at primary vertex
channel
Cut on the invariant mass to be used to reduce this background source
38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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38
Momentum measurement in ECC by Multiple Coulomb Scattering
Pion 6 GeV
test beam
P M
CS (G
eV)
P beam (GeV)
Pion 2 GeV
Evaluate scattering of particles
Data from Test exposure to pion beamData from Test exposure to pion beam
Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
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Pt cut
Daughter particle of τ
Daughter particle of hadronic re-interactions
Pt(GeVc) Pt(GeVc)
MC MC
72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
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72853
40
muon single stop at pl 22
a vertex found 342 m upstreamfrom pl 22
minimum distance wrt muontrk 145 370 m (confirmed in CS)trk 206 135 m
-
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
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