stanford hci group undergraduate honors thesis taskposé: a dynamic task-based window management aid...
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stanford hci group
undergraduate honors thesis
Taskposé: A Dynamic Task-Based Window Management Aid Michael Bernsteinmbernst@stanford.edu01 June 2006
Thesis Advisor: Jeff Shrager, Symbolic SystemsSecond Reader: Terry Winograd, Computer Science
06 June 2006 2Honors Thesis
The Problem What goes with what?
06 June 2006 3Honors Thesis
The Approach: Tasks
Task: a high-level goal toward which a person’s actions are directed
Can subsume sets of artifacts into larger task groupings
06 June 2006 4Honors Thesis
Writing a PaperHigh-Level Task
Organizing Force
Piles and Files
Physical World
Draft 1 w/ Comments
Rolodex
Draft 2
Reference Book
Artifacts
06 June 2006 5Honors Thesis
Writing a PaperHigh-Level Task Digital World
MS Word Document
Browser Window
MS Word Document 2
Browser Window 2
Browser Window 3
MS Outlook
Yahoo! IM
iTunesOrganizing Force
Artifacts
Windows Taskbar
06 June 2006 6Honors Thesis
My Focus: Windows (The artifacts, not the operating system) Likely to persist for the foreseeable
future Good (though not perfect) mapping onto
artifacts of interest Current approach is not scaling: Windows
taskbar, OS X dock, Exposé
06 June 2006 7Honors Thesis
Tasks and Windows Managers Problem: How can a computer
know when two windows are part of the same task? The Agnostic Answer: It can’t. We’ll
let users tell the computer which windows are related.
The Predictive Answer: There is some set of heuristics we can use to effectively predict which windows are semantically related.
06 June 2006 8Honors Thesis
Agnostic Window Managers
Task Gallery (Robertson et al.)
Rooms (Card et al.) GroupBar (Smith et al.)
06 June 2006 9Honors Thesis
Kimura (MacIntyre et al.)
Predictive Windows Managers
TaskTracer (Dragunov et al.)
06 June 2006 10Honors Thesis
Task Classification Work artifacts are placed strictly in
one task Binary: Is it part of this task, or no?
MS Word Document
Bro
wser
Win
dow
MS W
ord
Docu
ment
2
Bro
wser
Win
dow
2
Bro
wser W
ind
ow
3
MS
Ou
tlook Y
ahoo!
IM
iTunes
06 June 2006 11Honors Thesis
What’s Wrong With This Picture?
“So, what task is this window part of?” TaskTracer: “Users are often able
to tell the system what it is not, but not what it is.”
Activity Based Computing: “The worst thing? Well [...] you need to constantly consider ‘where does this one belong’.”
06 June 2006 12Honors Thesis
Anecdotally…
Log on to Amazon.com to buy a book, but get distracted by a related work. Are you still “buying a book?” Are you not “buying a book?”
Originally write a literature review for a paper, but later refer to it when creating slides. Is it still part of the “CHI Paper” task?
06 June 2006 13Honors Thesis
Task Association, not Classification
Association: artifacts may identify with tasks at varying degrees Strongly associated with one task Weakly associated with several tasks Associated with nothing at all
Aligns more closely with users’ mental models of their workspace
06 June 2006 14Honors Thesis
The Goal: Taskposé
Build an associative window manager
Group of related windows
Movement occurs asheuristics are updated withadditional knowledge
06 June 2006 15Honors Thesis
Demo
06 June 2006 16Honors Thesis
06 June 2006 17Honors Thesis
06 June 2006 18Honors Thesis
06 June 2006 19Honors Thesis
06 June 2006 20Honors Thesis
Association and Importance Related windows appear closer
together the more related Taskposé believes them to be.
Important windows appear larger and stay put, while unimportant windows shrink and move more.
06 June 2006 21Honors Thesis
Implementation
Proof of Concept: not an algorithms thesis WindowRank Weighted Associations
06 June 2006 22Honors Thesis
Evaluation
Weeklong user study Found a high likelihood of
integrating a “perfect” version of the system into regular work practice Median 6/7 on a Likert scale
06 June 2006 23Honors Thesis
Evaluation Cont’d
In interviews, confirmed that the visualization strategy was viable
None suggested that strict task groupings would have been preferred, or brought them up at all
06 June 2006 24Honors Thesis
Evaluation Cont’d Again
Scaling System most useful when open
windows outstripped the capacity of the taskbar
Algorithms Importance and relationship tracking
algorithms were “passable” Classes of problems: parent-child
relationships, multiple simultaneous tasks
06 June 2006 25Honors Thesis
Future Directions
Rethinking of classical machine learning algorithms
Other instantiations of the same idea One-dimensional Distance scaling
06 June 2006 26Honors Thesis
Thank you!
Jeff Shrager Symbolic Systems Program and
Honors College (esp. Todd Davies) Terry Winograd, Scott Klemmer, Erica Robles, Victoria
Bellotti, Jim Thornton, Ed Chi, Duke Hutchings, Simone Stumpf, Jon Herlocker, Thomas Dietterich and the TaskTracer team, Greg Smith, Mary Czerwinski, Pat Langley, Stephen Voida, Jim Hollan, Adam Perer and Bjoern Hartmann
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