spiceworks it boot camp - pt. 1

Bandwidth is Expensive.Are you getting the most out of your money?

Cymphonix makes it easy to automate your Internet security

∙ Filter web content and applications Stop spyware and malware∙

∙ Monitor user activity in real-time Control applications for faster ∙performance

∙Prioritize bandwidth for websites and applications you want to go fast

Cymphonix makes it easy to automate your Internet security

∙ Filter web content and applications Stop spyware and malware∙

∙ Monitor user activity in real-time Control applications for faster ∙performance

∙Prioritize bandwidth for websites and applications you want to go fast

www.cymphonix.com

IT Boot Camp: Pt1 - Networking

IT Bootcamp Part 1Designing an SMB Network

Network Design Principles Layering and Hierarchical Design Patterns VLANs IP Addressing Wireless

Network Access Control NAC methods Physical Security Switch security

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Hierarchical design Design your network in layers Modular in nature Design elements can be replicated Transition points can be identified easily Simple to understand Provide for network growth Fault tolerance

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Three layers Core Distribution Access

* Image Credit: http://www.ciscopress.com/content/images/sam_bruno_ccda/elementLinks/da270401.gif

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Core layer High-speed backbone

of the network High reliability Redundancy Limited diameter

(when using routers at the core layer)

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Distribution layer Demarcation between

core and access layers

Policy, security, and VLAN routing occurs here

Filtering (by source/destination and input/output)

Static Routing QOS

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Access layer Provides user access

to network segments Wireless Access

Points

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

The layers do not necessarily need to be implemented as distinct physical devices Each layer can be

implemented in routers and switches, or in single devices (layer 3 switches capable of routing switched packets)

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Less fault-tolerant and does not take advantage of all of the features of a fully hierarchical network design

Less expensive and less complex

Appropriate for very small networks

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design - VLANs

VLANs allow for network nodes to be assigned to a particular network segment even when not located on the same switch

Implemented in order to segment networks logically rather than physically (using routers)

Allows for reassignment via software rather than by physically moving a device

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design - VLANs

Types of VLANs Static

AKA port-based VLANs Individual ports mapped to VLAN Must be manually maintained

Dynamic Switch ports assigned to VLANs dynamically Assignments based on characteristics such as MAC

address or username Achieved via software such as VQP and VMPS

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

When designing a hierarchical network, design from the inside out

When starting with the access layer, you can more accurately gauge capacity needs

Optimization at the distribution and core layers becomes easier when access needs are known

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Design in layers KISS – but try to take

advantage of as many features of a hierarchical design as feasible

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Now that you have your network designed, time to move on to IP addressing....

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

IP addressing Determine your scheme early, as this is difficult to

change later on Design should be scalable so as to meet current

and future needs Typical SMB LANs will use either the 172.16.0.0/12

or the 192.168.0.0/16 private subnets. Obviously, the 10.0.0.0/8 subnet is available, but

not too many SMB networks will require such a large address space, remember KISS

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

IP addressing Learn to subnet! Many resources available, including web-based

subnet calculators, but the benefits of being able to quickly calculate subnet values are many

http://www.subnet-calculator.com/

http://www.subnetmask.info/

http://www.learntosubnet.com/

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

IP addressing DHCP and static assignments Know where you will be placing your DHCP

server(s) – this goes back to your layered network design

Based on this, determine DHCP relay needs (switch/router capabilities, agents, etc)

Keep a manifest of statically assigned addresses, it will help keep things organized

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkNetwork Design

Now, onto wireless....

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkWireless

Wireless LAN How to fit wireless into your design so as to provide

a high level of secure service Multiple approaches available Must always be aware of security issues

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkWireless

Spiceworks Community suggests multiple methods of securing wireless

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkWireless

Simple design with single wireless AP

Connected directly to LAN

WPA2 for security

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkWireless

Simple design with single wireless AP

Connected directly to LAN

EAP/RADIUS for authentication

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkWireless

More complex design using VLANs

Wireless AP connected to an isolated VLAN

WPA2 for access to wireless, VPN for access to LAN

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkWireless

Other security methods MAC filtering Dynamic VLANs hosted by the AP WEP (don't use) Proprietary systems

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkAccess Control

Network Access Control

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkAccess Control

Network Admissions/Access Control Policy enforcement

Role management End-point compliance

User Access Management Enforce policy based on authenticated user ID

Attack vector mitigation By enforcing end-point compliance, networks can be

protected from systems that may be harboring malicious software or be in a vulnerable state

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkAccess Control

Network Admissions/Access Control Pre-admission control

Clients are inspected prior to being granted access to the network

Criteria such as up-to-date AV, service packs, etc Post-admission control

Enforcement based on user actions

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkAccess Control

Network Admissions/Access Control Can be managed by devices devoted specifically to

either out-of-band or in-band management In-band systems act like firewalls, enforcing policy

prior to accessing the switch Out-of-band systems control switches directly and

enforce policy based upon information received from clients – often via the use of remote agents

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkAccess Control

Physical Security Secure all cable plants, IDF closets, and server

rooms Disable unused ports, or place them into a specific

VLAN designed for unused ports (no layer 3 access)

Secure wireless access points so they cannot be tampered with or have their network access cables disconnected

Part 1: Setting Up Your NetworkAccess Control

Switch security Disable any and all unused protocols (SSH, telnet,

HTTP(s), etc) When using VLANs, ensure that trunking is

disabled for all ports that do not require it, and ensure that all VLAN ID's used for trunks are distinct from any port numbers

Use MAC address filtering where appropriate

Bandwidth is Expensive.Are you getting the most out of your money?

Cymphonix makes it easy to automate your Internet security

∙ Filter web content and applications Stop spyware and malware∙

∙ Monitor user activity in real-time Control applications for faster ∙performance

∙Prioritize bandwidth for websites and applications you want to go fast

Cymphonix makes it easy to automate your Internet security

∙ Filter web content and applications Stop spyware and malware∙

∙ Monitor user activity in real-time Control applications for faster ∙performance

∙Prioritize bandwidth for websites and applications you want to go fast

www.cymphonix.com

IT Boot Camp: Pt1 - Networking