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Spectrum

Ho Kyung Kimhokyung@pusan.ac.kr

Pusan National University

Introduction to Medical Engineering

• wavelength vs. frequency• photon• kV vs. keV• ionizing radiation• spectrum

2

Visible light

• Electromagnetic (EM) radiation with wavelengths between 400 and 700 nm• Each wavelength corresponds to a different color

– Monochromatic vs. polychromatic colors– Monoenergetic vs. polyenergetic energy– Spectrum

• Spectroscopy

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Frequency is equivalent to an energy

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• Waves– The speed of EM radiation is constant– 𝑐 𝜆𝜈 (m  Hz = m  cycles/s = m  s‐1)– e.g., What is the frequency (𝜈) of blue light with a wavelength (𝜆) of 400 nm?

• 𝜈 / /

7.5 10 s 7.5 10 Hz

• Particles– Photons: the discrete (particle‐like) packets (or quanta) of EM energy

– 𝐸 ℎ𝜈• ℎ = Plancks constant = 6.626 10 J s = 4.136 10 keV s

– 𝐸 keV .

or 𝐸 eV .

X‐ray spectrum as a function of wavelength

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frequency (Hz) or energy (eV or keV)

X‐ray spectrum as a function of energy

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Wrap‐up

• wavelength vs. frequency• photon• kV vs. keV• ionizing radiation• spectrum

9

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