spatial analysis cy woods high school 2012/13. what is geography? the study of the distribution and...

SPATIAL ANALYSIS

Cy Woods High School

2012/13

What is Geography? the study of the distribution and interaction

between the physical and human (cultural) features on the Earth.

Ask 2 questions:

2 major branches:The “father of Geography” and the first to successfully measure the circumference of the Earth?

Erastosthones

Thinking Spatially

Geography deals with space. Where things are and why they are

located there.

Looking for

(space)

Geographer’s Tools

Advantages vs. globes?

Disadvantages vs. globes?

They are flat and portable

Some properties will be distorted

Geographer’s Tools

Advantages vs. maps?

Disadvantages vs. maps?

Size and shapes have the correct properties

Can’t see small scales and can’t carry around

Geographer’s Tools

Pinpoints exact location

Geographer’s Tools

Layers information

Map basics

Drag the word to thecorrect place on the map.

Square, checkerboard or quilt pattern usually indicate agriculture (different greens equal different types of crops)

Rivers, streams, and bayous appear as wavy lines (irregular, wavy=nature). If image has color, water is usually but not always colored blue or dark grey.

Light grey = populations, development, urbanization (straight lines = infrastructure, man made)

Brown, light tan is usually an indication of soil exposure (as in clearing for development, planting or natural settings such as deserts and beaches)

Darker shades typically indicate thicker vegetation or deeper water

Lighter shades typically indicate sparse vegetation or more shallow water (may also show soil erosion in water)

“Reading”

GIS ImageryHouston, Texas

Drag labels to show the corresponding feature on the GIS image

Bush Intercontinental

Airport

Galveston Bay

Rural areas

Downtown Houston

http://www.wpmap.org/physical-map-of-africa/

Drag labels to show the corresponding feature on the GIS image

Saharadesert

Mt. Kilimanjaro volcano

Lake Victoriawater

Great Rift Valley elevation change

Suez Canalchokepoint

Congo Basinvegetation

Nile River water

Can you match the label to the correct image?

Nile River

Mediterranean Sea

Hawaii

California

Great Salt Lake

Andes Mountains

Rocky Mountains

Aral SeaSahara

ItalySpain

Key Concept

The Internet, GPS, and GIS have influenced the way we study the Earth.

5 Themes of Geography

Movement: how people, goods, and ideas move

DIFFUSION

5 Themes of Geography

Movement: how else do people, goods, and ideas move?

5 Themes of Geography

Movement: Push factors vs. Pull factors.

ex. push factors ex. of pull factors

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

Global Movements of People

Developing

ex. ??? Which direction are immigrants moving?

Global Movements of People

Rural

Why do people live where they do?

Explain how climate impacts where people live.

Population Density

Temperate Zones

Why do people live where they do?

Explain how landforms impact where people live.

Why do people live where they do?

Explain how urbanization impacts where people live.

Why do people live where they do?

Explain how transportation impacts where people live.

Why do people live where they do?

Explain how resources impact where people live.

Why do people live where they do?

Explain how economic activities impact where people live.

PrimarySecondaryTertiary Quaternary

Where would people most likely live on the map below?

Where would peoplebe least likelyto live?

How did the physical geography of the U.S. impact where people settled?

Appalachian Mnts.

Rocky Mnts.

Key Concept

Physical features and environmental conditions influence migration patters.

Key Concept

Physical features have influenced the size and distribution of settlements.

Key Concept

Urbanization, transportation, resources and economic activities have changed settlement patterns.

Key Concept

When cities lose their function, size and population goes down.

Sample Question

Which of the following best describes the changes in patterns of settlement in the U.S. from 1790 to 2006?

A. The U.S. is a rural nation due to the availability of fertile soil and mild climate.

B. The U.S. became an urbanized nation due to the growth in manufacturing and transportation.

C. Since the 1990s, population density of the U.S. is the highest in the Breadbasket region.

D. Over time, population density has increased in the interior regions of the U.S.

5 Themes of Geography

Regions: share some characteristic

Types of regions 1. formal 2. perceptual 3. functional

What type of region is pictured below?

A. FormalB. FunctionalC. PerceptualD. Natural

What economic activity is this region known for?

Key Concept

There are formal, functional, and perceptual regions.

5 Themes of Geography

Place: What makes a place significant or unique.

What is unique about the Middle East?

Key Concept

Every place and region has something that makes it significant or unique.

Regions of Texas

What are the characteristicsof these regions?

Regions of the U.S.

What are the characteristicsof these regions?

The Northeast

Known for urbanization (NY, Philadelphia, Boston, Washington D.C.)

American megalopolis (BosWash)

The Midwest

Known for agricultural production (“Breadbasket”)

Sunbelt and Rustbelt

Population boomed in the Sunbelt and South with the invention of air conditioning

Key Concept

Physical features and environmental conditions influenced the distribution of culture groups today.

Key Concept

Technological innovations like A/C and desalination have allowed humans to adapt to places.

Northwest

Known for being rainy because of mountains near the coast.

Key Concept

Things like climate, vegetation, language, trade networks, political units, river systems and religions can all be used to describe different regions.

5 Themes of Geography

Location: