south west chicken association conference 23 rd april 2013

South West Chicken Association

Conference

23rd April 2013

“Technical Chickens”

Alan Thomson

“Chickens” are “Chickens” ???

Inputs

Inputs

• Management• Nutrition• Genetics• Environment• Health

• Temp• Weight loss• Contamination• Hatch time• Processing

• Quality• Weight• Contamination• Handling• Storage

• Appetite• Water• Environment• Nutrition• Health

Chick Start

First 7 Days

Optimal Environmental Control

Flock Uniformity

Lighting

Feed Quality Bio security

Egg Handling

Bodyweight Control

Feed Distribution

Vaccination

Stress

Gut HealthWater

Flock Transfer

Male Management

Flock Health

Chick Quality

Chick Start

First 7 Days

Optimal Environmental Control

Flock Uniformity

Lighting

Feed Quality Bio security

Egg Handling

Bodyweight Control

Feed Distribution

Vaccination

Stress

Gut HealthWater

Flock Transfer

Male Management

Flock Health

Chick Quality

Inputs

Inputs

56 days

Inputs

21 days

37 %

Inputs

35 days 63%

Inputs

42 days + 17%

Eaglesfield trials : Days to 2.2 Kg

25

30

35

40

45

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Inputs

Weight, FCR, Yield

Genetic Trends - Bodyweight

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Genetic Trends - FCR

1.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.75

1.8

1.85

1.9

1.95

2

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Genetic Trends - Breast Yield

17.0

17.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

21.0

21.5

22.0

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Weight, FCR, Yield

Genetic Trends - Bodyweight

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Genetic Trends - FCR

1.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.75

1.8

1.85

1.9

1.95

2

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Genetic Trends - Breast Yield

17.0

17.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

21.0

21.5

22.0

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Inputs

Feed (fuel)

• Protein

• Energy

660 grams

10,500 kcal

10

Inputs

Assuming no water wastage !

595 45 Gallon Drums

122,000 Litres

610,000 Litres

122 Tonnes

610 Tonnes

20,000 Broilers

100,000 Broilers

How ? – The Gut

Crop

Proventriculus

Duodenum

Jejunum

Ileum

Cloaca

Caeca

Colon

Gizzard

How ?

How ? – The Gut

How ? – The Gut

First 7 DaysChick Start Gut Health Stress

First 7 DaysChick Start Gut Health Stress

Effect of 7d weight on 35d weight

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220

7d weight (g)

35d

liv

ew

eig

ht

(g)

Males Females

Effect of early feed intake on 7 day weight

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

190

200

100 120 140 160 180 200 220

7d Weight (g)

7d

Fe

ed

in

take

(g

)

First 7 DaysChick Start Gut Health Stress

Growth FCR

Delayed chicks don’t catch-up!

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0 5 10 15

Age, days

Bo

dy w

eig

ht,

g

delay=0

delay=24h

-13.2g

110g

(Pinchasov & Noy, 1993)

First 7 DaysChick Start Gut Health Stress

Environmental

Management

Nutritional

Health

First 7 DaysChick Start Gut Health Stress

Environmental

Management

Nutritional

Health

dysbacteriosis

Inputs

Weight, FCR, Yield

Genetic Trends - Bodyweight

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Genetic Trends - FCR

1.5

1.55

1.6

1.65

1.7

1.75

1.8

1.85

1.9

1.95

2

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Genetic Trends - Breast Yield

17.0

17.5

18.0

18.5

19.0

19.5

20.0

20.5

21.0

21.5

22.0

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Management Challenge

More efficient

80

85

90

95

100

105

1993 1997 2001

%

days

feed

- 12%

- 17%

Shorter time and less feed volume Shorter time and less feed volume needed to achieve target weightneeded to achieve target weight

2001 20132006

Control

MANAGEMENT TASK !

Control

AD LIB

0

20

40

60

80

100

15 25 35 45 55

Critical Inputs

• Nutrition• Genetics• Health• Management

• Temp• Weight loss• Contamination• Hatch time• Processing

• Quality• Weight• Contamination• Handling• Storage

• Bodyweight Control• Flock Uniformity• Appetite• Water• Equipment• Environment• Chick Starts• Male Management• Bio-security• Lighting• Feeding

Critical Inputs

• Nutrition• Genetics• Health• Management

• Temp• Weight loss• Contamination• Hatch time• Processing

• Quality• Weight• Contamination• Handling• Storage

• Bodyweight Control• Flock Uniformity• Appetite• Water• Equipment• Environment• Chick Starts• Male Management• Bio-security• Lighting• Feeding

UniformityBodyweight Control Appetite Feeding

UniformityBodyweight Control Appetite Feeding

25g Protein

500 Kcal

• When a mammal embryo develops in the womb it can be influenced by the quality of nutrition of the mother

• In an chicken that is complete by the time the egg starts incubation

“Technical” Chickens !