sop_responding natural disasters_rural water
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Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation,Government of India
Rural drinking water supplyand sanitation 2011SO
PStandard Operating Proceduresor responding to natural disasters
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UNICEF's support is duly acknowledged
COVER PHOTO CREDITS
UNICEF/2001/NY
UNICEF/2002/Biwas
UNICEF/2004/Das
UNICEF/2005/Amit Vitale
UNICEF/2008/Ferguson
UNICEF/2008/Jorge
UNICEF/2009/Biswas
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Contents
1
1.0 Introduction ................................................................................................................................7 1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.2 Objectives ......................................................................................................................................... 9
2.0 National Level ........................................................................................................................11 2.1 Institutional Mechanism ............................................................................................................... 12
2.2 Preparedness ................................................................................................................................. 13
2.3 Early Warning ................................................................................................................................. 13
2.4 Response & Relief ......................................................................................................................... 14
2.5 Role of NGOs / UN Organizations .............................................................................................. 14
3.0 State / Union Territories Level ................................................................................17 3.1 Institutional Mechanism ............................................................................................................... 18
3.2 Preparedness ................................................................................................................................. 19
3.3 Best practices on Preparedness ................................................................................................ 20
3.4 Early Warning ................................................................................................................................. 21
3.5 Best practices on Early Warning ................................................................................................ 22
3.6 Response & Relief ......................................................................................................................... 23
3.7 Role of NGOs / UN Organizations .............................................................................................. 23
4.0 District / Block Level.......................................................................................................
25 4.1 Institutional Mechanism ............................................................................................................... 26
4.2 Preparedness ................................................................................................................................. 26
4.3 Early Warning ................................................................................................................................. 27
4.4 Trigger Mechanism ....................................................................................................................... 27
4.5 Response & Relief ......................................................................................................................... 27
4.6 Best practices on response ......................................................................................................... 29
5.0 Panchayat / Village Level............................................................................................31 5.1 Institutional Mechanism ............................................................................................................... 32
5.2 Preparedness ................................................................................................................................. 33
5.3 Early Warning ................................................................................................................................. 335.4 Trigger Mechanism ....................................................................................................................... 33
5.5 Role of NGOs / UN Organizations .............................................................................................. 34
6.0 Technical Annexures ......................................................................................................37Annexure - I, Key Technical Preparedness ......................................................................................... 38
Annexure - II, Strategic Activity Planner for Drought Preparedness.............................................. 41
Annexure - III, Strategic Activity Planner for Early Warning............................................................ 41
Annexure - IV, Key Response Measures ............................................................................................. 42
Annexure - V, Early Warning Nodal Agencies .................................................................................... 44
Annexure - VI, Important Nodal Agencies Contact Details ............................................................. 45
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Natural disasters oten put a vast majority o the population at health risk, claim human lives,
devastate household property and public inrastructure. Almost all o the States o India are
vulnerable to at least some o the natural calamities, including cyclone, ood, tsunami, drought,
earthquake etc. Climate change is also now exacerbating disasters, both in terms o numbers and
complexity. Almost all types o natural disasters can lead to situations o large scale displacement o
communities whose health is at risk due to disruption o basic services like drinking water sanitation,
health care, ood supply etc.
Water supply and sanitation in particular, oten become the most crucial needs o the disaster-aected
population, especially women and children. The onslaught o natural disasters may lead to outbreak
o epidemics like cholera, diarrheal diseases, dengue, malaria, typhoid etc. It is possible to mitigate,i not prevent, the adverse impact o disasters, by planned disaster risk reduction interventions on
water supply, sanitation and hygiene by Government and other stakeholders.
The Ministry o Drinking Water and Sanitation keeps apart a certain percentage o unds (now 2
%) under NRDWP or assisting the States to mitigate drinking water problem in rural areas in the
wake o natural calamities. Through long years o experience, many States have prepared drought
manuals, scarcity manuals, ood or earthquake manuals which serve as ready reckoners or
immediate response in the wake o such natural calamities.
The Ministry o Home Aairs, the designated nodal agency or coordinating response and relie
in the atermath o natural disaster, has requested all Central Ministries/ State Governments toprepare detailed Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in consonance with national SOP, national
policy and various guidelines issued by National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) or their
sectors. Based on this, the Ministry o Drinking Water and Sanitation had prepared drat SOP that was
fnalized with the support o UNICEF. The drat SOP so fnalized was shared with NDMA and State
Governments. The fnal SOP incorporating the comments received has now been prepared.
SecretaryGovernment of India
Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
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247, A Wing, Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi-110108
Tel. : 23061207, 23061245 Fax : 23062715
E-mail : secydws@nic.in
Website : www.ddws.nic.in
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VILASINI RAMACHANDRAN
FOREWORD
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The SOP lays down in a comprehensive manner the specifc actions required to be taken at State,
District, block and village level in responding to natural disasters o any magnitude and dimension.
The SOP will serve as a tool or Government and other stakeholders or understanding the
institutional mechanism and the steps to be taken or coordinated disaster management at all levels.
This SOP document has clearly brought out the roles and responsibilities o various stakeholders
in providing water, sanitation and hygiene services during dierent phases o disasters. The SOP
also clearly lists down the actions to be undertaken by the individual ofcers (or example EE, AEE,
AE and JE) beore, during and ater disasters. With this SOP, the ofcers at all levels will be better
inormed and equipped to prepare or, respond to and recover rom the impact o disasters.
It is made clear that this SOP is not an exhaustive list o the actions that are required to be taken,neither is it to be taken as mandatory or injunctive in nature. This SOP is meant to guide the State
Government, District Administrations in responding better in maintaining the basic services o
drinking water and sanitation during natural disasters.
The State Government are encouraged to prepare their own State SOP or Rural Drinking Water
and Sanitation, in case they have not already prepared them by appropriately modiying this SOP.
States are also encouraged to print sufcient number o copies o the SOP in the State language,
disseminate them and take up training programmes on it or the concerned ofcials, elected
representatives, CSOs and other.
(Vilasini Ramachandran)
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4
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AE Assistant Engineer
BRC Block Resource CentreBIS Bureau o Indian Standards
BMTPC Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council
CCDU Communication and Capacity Development Unit
CSO Civil Society Organization
CR Control Room
CE Chie Engineer
CRF Calamity Relie Fund
CMP Crisis Management Plan
MDWS Ministry o Drinking Water and Sanitation
DM District Magistrate
DM Disaster Management
DC District Collector
DWSM District Water and Sanitation Mission
DDMA District Disaster Management Authority
ECC Emergency Command Centre
ESF Emergency Support Functions
GSI Geological Survey o India
IMD Indian Meteorological Department
IAG Inter Agency Group
IC Incident Commander
JE Junior Engineer
MHA Ministry o Home Aairs
NIDM National Institute o Disaster Management
NDMA National Disaster Management Authority
NDRF National Disaster Response Fund
NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Program
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
PRED Panchayat Raj Engineering Department
PHED Public Health Engineering Department
PRI Panchayat Raj Institutions
RD Department o Rural Development
RWSS Rural Water Supply and Sanitation
SDMA State Disaster Management Authority
SDRF State Disaster Response Fund
SDMC State Disaster Mitigation Committee
SHG Sel Help Groups
SOP Standard Operating Procedures
SWSM State Water and Sanitation Mission
ULB Urban Local Bodies
URS Unifed Response Strategy
UTs Union Territories
WSSO Water and Sanitation Support Organization
ZP Zilla Parishad
Acronyms
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UNICEF/2008/Ferguson
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The term disaster implies a natural
unoreseen calamity which would have a wider
impact on human lie, property and assets
created. Sae drinking water is one o the
basic needs and without its availability in
adequate quality and quantity, there could be
serious impacts on human and animal health.
Drought could lead to scarcity o water due to
depletion o ground water table and / or drying
up o surace water sources. It could also lead
to ailure / damage o pumps due to increased
suction head. Disasters like ood, tsunami,
avalanche, landslide, and hailstorm could
result in wash-o / damage o water supply
assets created, thus resulting in disruption
o supply o sae drinking water. Thereore in
any type o disaster, proper management o
drinking water supply to the aected people
on an immediate basis is an essential
requirement. Maintaining environmentalsanitation and individual hygiene are also
equally important to reduce / eliminate chances
o disease prevalence / outbreak o epidemics.
1.1 Scope
i) This standard operating procedure will
include all unctions pertaining to disaster
prevention, institutional mechanism,
preparedness, early warning, relie, recovery
and rehabilitation.
ii) This standard operating procedure will
apply to RWSS Department / PHED / PRED /
Sanitation departments / Board dealing with
rural water supply and sanitation or natural
disasters that the State is prone to.
iii) It shall not be applicable to nuclear,
biological and chemical disasters.
Introduction
Chapter 1.0
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1.2 Objectives
The objective o the SOP document is to
minimize the loss o lives and social, private and
community assets because o natural disasters:
i) By providing efcient systems or
cooperation and collaboration among all the
departments / agencies o the Governments
at all levels including State / district
administration and NGOs.
ii) Building capacities o communities and line
departments at national / state / district /
village levels in eective preparedness,
response & relie.
iii) To ensure quick and eective response
during disasters to minimize casualties
and enable quick recovery, restorationand rehabilitation o water and sanitation
acilities without delay.
This manual is prepared in order to assist
everyone in the rural water and sanitation
department and SWSM, DWSM, NGOs and
the community, whether at the national, state,
district or at other levels. It also indicates
actions that need to be taken in collaboration
with other departments at various levels. This
document explains, or each category o sta,
exactly what they are responsible or, and what
steps they should take beore, during and ater
a disaster.
These are standard guidelines or sta at all
levels so that they may take action immediately.
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UNICEF/2008/Ferguson
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Chapter 2.0
National Level
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Committee, unds would be released rom
NDRF / SDRF or items admissible under NDRF
guidelines and rom 5% NRDWP Calamities und
or items not admissible under NDRF.
Key responsibilities o MDWS
Coordination Mechanism MDWS will participate in all technical
coordination and linkages with State rural
development departments, SDMAs, NGOs,
international agencies etc.
At National level, MDWS in coordination
with concerned national and international
agencies will inorm departmental
contingency / preparedness plans to
concerned nodal ofcers in NDMA to avoid
or minimize overlap and duplication o
eorts and improve coordination.
All agencies involved in emergency relie and
disaster management activities will have tooperate within the ramework laid down in
disaster management policy and other related
laws, codes and government notifcations in
orce and guidelines issued rom time to time.
National Level
Organogram o existing PHED / RD structure
2.1 Institutional Mechanism
At the National level, the Ministry o Home Aairs
/ Ministry o Agriculture (only or drought, pest
attack and hailstorm) are the nodal ministries or
management o disasters in the country.
The Ministry o Drinking Water & Sanitation
(MDWS) will be responsible or providing
technical and fnancial support to State
RWSS / PHED / Board while responding to
natural calamities or restoration o damaged
water supply and sanitation systems. Upon
receipt o a memorandum rom the State
Governments seeking additional Central
assistance in the wake o any calamity and
o the constitution o Inter-Ministerial Central
Teams, MDWS will depute an ofcer who is
competent to understand the situation and can
join the Central team or conducting damage
assessment. Subsequently he / she will de-briethe nodal Ministry and MDWS o any relie
assistance required under the NDRF / NRDWP
norms to the State. On the recommendations
o Inter Ministerial Group and High Level
Chapter 2.0
GOI
SDMA
SWSM
State RWSS PHED
DDMA (DC / DM)DWSMZP
Block PHEDBlock Resource
Centres (BRC)
District PHED
WSSO identifed Key
Resource Cantres at state
and district level
GOI identifed Key Resouce
Centres at national and
regional level
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State Resource Analysis
Indian Disaster Resource Network [IDRN State database]:
A web-enabled centralized database or the IDRN is operational. IDRN is a decision-making tool
or Government administrators and crisis managers to coordinate eective emergency response
operations in the shortest possible time. The network will enable quick access to resources to
minimize response time in emergencies. The system gives the location o specifc equipments /
specialist resources as well as the controlling authority or that resource so that it can be
mobilized or response in the shortest possible time. The database will be made available at the
district, state and national levels and will be used or all emergencies and day-to-day operations.
Hazard Analysis:
A detailed analysis o the hazards likely to impact the water and sanitation systems o the state
will be carried out by the Public Health Engineering Departments / Water boards in charge
o rural drinking water supply and sanitation, in consultation with the experts rom the feld.
Hazard assessment is concerned with the properties o the hazard itsel. The Vulnerability Atlas
o India, developed by Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC), Govt o
India, will be used as the baseline or all analyses. The comprehensive hazard assessment o the
State prepared by the SDMA should also be used or urther reerence.
2.2 Preparedness
The most important component o preparedness
is planning or all hazards. The plans have to be
linked with those o other support departments,
and also at various levels. Experience has
shown that destruction rom natural hazards
can be minimized by the presence o a well
unctioning warning system, combined with
preparedness on the part o the vulnerable
community. A community that is prepared
to ace disasters receives and understands
warnings o impending hazards and has taken
precautionary and mitigation measures will be
able to cope better and resume their normal
lie sooner.
Key departmental preparedness
MDWS will technically advice state
PHED / RWSS departments with equipments
/ resources used or emergency water and
sanitation during response.
MDWS will identiy key institutions / resource
centres / ATIs including those run by non-
governmental agencies or human resource
development and training or the state
departments. A detailed plan or capacity
building will be prepared.
MDWS must have disaster management
plans to tackle L31 disaster situations.
MDWS will maintain a roster o personnel
whose services might be required or making
assessment o disasters.
MDWS will develop manuals on water
conservation / recharging as part o
preparedness measure.
2.3 Early Warning
The early warning systems or dierent
disasters should be in place so that the
concerned administrative machinery (MDWS) at
National level can initiate appropriate actions to
minimize loss o lie and property. These should
give an indication o the level o magnitude o
the mobilization required by the responders.
The goal o any warning system is to maximize
the number o people who take appropriate and
timely action or the saety o lie and property.
1 L3 disaster situations are those that arise from large scale disasters where districts and the state may not have the capacityto respond adequately and require assistance from central government.
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Key departmental responsibilities
MDWS will contact various Nodal Agencies
at National level mandated or disseminating
early warning bulletins.
MDWS will depute one ofcer or monitoringearly warning bulletins and scheduling
conerence calls with States or situation
briefng to Secretary MDWS.
2.4 Response & Relie
MDWS shall monitor the activities
o the concerned State Government
Department dealing with rural water supply
and sanitation.
I necessary MDWS will depute Technical
experts / Ofcers to assist State RWSS
department and also conduct a quick
assessment o the situation.
Financial assistance rom the calamity und
available under 5% NRDWP can be allocated
subject to approved procedure as ad-hoc
calamity unds immediately in case o major
emergency situations.
2.5 Role o NGOs / UNOrganizations
The strong feld presence o many NGOs at the
national, state, district and sub-district levels
and even extending to remote settlements in
hard to reach areas indicate the high credibility
and acceptability within the local communities.
The strong contact with local communitygroups like Sel Help Groups (SHGs), youth
groups, village water and sanitation committees
(VWSC) and their participation in the local
level implementation o governments agship
programmes contribute signifcantly at the
grass root level.
Key responsibilities at National Level
Support MDWS or setting up GO-NGO
Inter-agency Coordination platorm during
non-emergency times to ensure appropriate
coordination with key humanitarian actorsduring the times o disaster response.
Assist MDWS towards development, piloting,
validation and updating o National level
water and sanitation contingency and
preparedness plans.
Support MDWS to standardize norms,
designs and standards or emergency water
and sanitation during emergency response.
Facilitate and support detailed assessment
on feld driven needs and capacities at
National level.
Assist MDWS to establish linkages with
authorities or GIS monitoring o Water
points in states as part o preparedness
measure to calamities and provide last mile
connectivity or early warning dissemination.
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UNICEF/2009/Sampson
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Chapter 3.0
State / UnionTerritories Level
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In the atermath o a disaster, the primary
responsibility or undertaking rescue, relie and
rehabilitation measures rests with the concerned
State / UT governments. As the frst step towards
a coordinated disaster response mechanism, the
State / UTs will have a clear cut organizational
structure with the ollowing designated rural
water supply & sanitation nodal ofcers.
3.1 Institutional Mechanism
At the State level, State Water Sanitation
Mission (SWSM) under the State Disaster
Management Authority (SDMA) and State
Executive Committees (SEC) will be the basis
or coordination o emergency support relating
to drinking water supply and sanitation.
Nodal oicers or RWSS in an event oEmergency
Level Nodal Ofcer
State / UTs Secretary in-charge o Rural
Drinking Water Supply and
Sanitation Department, State
Government level.
Engineer in Chie / Chie
Engineer, at PHED State level.
District SE / EE, RWSS / ZP
Block / Panchayat AEE / AE / JE, RWSS / ZP
Key duties o SWSM
SWSM must support SDMA on overall
coordination o emergency water &
sanitation response.
SWSM shall work under the overall
direction o SDMA and in coordination with
State Executive Committee convened by
Secretary (DM).
SWSM shall meet at least once beore the
expected normal commencement o a ood /
drought and thereater as requently as may
be necessary.
WSSO should be entrusted with the task
o raming technical guidelines and IEC /
HRD strategy or water and sanitation in
emergencies.
SWSM may set up Disaster Control Rooms
(DCRs) at the RWSS ofces in State,
District and other levels and monitor
their unctioning SWSM must review RWSS needs and
strategies or eective emergency response.
SWSM must review position o stock
and arrangements or procurement o
essential supplies.
SWSM must monitor responses to the
emergency and impact thereo;
In case drinking water supply and sanitation
are dealt with by two departments, they
should work in close consultation with
each other.
State Resource Analysis
Human Resource / expertise analysis:
States will identiy the human resources available or disaster management. The institutions
or human resource development and training run by the Government and also those run by
Non-Governmental Organizations will be identifed and a detailed plan or capacity building
will be chalked out by the State department, involving all relevant institutions & departments.
The State will also maintain a roster o proessionals whose services might be required in
management o disasters.
State / Union Territories Level
Chapter 3.0
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3.2 Preparedness
The State must make concerted eorts to
put in place a mechanism ocused towards
preparedness at all levels, or all disasters that
the State is vulnerable to. The eort will reduceloss o lives, livelihood and property to the
extent possible in the event o a disaster.
At the State level, the Principal Secretary /
Secretary, RWSS Department shall be the
State Nodal Ofcer and shall coordinate
the response o the RWSS Department to
the disaster. The Engineer-in-Chie / Chie
Engineer, RWSS / PHED shall implement
the emergency support unctions relating
to drinking water supply and sanitation.
I sanitation is being looked ater by a separate
department then the two may work in close
consultation with each other.
Responsibilities o Secretary, StateRWSS / PHED
Coordinate vulnerability hazard analysis
exercise conducted in districts.
Will set-up linkages with WSSO on guidance
or raming technical guidelines and IEC /
HRD strategy or managing disasters. For Drought, will ensure all necessary steps
are taken beore 30th June every year or
drought preparedness
Will ensure that inventory o water
supply and sanitation materials and spare
parts as may be required by the district
Superintending Engineer / Executive
Engineer in an event o disaster is
made available. Have a roster o RWSS sta to be deployed
rom other areas to any aected region to
cope with the requirements o the aected
areas in consultation with EE / SE.
Will ensure setting up o central / divisional
/ sub-divisional / sectional stores or
emergency water and sanitation supplies.
Will set up monitoring / documentation
mechanisms or situation reporting to the
SDMA / SEC.
Will ensure ormulation o state disaster
management plan based on vulnerability
analysis or each district or the rural drinking
water and sanitation sector.
Will ensure all relie codes be strengthened
to include measures or stockpiling o water
disinection tablets and essential water
and sanitation equipments. These should be
maintained at the govt. warehouse or the
delivery o sae drinking water during crisis.
To avoid delays in proper coordination,
the State Secretary, RWSS Department
may sign a MoU / Partnership with stateIAG (Inter Agency Group) and United
Nations or multi-layer coordination
during emergencies.
Specic attention to Water User Groups as part o Drought Preparedness
Potential Actions
Leak repair
Non-essential water use
restriction
Pressure reduction
Mandatory water conservation
Emergency source enhancement
Water User Groups
Public water supplies
Municipal waste or agriculture
Industry (Inrastructure, ood
processing etc.)
Power production (Hydro electric)
Recreation (Parks, ountains etc.)
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Earthquake Preparedness in Gujarat
Hazard Saety Cells:The Gujarat Government has established a Hazard Saety Cell within the Public Works
Department in order to establish competency in hazard resistant design o building and
structures as well as restoration and retroftting o buildings and structures. The Hazard Saety
Cell will perorm the ollowing unctions:
Training, acquisition o published books and documents, building codes, guidelines and
manuals, documentaries and flms on the subject o disasters.
Preparation o checklists or quick review o new designs, to be adopted or buildings and
structures to be constructed in the state.
The Cell will act as an advisory cell to the State Govts on dierent aspects o building saety
against the hazards.
Earthquake Preparedness in Maharastra
Swayam Shikshan Prayog (SSP), a network o womens groups in Maharastra, trained women
to work in construction jobs and promoted disaster-resistant construction techniques ollowing
the Latur earthquake. Together with the Sel-Employed Womens Association, the SSP also
promoted womens training and employment in the wake o Gujarat earthquake.
There has been an inspiring saga o the strength and energy o womens groups here.
Wherever they have worked, the rate o completion o houses has been very successul. Theyhave strong knowledge about beams, lintel, plinth, brackets, retroftting and related technical
terms. They can say whether a house has been constructed properly. They have designed their
own houses with modifcations.
Drought Preparedness in Rajasthan
Weather Watch Group (WWG):
Rajasthan has set up a Weather Watch Group under the chairmanship o Relie Secretary having
as members, Director (Agriculture), Director (IMD), Hydrologist, Irrigation Department andrepresentative o PHED and Ground Water Department. This group meets on every Monday
during the monsoon season to monitor agro climatic parameters and help in providing early
warning o drought onset conditions. The system relays early warning o drought conditions so
as to take requisite response measures in advance.
3.3 Best practices on Preparedness
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3.4 Early Warning
The State must acknowledge the crucial
importance o quick dissemination o early
warning o impending disasters and every
possible measure must be taken to utilizethe lead-time provided or preparedness
measures. As soon as the warning o an
impending calamity is received, the E-in-C /
Chie Engineer (RWSS / PHED) at the State
must alert his counterparts in District and
Block levels. The District Collector will alert the
block and Village level Disaster Management
Committees (DMCs) and Disaster Management
Team (DMT) to disseminate the early warning
to the community. On the basis o assessment
o the severity o the disaster, the E-in-C /
Chie Engineer (RWSS) shall issue appropriate
instructions on actions to be taken including
restoration / augmentation o water sources
to the SE / Executive Engineers / Assistant
Engineers, who will then supervise responses.
At the State level, the Secretary in-charge o
RWSS Department shall be the Nodal ofcer or
coordinating the emergency support unctions
relating to drinking water supply and sanitation
under the guidance o SDMA.
The Engineer-in-Chie / Chie Engineer o RWSS
shall implement the decisions taken by the StateRWSS Department and the SDMA / SEC.
Responsibilities o E-in-C / ChieEngineer, (State Nodal Oicer, RWSS)
Must be in touch with various Nodal
Agencies at State / National level mandated
or disseminating early warning signals.
Must monitor all parameters related to various
types o threatening disaster in the State.
Upon receipt o weather warnings or
reports o actual disaster, she / he must
inorm the respective District level Member
Secretaries (DWSM)
Will share all emergency contingency
plans with SDMA or eective coordination
during emergencies.
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Best practice on Tsunami Early Warning in Tamil Nadu
The Government o Tamil Nadu, with assistance rom the UN, is implementing a pilot projecton strengthening early warning system capacities o the government and the communities. The
project is being pilot tested in Cuddalore district with strengthening o communication systems
in 55 most vulnerable villages. Along with this, about 1500 people are being trained in these
villages in appropriate responses to early warning messages. An early warning training manual
has been developed in English and Tamil and is being used in community training programmes
to create awareness on early warning systems. Ater drawing on the lessons o this initiative,
the project will be scaled up to cover select coastal areas o the our Tsunami aected states.
A study on Mapping o Early warning systems in Tamil Nadu has been undertaken and
documented. The document intends to help the Government, technical institutes and NGOs in
designing need based disaster management programmes in Tamil Nadu.
Early Drought Warning in Rajasthan
An early drought warning system exists in Rajasthan to monitor the behaviour o agro-climaticindicators like rainall, water reservoir levels and crop condition on a weekly basis rom June to
September. The early warning system called Crop weather watch group which is constituted
under the chairmanship o Relie Commissioner and Secretary enables the Govt. to intervene in
the months o July-August itsel; instead o waiting or an assessment o the damage at the end
o the cropping season (October-November).
Drought Early Warning in Gujarat
The Ground Water Department has established observation wells (Piezometers) in dierentwatersheds in the State; measurements are regularly taken every year o the water level in these
observation wells both beore and at the end o the rainy season. The department is, thereore
in a position to render advice as to the areas which are likely to suer drinking water scarcity in
the dry season in a particular year.
Traditional / Local belies on Early warning systems or Cyclone / fooding in Assam
I the moon inclines towards south it implies a orthcoming devastating ood.
I the cloud gathers in the south-west direction it indicates a probable storm, i they gathertowards the south-east direction it indicates rain and ood while in the north-west direction it
indicates normal rain.
There is a species o grass locally known as Torapat. When its new buds emerge out with
tints o silt, it indicates onset o a devastating ood.
I the moon has a red glow it indicates orthcoming torrential rainall within three days.
3.5 Best practices on Early Warning
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3.6 Response & Relie
At the State level, the Principal Secretary /
Secretary, RWSS Department shall be the State
Nodal Ofcer and shall coordinate the response
& relie operations o the RWSS Department tothe disaster.
Responsibilities o Engineer in Chie /Chie Engineer, RWSS / PHED
Will ensure setting up Emergency Control
Room in his ofce to collect, collate and
transmit inormation relating to the natural
calamities and relie operations undertaken.
Deploy sta or carrying out rapid
assessment o damage caused to drinking
water and sanitation inrastructure in aected
areas and produce update or State Disaster
Management Authority (SDMA).
Must inorm State Secretary (RWSS) on the
situation update
Under the guidance o the SDMA, CE will
give instructions to DWSM on prioritizing
water and sanitation activities
Shall identiy alternative sources o water
and make necessary arrangements or supply
to the aected population.
Along with State Secretary (RWSS), will getinvolved in coordinating disaster response.
Will produce Daily Situation Report or
SDMA in the event o disaster.
3.7 Role o NGOs / UNOrganizations
At State level NGOs / INGOs will acilitate
ormation o water and sanitation task orces to
support PHED / RWSS with rapid assessment
reports to design water and sanitation response.
Key responsibilities at State Level
Support State level SWSM or setting
up GO-NGO Inter-agency Coordination
platorm during non-emergency times to
ensure appropriate coordination with key
humanitarian actors happens during the
times o disaster response.
Will assist PHED / RWSS with the distributiono emergency relie supplies which
includes ORS, Chlorine tablets, Sanitation
inrastructure, Hygiene kits and any related
IEC materials.
Will support RWSS / PHED with capacity
building events on water and sanitation
in emergencies.
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UNICEF/2005/Bagla
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Chapter 4.0
District / BlockLevel
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26
preparedness / response and also in coordinating
search & rescue, relie, shelter management &
relie camps, reconstruction and rehabilitation,
preliminary damage assessment and fnalisation
o action plans etc. A determined eort be made to
ensure earliest cooperation / participation o local
sel-government / civil society coordinating with
dierent relevant sectors or eective response.
The Block Resource Centres (BRCs) would
assist the Block Panchayat in ensuring ull
preparedness at grass root level and mobilising
trained manpower in the event o calamity.
4.2 Preparedness
SE / Executive Engineer, RWSS shall be the
district level nodal ofcer or coordinating
emergency operations with respect todelivering water and sanitation services. The
SE / Executive Engineer (Member Secretary)
o DWSM in his / her capacity is entrusted with
the responsibility o ensuring that all Rural
Water Supply works in the district are properly
maintained in an event o disaster by carrying
out timely repairs wherever necessary
Responsibilities o Member Secretary,DWSM
Will share all emergency contingency
plans with DDMA or eective coordination
during emergencies.
During the onset o monsoon, it is essential
that the Superintending / Executive Engineers
should make all eorts to keep vigil on all
water supply schemes and sources.
In the event o scanty / defcient rainall
(drought) over a prolonged period, it is the
responsibility o the SE / EE to monitor levels
o drinking water based on ground water
4.1 Institutional Mechanism
District Water and Sanitation Mission(DWSM)
At the district level or the purpose o combating
calamities, DWSM will unction under the
supervision o District Magistrate / Collector
to carry out the actual implementation o rural
water and sanitation relie projects.
Key duties o DWSM
DWSM shall meet at least once beore the
expected normal commencement o oods /
drought and thereater as requently as may
be necessary.
District Disaster Management Authority
(DDMA) may set up Disaster Control Rooms
(DCRs) in district, block and lower levels and
monitor their unctioning. In case a common DCR is established, the
DWSM will depute sta to be a part thereo.
The DWSM shall extend services during
disasters as per requirements decided upon
by DDMA
DWSM must review contingency water
supply and sanitation plans submitted by
RWSS / PHED.
DWSM must review position o essential
water and sanitation stock and will make
arrangements or procurement o essentialsupplies under the SDRF / Normal unds.
DWSM under the guidance o DDMA
will monitor emergency responses at the
district, block and Panchayat level and
impact thereo.
Role o local sel-governments indisaster response:Local sel-govt institutions like PRIs and civil
society will play a vital role in emergency
District / Block Level
Chapter 4.0
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Will ensure that special care is taken o
women with inants and pregnant women.
Will ensure that sewer pipes and drainage are
kept separate rom drinking water acilities.
Will ensure availability o adequate number
o toilets to prevent urther contamination owater sources.
Will ensure cleaning arrangements or toilets.
Will generate daily situation reports or
Chie Engineer.
Will co-ordinate with Block DEE / Panchayat,
AE / Village JE or the restoration o water
supply and sanitation inrastructure as
per assessment.
Will contact potential suppliers to arrange
or procurement o emergency water and
sanitation materials in case o disaster.
Will take immediate actions or the
restoration o water supply and sanitation
inrastructure as per damage assessment.
Shall identiy alternative sources o water
and make necessary arrangements or supply
to the aected population.
Shall ensure that aected people have
adequate acilities and supplies to collect,
store and use sufcient quantities o water
or drinking, cooking and personal hygiene.
Shall ensure that drinking water supplied
conorms to the prescribed quality standards(IS 10500)
It shall be ensured that water made available
or personal and domestic hygiene should
not cause any risk to health.
Must launch necessary awareness
campaigns on sae water handling practices,
environmental sanitation and individual
hygiene along with hardware provision.
Will visit as many areas as possible to have
frst-hand inormation o the situation.
Will keep District Collector and E-in-C / Chie
Engineer, RWSS inormed daily about the
action taken by him in his area.
Local MLA, MP and other community
leaders must be inormed on measures
taken by RWSS / PHED or an eective
disaster response.
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Role o Voluntary Agencies in Drought Response
Voluntary Agencies can play an important role in drought response. For example they canoperate private water tankers or the scarcity aected areas. Thereore, these agencies
may, wherever necessary, be given all necessary assistance by supplying them relevant
inormation and assisting them in water distribution among aected people.
In case no such acilities are extended to any o the aected areas the Collector may in
consultation with the Chie Executive Ofcer, Zilla Parishad endeavour that suitable voluntary
agencies are encouraged to operate such schemes in the aected areas so that vulnerable
group o children, mothers and adult women are provided with supplementary nutrition and
other package o services.
4.6 Best practices on response
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UNICEF/2009/Biswas
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Chapter 5.0
Panchayat /Village Level
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32
Ensure availability o feld test kits (both or
chemical & bacteriological parameters) and /
or refll so that GPs could test drinking water
quality more requently in emergencies
Ensure sanitary survey o all drinking water
sources so as to identiy contaminated
sources and take preventive / curative action
in calamity prone areas.
Arrange or sae disposal o existing
sanitation waste.
Will make prior arrangements in convergence
with other relie parties and in consultation
with the BDO / Control Room, to send
materials in boats, etc. whenever necessary.
Will depute designated sta and Sel
Employed Mechanics (SEMs) individually
or in teams with adequate spare parts and
materials to repair the non unctioning tube
wells / piped water supply systems as a
measure o preparedness.
Must emphasize, at village, VWSC /Pani Samiti levels; the need to include
essential water and sanitation interventions
in their community based disaster
preparedness plan.
Will arrange or regular water quality testing
o drinking water sources in the aected area
in case o disasters.
Maintain data on repair status o
water supply systems and potable water
and sanitation systems or villages
and panchayats. Prepare plans or water distribution by water
tankers, mobile water purifcation units and
other means o distribution and storage o
water in an event o disaster.
Veriy stock o equipment and material
available with VWSC / Pani Samiti or
perorming its unction as per the
emergency plan.
Ensure adequacy o hygiene, sanitation and
water supply related material in the Rural
Sanitary Marts / Production Centres.
5.1 Institutional Mechanism
At the District / Panchayat / village level,
community based water and sanitation disaster
management plans will ocus on enhancing
the community capacity in order to respond
eectively to disasters, especially or the
vulnerable communities and groups. The plan
will ocus on hazard mapping and identiying
the vulnerable areas and population groups,
identiying the resources and dissemination o
early warning.
Responsibilities o Sub-Divisional OcerAE / AEE, RWSS
Will ensure that supply o materials and
spare parts as may be required by the JE,
RWSS o the aected areas are available.
Will prepare an alternative contingency
plan or providing drinking water in case oailure o regular water distribution system
during disaster
Will ensure all public water sources in ood
prone areas are disinected / repaired
Under the overall supervision o DDMA, JE /
AAE will endeavour to ensure that, amenities
in cyclone shelters such as drinking water,
bathing and toilet acilities or large number
o people during the disaster phase are in
usable condition.
Will create a roster o technicians or carryingout immediate repairs and restorations o
water supply acilities in the event o disasters.
Will utilize the services o Block Resource
Centres (BRC) to train sta, VWSC & GP
members in disaster preparedness / response
Responsibilities o Junior Engineer (JE), RWSS
Will create a list o potential suppliers to
arrange or procurement o emergency water
and sanitation materials in case o disaster.
Panchayat / Village Level
Chapter 5.0
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33
JE must activate the quick response team o
technicians, mistrys, masons and others or
carrying out quick repairs and restorations o
water supply inrastructure in consultation
with VWSC.
BRC sta must be used to mobilize the trainedmanpower and work out tasks they can perorm.
5.4 Trigger Mechanism
The objective o having Trigger mechanism or
natural disasters is to have suo-motu activation
mechanism or spontaneous response to set in
motion command, control and management o
the situation.
Junior Engineer (JE), RWSS shall personally
contact the Block Control Room / BDO once or
twice daily, collect inormation on aected areas,
pass on the same to sectional Control room and act
accordingly. He will request the concerned Assistant
Engineer, RWSS or additional support, i required.
Responsibilities o Sub-Divisional OicerAE / AEE, RWSS Will coordinate with the Subdivision & Block
level Civil Administration on immediate
actions to be taken.
Will ensure setting up o emergency
Control Room in his ofce or daily
monitoring o situation.
Will send supply o appropriate water and
sanitation materials and spare parts as may
be required by the JE, RWSS.
Will take preventive measures against water
borne diseases and enable chlorination o
drinking water. Will keep the EE, RWSS inormed once or
twice daily or as requently as required about
the situation and action taken.
Will liaise with BRCs eectively in public
interaction and communication o activities
being carried out.
Responsibilities o Junior Engineer (JE), RWSS
Will make prior arrangements in convergence
with other relie parties and in consultation
5.2 Preparedness
Junior Engineer (JE), RWSS responsibilities
Will arrange systems or regular water quality
monitoring rom drinking water sources inthe aected area in case o disasters.
Must maintain data on repair status
o water supply systems and portable
water and sanitation systems or villages
and panchayats.
Must prepare plans or water distribution
by water tankers / mobile water purifcation
units and other means o distribution and
storage o water in an event o disaster.
BRC must maintain a list o trained sta, VWSC
& GP members or utilizing their services.
Involvement o Local communities /Schools / GPs / VWSC / Sel Help Groups(SHGs) / Gender perspectives
People centred early warning systems rely on
the direct participation o those most likely to
be exposed to hazards. Without the involvement
o local communities, SHGs and communities at
risk, government and institutional interventions
and responses to hazard events are likely to
be inadequate.
JE RWSS / PHED must encourage local
community coping mechanisms or the
detection o Early warning systems.
JE must ensure that all early warning
systems must be people centred; and people
are aware o hazards and potential impacts.
Existing schools / GPs / VWSC / Sel
Help Groups (SHGs) must be involved
in raising awareness among individuals
and communities
5.3 Early Warning
Responsibilities o Junior Engineer (JE) /Assistant Engineer (AE)
JE with support rom VWSC must conduct
the frst assessment o damage related to
water and sanitation inrastructure.
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with the BDO / Control Room, to obtain and
send materials in boats, etc. as necessary.
Will arrange to depute designated sta
and Sel Employed Mechanics (SEMs)
individually or in terms with adequate spare
parts and materials to repair thenon unctional tube wells / piped water
supply systems.
Will arrange or regular water quality testing
o water sources in the aected area in case
o disasters.
Must ensure water distribution by water
tankers / mobile water purifcation units and
other means o distribution and storage o
water in an event o disaster.
Will arrange or sae disposal o sanitation
waste, provision o temporary and mobile
toilet units.
Will arrange or continuous water quality
monitoring and surveillance while
transporting drinking water through tankers
in flling stations, mobile treatment plants or
in packaged pouches in the aected areas /
relie camps.
5.5 Role o NGOs / UNOrganizations
At Panchayat level NGOs / INGOs will support
DWSM to establish quick water and sanitation
inrastructure or the aected population.
Key responsibilities at Panchayat Level
Support PHED / RWSS with potable water
distribution and protection o water sources
rom urther contamination.
Will assist PHED / RWSS in chlorination
o water sources and monitoring o water
quality parameters.
Will support RWSS / PHED with the construction
o feld latrines and soak pit latrines at reliecamps and fnal disposal o excreta.
Will support RWSS / PHED with
community mobilization or efcient
use o water and sanitation acilities and
dissemination o inormation related to
water borne diseases.
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UNICEF/2005/Das
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Chapter 6.0
TechnicalAnnexures
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Nature oDisaster
Key Technical Preparedness ResponsiblePerson
Sources orreerence
Floods &Cyclones
Drinking water supply
Raisingtube-wells,hand-pumpsandplatformsaboveood
water level to prevent contamination.
Accuratemapsshowingupdatedwatersupplysystems
acilities should be maintained at all times.
Essentialstockpilingofsupplieslikewaterpurication
tablets, essential spare parts including detailed user and
saety instructions (IEC) in local language etc must be ready
in a warehouse.
Identifyingandmaintaininglistsofmobilewaterpurication
installations available or supplying clean drinking water.
Ensuringwatersupplysystemsandtraditionalwatersources
are maintained and kept unctional
WaterQualityassurance:-Ensuringwaterqualityandregular
chlorination o drinking water sources (both at source & point
o collection) should be taken up on priority with suitable
water quality monitoring system in place.
Alltechniciansmustbetrainedonrepairandrestorationof
water sources in emergencies
Sanitation Forareaspronetooods,appropriateapproachesto
sanitation such as raised latrines, pit liners or rings, sealed
pits / Eco-san toilets must be constructed.
Safemanagementofsanitationwastetopreventoutbreakof
disease & maintaining a clean environment / identiying and
maintaining lists o mobile toilets units.
EE / JE / AE,RWSS
NDMA
Guidelines
Minimum
standards
o relie or
drinking water
& Minimum
standards
o relie or
Sanitation
and hygiene
/ State Relie
Codes
Earthquakes Identifyvulnerable/weakpointsofwatersupplyschemes,
mainly covering number o villages in seismic area, specially
storage tanks and treatment plants
Prepositioningofwatertankersspeciallywithpumps
PrepositioningofHDPEtankstoprovidemobile/temporary
storage in the shelter zone Prepositioningofstockofchlorinetabletstoavoid
contamination or epidemic outbreak
PrepositioningofDGsets/solarpumps/electricpumps
/ drilling rigs / pipes and other related misc items or
immediate restoration o water supply schemes
EE / JE / AE,RWSS
NDMA
Guidelines
Management
o Earthquakes
Drought Adetailedcontingencyplanforsupplyofdrinkingwaterinrural areas to be ormulated with technical help rom the
Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and utilising, i need be
the rigs and other capital equipment rom the CGWB
Identifyhabitations/villagesindicatingthemonthfromwhich
they are likely to ace water scarcity.
JE / AE,
RWSS
Base material:
Rajasthan
Drought Relie
Manual
Preparedness
Annexure I
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Nature oDisaster
Key Technical Preparedness ResponsiblePerson
Sources orreerence
Identicationofnewborewells,dugwells,sanitarywellsof
high yield using HGM maps
Identifyhighyieldingagriculturalborewellsforhiring
Prepareadequateplanswithroutemapstosupplysafe
drinking water through tankers or vulnerable areas covering
villages in drought areas, month-wise, identiying sources,
routes, delivery points, storage structures etc.
Monitorcontinuouslyruralandurbandrinkingwater
availability in drought aected areas
Undertakerepairsofalltube-wellsandhandpumpstomake
all tube-wells operational and install additional tube-wells
ater proper identifcation o sites with desired yield using
HGM maps and geo-physical methods.
Stepstobetakenforrepair,rehabilitation,replacement,
rejuvenation and augmentation o existing water supply
schemes so that they are all unctional and supply water at
maximum efciency.
Implementsmallschemeslikebundinginriverasreliefwork
to augment water supply.
Identifywatersupplysystemsthataredefunctorlowyielding
and take up artifcial recharge structures to beneft the
sources through MNREGS, NRDWP Sustainability unds.
CollaboratewithNGOs,CBOsinraisingawareness
Closemonitoringofgroundwaterlevelandassessing
easibility o drilling o tube wells at various depths.
Regional Directors o CGWB may be contacted by State
agencies in this regard.
Inverycriticalsituationstransportationofwaterfordrinking
purposes by special trains rom outside regions must be
considered. Source o water, inrastructure or flling rakes
and or unloading and or distribution to households has tobe planned. States have to indicate requirement to Railways.
Adoptionoftraditionalmethodsofwaterstorageand
completion o ongoing storage projects on top priority.
Toreducethewaterlossesduetoevaporation,special
chemicals can be used as retardants.
Promotedifferentrainwaterharvestingsystems,asdrought
proofng measures through MNREGS as the frst priority.
Promoteconstructionofcheckdamsandrejuvenationof
other traditional sources
Promotewisewatermanagement,dualwatersupply
systems, water saving habits o daily lie
Smallcisternscanbeerectedandsubmersiblepump-sets
installed in bore wells where the water level has reduced, or
storage o water, and taps can be provided all around
the cisterns.
Whereversurfacesourcesofassuredcapacityareavailable,
they may be preerred by putting infltration wells in the
rivers or by construction o summer storage (SS) tanks to
store water during summer.
Constructionofcattletroughsinadequatequantitynearhand
pumps by collecting run-o and near water storages.
Putinplacesingletollfreenumberandcentralised/
computerized call centre or registering complaints received on
phone, in writing and through internet and provide redressal.
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Nature oDisaster
Key Technical Preparedness ResponsiblePerson
Sources orreerence
Ensurewaterqualitytestingofdrinkingwatersources
through laboratories and at village level by trained persons
with feld test kits
Identifyallwatersourceslikedams,reservoirs,tanksetc.
and plan or reserving requirement o drinking water in the
event o water scarcity at the earliest to avoid conict with
agricultural demand.
Reservationofwaterfordrinkingpurposesinmultipurpose
water reservoirs
Planningforavailabilityandsupplyofhardwareviz.pipes,
DG sets, HDPE tanks, vehicles, hand pump repair kits, hand
pumps, motors, drilling machines and equipment etc. and
chemicals used or water treatment should be done.
Differenttypesoftechnicalassistanceandmodelsavailable
with Central Government agencies, scientifc and educational
institutions should be taken to tackle the situation.
Tsunami Drinking water supply
Essentialstockpilingofsupplieslikewaterpurication
tablets, essential spare parts including detailed user and
saety instructions (IEC) in local language must be kept in
a warehouse.
Coastalareapopulationmustbeadvisedbytheauthorities,
not to use well water which gets ooded with water ater
tsunami or drinking purpose. These wells will remain unsae
or some more time and in uture the local authorities must
drain all the wells beore they can be used.
Watertruckingprovision/mobilewaterpuricationunits
should be made available or drinking water supply to
tsunami relie camps and welare centres with clear water
quality inspection mechanisms. Technicallyfeasibletechnologiesmustbeselectedwhile
determining cleaning methods or wells and other sources.
Agreedstandardsandproceduresshouldbemaintainedto
minimise the risk o collapse during dewatering.
Disinfectionofthewaterandwaterqualitytestingshouldbe
carried out post cleaning
Sanitation
Arrangements or providing temporary sanitary toilets,
mobile toilets and or cleaning and disinecting them twice
daily should be planned.
Priordiscussionontheprototypeoflatrinedesignmustbe
carried out with PHED, DRDA & NGO partners
Solid and liquid waste management
For areas prone to tsunami, appropriate approaches to
sanitation such as raised latrines, pit liners or rings, sealed
pits / Eco-san or tanks must be considered
Propermechanismmustbedesignedforsolidandliquid
waste segregation & separating organic waste and inorganic
wastes to avoid potential public health risk.
EE / JE / AE,
RWSS
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Strategic Activity Planner or Drought PreparednessActivity Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Monitoring
Rainfall
Temperature
Surface water level
Assessment
Drinking water availability
Irrigation water availability
Water Conservation measures
Check dams / water shedRain water harvesting
Ground water recharge
Strategic Activity Planner or Drought Early WarningActivity Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Potential water decit
For Irrigation
For drinking
Annexure II
Annexure III
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Nature oDisaster
Key Response Measures ResponsiblePerson
Sources orreerence
Cyclones,
Tsunami,
Floods,
Landslides,
Avalanches
and
Earthquake
Drinking water supply
Objective: Ensure the availability o minimum sae drinking water
and sanitation taking into account privacy & dignity
Amenitiesincycloneshelterssuchasdrinkingwater,bathing
and toilet acilities or large number o people during the
disaster phase must be taken into account.
WaterQualityassurance:-Ensurewaterqualityandregular
chlorination o drinking water sources (both at source & pointo collection) is taken up on priority including detailed user
and saety instructions in the local language with a suitable
water quality monitoring system in place.
Protectexistingwatersourcesfromcontamination,adding
chlorine tablets in water or residual disinection
Providesoaps,detergents,bleachingpowderandJerrycans,
including messages in the local language on handling o
water and disposal o excreta and solid waste.
Iftankeringwater,alwaysensuretherearetankswithtap
stands or tankers to discharge the water, rather than people
collecting straight rom the back o the tanker. Also ensure
appropriate disinection o water is done.
Whentankeringwater,alwaysfactorintheexitstrategybeore implementing the activity
Followstandardsandprocedurestominimisetheriskof
collapse during dewatering; disinection o the water. water
quality testing should be carried out post cleaning o all
water sources.
Providewaterfacilitiesclosetothetoiletsforhandwashing
and anal cleansing apart rom ushing.
Trainvillagewaterpersonswhotraditionallyoperatethe
GP owned piped water supply schemes. Training inputs
need to be provided in areas like disinection o water
using bleaching powder, storage o bleaching powder and
checking residual chlorine.
Sanitation
Forareaspronetooods,appropriateapproachesto
sanitation such as raised latrines, pit liners or rings, sealed
pits toilets must be considered.
Handwashingmustbeaddressedforalllatrinesconstructed
either at the latrine or at the household level by the
promotion and provision o soap and hand-washing devices.
EE / JE / AE,
RWSS
NDMA
Guidelines
Minimum
standards
o relie or
drinking water
& Minimum
standards
o relie or
Sanitation and
hygiene
Response
Annexure IV
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Nature oDisaster
Key Response Measures ResponsiblePerson
Sources orreerence
Womenmustbeconsultedabouttheirrequirementsto
manage their menstrual hygiene needs
Wherepossible,femalebathingcubiclesshouldbeincluded
in a screened courtyard design with toilets
Campschoollatrinesshouldbesemi-permanentwhereas
permanent structures are built or existing schools. It is
important to match the construction materials o the
school building
Hygiene promotion
ContinuousIECactivitiesencouragingandmotivatingthe
individuals to use toilets.
Provideaudio-visualaidsforencouragingtoiletutilization.
Providepictorialrepresentationsoftoiletuse,quantumof
water use, hand washing and basic cleanliness.
Diseasesurveillanceandorganisinghygienepromotionin
camps / embankments must be done. Provisionshouldbemadetosupportadolescentgirls
and women to address menstrual hygiene management;
especially when the communities are orced to leave home
to stay in camps with very little belongings. Sanitary cloth /
disposable sanitary napkin should be provided to adolescent
girls and women. Proper disposal system is established in the
orm o incinerator or other mechanism
Drought Constructionofexploratorywellsindroughtproneareasbythe State Govt. with assistance rom CGWB and NGOs and
energize them as quickly as possible and use or mitigating
water scarcity.
Constructionofcheckdamsorpercolationtanksshouldbe
taken up to improve recharge o the ground water sources.
DrillingofnewborewellsofhighyieldusingHGMmaps
Implementsmallschemeslikebundinginriverasreliefwork
to augment water supply
CollaboratewithNGOsinraisingawareness
Incriticalsituationtransportationofwaterfordrinking
purposes by water tankers or special trains rom outside
regions must be considered.
Constructionofdifferentrainwaterharvestingsystems,as
drought proofng measures.
Deepeningofriserpipesinhandpumps
Deepeningofborewellsandopenwellsandraisingof
parapets o open wells
Flushingofborewellsanddisinfectionofallhandpumps & bore wells requent reboring and energisation
o tube wells.
Introduce regulatory measures or regulating the drawl o
groundwater around drinking water sources in aected area.
Constructionofcisternswhereversubmersiblepump-sets
are installed or storage o water and taps can be provided all
around the cisterns.
JE / AE,
RWSS
Rajasthan
Drought
Relie Manual
& NDMA
Guidelines
Minimum
standards
o relie or
drinking water
& Minimum
standards
o relie or
Sanitation and
hygiene
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Annexure V
Early Warning Nodal AgenciesType o Disaster Nodal Agency PHED to monitor key parameters
Cyclone IMD / Regional
Meteorological centre
1) Intensity o rainall
2) Period o rainall
Tsunami Indian National Centre
or Oceanic Inormation
Services
1) Height o tidal wave
2) Speed o tidal wave
Floods CWC 1) Intensity o rainall
2) Period o rainall
3) Quantumofreleaseofwater
4) Water supply assets in low lying / ood prone / ood
plain areas, water quality and disinection
Landslides GSI 1) Intensity o rainall (i applicable)
2) Distribution network / treatment plants situated on
steep slopes prone to landslides
Avalanches Snow and Avalanche Study
Establishment
1) Wind speed
2) Intensity o rainall
3) Overhead service reservoirs without braces
4) Water supply assets on hills / hill slopes
Heat & Cold waves IMD 1) Qualityofdrinkingwater
Earthquake IMD 1) Water retaining structures
2) Water treatment plants
Drought Department o Agriculture 1) Intensity and period o rainall
2) Declining ground water levels
3) Drying up o surace water bodies
4) Poor recharge o aquiers
5) Wilting o crops
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Annexure VI
Important Nodal Agencies' Contact DetailsName / Organization Disaster type Address Contact Details
Control room
Disaster Management
Division, Ministry o Home
Aairs, Government o
India
All disasters Integrated Operations
Centre,
Ministry o Home Aairs
Room No. 12 North Block,
New Delhi
Ph.: (011) 23092763, 23092885,
23092923, 23093054, 23093563,
23093564, 2309356
Fax.: (011) 23093750
Indian Meteorological
Department
Dy. Director (Meteorology)
Cyclone, Earthquake
& Avalanche
Dy. Director General o
Meteorology, Lodhi Road
New Delhi
Ph.: (011) 24690279
E-mail: amss20042000@yahoo.co.in
Indian National Centre or
Oceanic Inormation
Tsunami Indian National Centre
or Ocean InormationServices (INCOIS),
"Ocean Valley",
P.B No.21, IDA Jeedimetla
P.O, Hyderabad - 500 055,
India
Ph.: (040) 23895002
Central Water Commission Floods SWC, Sewa Bhavan, RK
Puram, New Delhi - 110066
Ph.: (011) 26108855
Fax.: (011) 26195516
Geological Survey o India
(GSI)
Landslides 27, J.L.Nehru Road
Kolkata - 700016
West Bengal
Ph.: (033) 22861676
Fax: (033) 22861661
Department o Agriculture Drought Dr Rajendra Prasad Road,
New Delhi - 110001
(011) 23382719
Ministry o Drinking Water
and Sanitation (MDWS)
Water and
Sanitation
9th Floor, Paryaravan
Bhawan, CGO Complex,
Lodhi Road,
New Delhi - 110003
Ph: (011) 24361043
Fax: (011) 24364113
E-mail: jstm@nic.in
National Disaster
Management Agency
(NDMA)
Disaster
Management
NDMA Bhawan
A-1 Sadarjung Enclave
New Delhi - 110 029
Ph.: (011) 26701728
Fax: (011) 26701729
E-mail: ino@ndma.gov.in
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