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Solid waste management
present practices, challenges and
future planning of
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation
Solid Waste Management DepartmentAhmedabad Municipal Corporation
2
Comparative study 2006 - 2014
Details Year 2006 Year 2014
Area (sq. km.) 192 466
Population (Lacs) 55.70 62.70 (approx)
Wards 52 64
Staff 7500 12500+
Solid Waste (TPD) 2219 3600+
Vehicle - Equipments 450 1200+
Annual Budget (Rs in Crore) 94.84 340
3
Civic Administration of the City
Ahmedabad
192 Councilors
64 Wards
6 Zones
466 Sq KM
4
The Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF),
Government of India issued a notification on 25 September,
2000 under the Environment Protection Act 1986 stating
that all cities and towns of India should undertake
municipal solid waste management as prescribed by the
rules. These are known as “The Municipal Solid Waste
(Management & Handling) Rules 2000”.
Generation Collection Transportation Processing /
Treatment
Disposal
System as per Rules
5
An Overview of Solid Waste Management
from different sources
Population of City is 60 lacs plus and daily per capita waste
generation is more than 600 gms. City generates 4000 TPD
waste including 300 MT of construction and demolition
debris Waste. All waste is collected, transported, treated and
disposed according to the MSW Rules.
6
(A) Waste Collection System of City
1. Sweeping of roads by employees.
2. Scrubbing of roads by mechanized sweeping
machines.
3. Waste collection from open spots.
4. Domestic Waste Collection by Door to Dump System.
5. Lifting of Community bins / Containers.
6. Construction & Demolition waste collection.
7. Segregated collection of kitchen waste from Hotels and
Restaurants
8. Bio-Medical Waste Collection.
9. Collection of carcass / Animal Waste.
10. Collection of Flower Waste / holistic materials.
11. Manure Lifting Machines.
7
1484 km roads are swept by more
than 12,500 Street sweepers on a
daily basis. Street sweepers are
provided a lorry and 6 bins for
cleaning activity.
(1) Sweeping of Roads by Safai Kamdar
8
(2) Night scrubbing through Road Sweeping Machines
AfterBefore
• All major public roads, BRTS roads & Model roads are covered under this system.• 30 truck/tractor mounted road vacuum sweepers & 15 self ride on road vacuum
sweepers are used• Working time: 10 pm to 6 am• Each machine has a cost of Rs. 64 lakh plus• These machines are helping AMC to keep city as a dust free city.
8
(3) Door to Dump System:-
• AMC collect more than 1000 TPD waste from various
spots in six zones by 130 tractors, trucks, JCB, etc,
equipments & machineries.
(4) Waste Collection from Spots:-
• Collection of domestic waste from
14.50 lacs residential and
commercial units are covered
under Door / Gate to Dump
project.
• More than 600 vehicles of Tata
ACE with more than 1 ton capacity
are deployed and more than 1700
TPD waste collection in this
System.
9
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(5) Lifting of Bins / Containers
More than 941 locations aredefined as waste collectionpoints where 1147 closed body7 cubic meter M.S. Communitystorage bins have been provided.AMC ensures that thesecontainers are lifted at leastonce in a day and 900 TPDwaste is collected under thissystem.
Citizen are well informed to dump their C& D waste at
their own cost at the defined 16 locations. Amdavad
Enviro Pvt. Ltd. is authorized by AMC on PPP mode to
collect, transport & process 300 TPD C & D waste from
designated 16 locations of the city.
(6) Construction & Demolition waste collection
11
AMC has contracted 2 agencies approved by GPCB for daily
collection, transportation and disposal of bio-medical waste
from 4 municipal hospitals, 2 referral hospitals, 64 urban
health centers and dispose it in their incineration plant.
(8) Collection of Municipal Bio Medical Waste
(7) Segregated collection of kitchen waste from
Hotels and Restaurants
• AMC has contracted with three agencies, who collect
food waste from such units and charge from hotel units
on monthly basis so there is no cost to AMC in this
system.
• 80 TPD food waste is collected from more than 950 units
of hotels and restaurants.
• It is delivered to compost plant for treatment.
• AMC is in a process of planning to utilize food waste for
Gas / Electricity generation by bio-methanation.
12
(9) Collection of Carcass / Animal Waste
AMC has deployed 4 hydraulic based
vehicles and staffs to collect carcass of
dead animal like cow, camel, buffalo,
donkey, dog, rat, etc. AMC has deployed
2 vehicles to collect fish, meat,
slaughter house waste from market. 8
TPD animal waste is collected from the
city under this system.
(10) Collection of Flower Waste /
Holistic MaterialsCity has a historical Sabarmati river. To
reduce pollution and maintain cleanliness
citizens are motivated to deliver flower waste
and such holistic materials in the “KALASH”
instead of throwing into the river. AMC has
deployed 16 “KALASH” on 8 bridges of
Sabarmati river. Such flower waste is
delivered to compost plant for treatment.
13
AMC has deployed 89 Tipper Trucks, 40 JCB
Machines, 33 Bobcat type machines, 120 Hydraulic
Dumper Placers, 11 Skip Lifters, 54 Compactors, 4
Dead Animal Vans, 14 Nuisance Tankers, 1 Mobile
Court, 60 Tractors, 3 Excavators, 5 Bull dozers, 3
Wheel dozers, 30 Truck/Tractor mounted Road
Vacuum Sweepers, 15 self ride on road vacuum
sweepers, 12 manure lifting vehicles (for cleaning of
open defecation spots), 24 mini vans and other
contactors’ 700 vehicles in all 6 zones. AMC deploys
more than 1173 Total vehicles/Equipments on daily
basis for efficient handling of waste cleaning of the
city.
Deployment of Machineries & Equipments
14
(B) Transfer Stations for Secondary
Transportation of Waste
• AMC has decided to construct one transfer station with
capacity of 400 TPD in all Six Zones. Out of which 3 are
operational and 3 are under construction (except Central
Zone). Civil & Mechanical cost of each transfer station is
more than Rs. 5.5 crores.
• Each transfer Station have 2 Stationary Compactors, 9
Large Hook Loader Vehicles and 11 Large Containers with
20-25 CMT Capacity to carry 10 to 12 MT waste.
• Compaction & Transportation of waste on each transfer
station is about 350 TPD.
• Transfer station helps AMC to save on transportation cost,
reduce pollution and ease traffic congestion, and effective
& speedily collection of waste.
• AMC is planning to construct additional 6 Transfer
Stations in zones.
15
Transfer Station
16
(C) Recent Initiatives in Waste Management(1) IEC Project for Awareness to citizens
AMC has Started a Project for IEC (Information, Education,
Communication) Activities and Awareness of citizens towards
Cleanliness, Waste Treatment & Waste Disposal and get their co-
operation & participation
• Regular meetings of Committees in
the Wards
• Publicity through Television
Channels / Local Cable Network
• Advertisement in Newspapers
• Distribution of pamphlets and
Banners
• Exhibition of Awareness Creation
slides in Cinema Theatres
• Conducting Street plays
• Organizing of rally involving School
& College students
• Awareness training to Municipal
staff and Councilors
• Conducting miscellaneous even
(2) Preparation of Public Health Byelaws:-
AMC has prepared Public Health Bye-laws for effective enforcement and
maintaining discipline.
• Classification of waste in 30 categories
• Generators of waste based on their type, 20 categories
• Segregation of waste
• Storage of waste
• Delivery & collection of waste
• Processing & disposal of waste
• Liquid Waste Management
• Prevention of Waterborne, Vector borne and Food borne diseases
• Offences under the bye-laws
• General offenses which is applicable to all the citizens within city limit
(20 in number)
• Enforcement of the provisions
• Schedule of Fines
With the approval of Municipal General Board, byelaws are sent to the State
Government for approval & notification.17
18
(3) Mobile Court for Littering & Nuisance
AMC launched country’s first
Sanitation Mobile Court on 4th June,
2009 dedicated to contain littering.
Total of 1,63,808 cases have been
registered and Rs. 7.52 crore penalty
levied from such offenders.
Year Cases Penalty (Rs)
Jun 09 – Dec 09 14,939 15,92,470
2010 27,358 51,76,150
2011 30,276 4,8,22,165
2012 38,111 2,79,52,402
2013 29,234 2,37,02,120
2014 43,547 1,73,39,999
Up to Jan 2015 2897 19,37,550
Year Seizure of
Plastic
below 40
micron (kg)
Notice Penalty
(Rs)
2011 16903 3608 6,56,725
2012 5135 7527 15,27,780
2013 8748 22037 44,01,925
2014 7408 15588 19,96,100
Up to Jan
2015
161 816 71,500
• Amdavad Enviro Pvt. Ltd has been awarded the project forDesign, Construct, Operate & Maintain 300 TPD plant forConstruction & Demolition waste Processing Treatment toproduce final products likewise Bricks, Hollow block, PaverBlock, Curbstone, Concrete, etc from C & D Waste of wastefrom designated locations (16) from city area on Public PrivatePartnership mode for 30 years.
• AMC has allotted 5 acres land for processing plant.
• AMC will get 2.5% royalty on sale value.
(4) Construction & Demolition Waste collection,
transportation & making recyclable products on
PPP mode :-
19
20
AMC started a Pilot Project in a
Garden, Hotel Kitchen and other
Green waste is converted into
Organic Manure on PPP mode.
A machine with the capacity of
converting 200 kg of bio-
degradable waste into compost
has been put on experimental
basis for 60 days to observe the
process and effectiveness of the
machine. Such small plant to
convert biodegradable waste to
compost is also useful for
residential societies, big hotels,
canteens, etc.
(5) Decentralized Model for Effective Utilization
of Garden / Green Biodegradable waste
21
• With such experience of
decentralized treatment/processing
compost, AMC has awarded work
for design, build, operate and
transfer of 2 bio-degradable waste
convertor machines, each has a
capacity of 1 metric ton, at Zoo and
at Victoria Garden. Both Plants are
in operation since December 25,
2013
• AMC is planning to set up a such
more bio-degradable waste
convertor machine / bio-gas plant
at fruit/vegetable market for
converting 5 to 10 TPD for effective
utilization of Green Waste.
22
(6) Compliance to Manual Scavenging Act
Department of Social Justice & Empowerment, Ministry of Social Justice
& Empowerment, Government of India published the “Prohibition of
Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013” on
October 1, 2013
• For compliance with Section 37 of the Act, AMC vide circular no 85,
formed a system of effective monitoring of zone level activities by
Additional City Engineer/Dy. Health Officer of each zone
• Urban Management Consulting Pvt Ltd (UMC) was awarded the project
work for Audit of Public Toilets, Community Toilets, Pay & Use, Public
Urinals. AMC has initiated implementing the recommendations of the
Audit Report.
• UMC has also been awarded the project to frame an Action Plan in
order to meet the conditions of Section 37 in the Act.
• AMC has also purchased 20 Manual Lifting Machine (6-trolly mounted,
14 auto rickshaw mounted) at a cost of Rs 83 lacs to clean the Open
Defecation Spots in the city.
23
(7) Capacity Building and Welfare Activities of Staff
• Sweepers, supervisors and supervisory staff is given training by
experts to develop skill, knowledge updation, capacity building
and strengthen the activities.
• Seminars and Workshops are conducted periodically to update
the knowledge.
• Officers are sent for visit to see the best practices of other cities.
• 1984 Permanent sweepers are allotted houses under
Dr. Ambedkar Aawas Yojna. 512 more houses are under
construction.
• Health Check up of sweepers is carried out regularly.
• Promotion given to 63 sweepers as Sanitary Sub Inspectors.
• A policy is in process for temporary sweepers to make
permanent employee of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation.
24
(8) A Project of GPS in Waste Management
Name of the Initiative:-
Installation of RFID based GPS system to the vehicles deployed for
collection & transportation of solid waste management of
Ahmedabad City. AMC has assigned a work to provide GPS-RFID
based monitoring system for effective supervision of more than 900
vehicles deployed in waste management.
Scheme Under Which the Initiative has been taken up:-
•Domestic Waste Collection by door to dump system
• Lifting of Community bins-containers
•Hotel Kitchen Waste Collection
Cost of the project and the funding pattern:-
Capital cost is Rs. 281,44,095 and Operation and Maintenance for
five years Rs. 198,05,136. Total cost of project is Rs. 479,49,131.
Cost is shared between AMC & Contractors who had assigned a
work of garbage collection & transportation on PPP mode.
25
Main features of the scheme including modules
• Satisfactory response to citizen complaints
• Management of fleet of vehicles with time
• Information of collection of solid waste of each route and vehiclewith time
• Working of vehicles can be seen on map
• Increase in service ,accuracy and safety
• Integration of dump site ,weigh-bridge
• More effective system of collection of solid waste
• More effective assessment of working of contractor
• Trustworthiness in payment of contractor
• Ahmedabad city will be more neat & clean
Status of the project that likely date of completion
• Deployment of RFID tags in more than 1000 bins and 900 vehicleswith Control Room
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Sr.
No.
Name of
Company
Daily
Treatment
MSW
converting
into
Land
Given
(Acres)
Agreement
Period
Technology
Used
1 Excel
Industries Ltd.
300 Tons Composting 25 15 Years Windrow
Method
2 Bharuch Enviro
Engineers Ltd.
(UPL Djai )
250 Tons Compost
and RDF /
Pellets &
Fluff
15 25 Years Windrow
Method
3 Creative Eco-
Recycle Port
Pvt. Ltd.
800 Tons Compost
and RDF /
Pellets &
Fluff
12.5 25 Years Gasification
&
thermalizati
on Spiritless
4 Hanjer Biotech
Energies Pvt.
Ltd
500 Tons Compost
and RDF /
Pellets &
Fluff
12.5 30 Years Multi
Product
Integrated
Technology
(D) Waste Treatment / Processing :-(1) Existing Plants / Facilities :-
26
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(2) Additional Two Companies are assigned Processing
Work
Name of
Company
Daily
Treatment
MSW
converting
into
Land
Given
(Acres)
Agreement
Period
Technology
Used
1. Abellon
Clean Energy
Ltd.
1000 Tons Electricity 13 29 Years Use European
technology and
follow
European
Emission
Standards
2. A2Z
Infrastructure
Limited
1000 Tons Compost
and RDF/
Pellets &
Fluff
25 29 Years Multi Product
Integrated
Technology
For the remaining untreated waste AMC has assigned work on
PPP mode to two companies for setting up Treatment /
Processing of waste Plants. Land has been allotted in March 2013
but companies have not initiated any construction work yet.
28
(E) Disposal of Inert Waste
AMC has secured engineered landfill site in operation and made
provision for another five scientific landfill sights for Disposal of Inert
/ Post Process Solid Waste at Gyaspur.
Capacity:
11.50 Lakh Metric Tones
(i.e. 1.15 million tons)
Total construction
cost of the site:
Rs. 13 Crore
(i.e. Rs.130 million )
Area: 12.88 Hectares
(32.8271 acres)
29
1. SWM Master Plan up to 2031
2. Roadmap for Zero Waste Ahmedabad by 2031
3. Landfill Mining & Reclamation Project of Present
Dump Site
4. Collection, Transportation & Safe disposal of E –
waste
5. Scientific and safe disposal of Carcass of Animals &
Waste from Slaughter House, Fish Market, Meat
Market etc.
6. EOI for 1000 TPD solid waste treatment
7. Set up of Decentralized small Bio-Gas / mechanized
compost plants
(F) Future planning to strengthen the system
30
AMC prepared a SWM Master Plan which provides a detailedprofile of Ahmedabad City, existing system in city, solid wastecharacteristics, current leading waste management practices,strategy and options for city, planning for 'Zero Waste'management system, institutional strengthening and training,capital investment plan and need for monitoring & evaluation.
Process adopted
• Process tracking of all streams of SWM
• Numerous stakeholders’ consultations
• Strategy development towards zero waste
• Infrastructure gap and management assessment
• Recommendations and capital investment
(1) SWM Master Plan upto 2031
31
AMC has participated at the Special Event of ISWA World
Congress 2011 and agreed on the “Declaration for Zero
Waste Ahmedabad” by 2031. AMC has signed a
Memorandum of Understanding with UNCRD (United Nations
Center for Regional Development, Japan)to get technical
assistance for developing a “Roadmap for Zero Waste
Ahmedabad by 2031”. AMC had a detailed Multi-stake
holders' consultation meetings with the help and support
from UNCRD Japan and Zero Waste South Australia.
(2) Roadmap for Zero Waste Ahmedabad by 2031
32
• The Zero Waste concept for Ahmedabad will serve as a
catalyst for policy changes at National level in realizing
Resource efficient and Zero waste societies in India.
33
(3) Landfill Mining & Reclamation of Present
Dump Site
Legacy Solid Waste is being disposed & accumulated
at Pirana dumping site having total area of about 84
acres for a long back. 65 acres of land is accumulated
with heaps of garbage having 15-20 meter height.
AMC has planned a project for Reclamation of the site
on PPP mode. AMC has received offers from 6 private
parties to provide feasible solution of legacy waste by
Landfill Mining & Reclamation (LFMR) on Public
Private Partnership mode. AMC has initiated the
process to evaluate these offers and also appointed a
legal firm for legal vetting.
34
For effective implementation of e-waste (Management and Handling)
Rules, 2011 in city. AMC has assigned a work to a Consultant who Co-
ordinate with Corporate Sector GPCB, dealers, producers, etc. to
prepare effective plan & strategy, IEC plan, Finalise player on PPP mode
activity to establish the collection centres for e-waste collection, safe
transportation and safe storage / disposal. RFQ-RFP is invited and
process is on to finalization the player for collection, transportation &
disposal of E-waste.
(4) Collection, Transportation & Safe disposal of
E - waste
(5) Scientific and safe disposal of Carcass of Animal
& Waste from Slaughter House, Fish Market,
Meat Market etc.
AMC is in process to explore best suitable technology. AMC has
assigned a work to a Consultant to finalize RFQ a competitive Bid for
Design, Construction, Operation & Maintenance of a daily 8-10 tons
processing plant on Public Private Partnership mode for 30 years.
35
(6) EOI for 1000 TPD waste treatment
AMC has planned for 100 % Processing/Treatment of
waste generated from city on daily basis. RFQ bid is issued
for additional 1000 TPD waste treatment/Processing on
PPP mode. Process is on to finalize the operator. So in next
3 Years AMC can Treat/Process 100 % Waste in an
effective manner.
(7) Decentralized Bio-Gas Plants / Mechanised
Compost Plants
AMC is planning to set up decentralized bio-gas plant of
2 to 10 tons capacity in different Zones/locations of the
city to utilize vegetable waste, food waste, flower waste,
green waste, night soil, to generate bio-gas and energy.
36
In World level competition of ISWA, AMC achieved 3rd place for
Best Short Film giving message ‘After Life’ for Public Awareness
(Prepared with the help of Students from
Mahatma Gandhi International School)
Thank YouPh No: 079-32982385
Email: swm@egovamc.com, swmamc@gmail.com
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