soils for food security and · 2016. 4. 13. · soils for food security and climate change: the 4...

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SOILS FOR FOOD SECURITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE: THE 4 PER MILLE INITIATIVE

Hervé SAINT MACARY, Cirad, on behalf of Inra, IRD & CGIAR

4‰ INITIATIVE : MULTIPLE ROLES OF

SOIL ORGANIC MATTER (SOM)

PHYSICALQUALITY

CHEMICALQUALITY

SOIL ORGANICMATTER (SOM)

AGRO-ECOLOGICAL

QUALITY

BIOLOGICALQUALITY

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

UNCCD

8,9

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

12.5

4 ‰ THE ASSUMPTION

3 200 GT CO2

12.5

3 200

= 4‰

8,9

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

4 ‰ THE ASSUMPTION

10.610.6

Net biome productivity

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

How ?

Where does CO2 comes from ?

Where does it go ?

GPP

451 GtCO2 yrPlant Resp

220 GtCO2 yr

Net Primary

Productivity

231 GtCO2 yr

Heterotrophic

Respiration

Exportations

194 GtCO2 yr

Net Ecosystem

Productivity

37 GtCO2 yr

Disturbance

(Fire, ..)

26,4 GtCO2 yr

Net Biome

Productivity

10,6 GtCO2 yr

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

How ?

GPP

451 GtCO2 yrPlant Resp

220 GtCO2 yr

Net Primary

Productivity

231 GtCO2 yr

Heterotrophic

Respiration

Exportations

194 GtCO2 yr

Net Ecosystem

Productivity

37 GtCO2 yr

Disturbance

(Fire, ..)

26,4 GtCO2 yr

Net Biome

Productivity

10,6 GtCO2 yr

Actions are possible at different scales- G : global

- R : Regional- P : Plot- C : Crop

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

How ?

GPP

451 GtCO2 yrPlant Resp

220 GtCO2 yr

Net Primary

Productivity

231 GtCO2 yr

Heterotrophic

Respiration

Exportations

194 GtCO2 yr

Net Ecosystem

Productivity

37 GtCO2 yr

Disturbance

(Fire, ..)

26,4 GtCO2 yr

Net Biome

Productivity

10,6 GtCO2 yr

Increase the Gross Primary

Production- Soil restauration (G)

- Landscape management (R)

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

How ?

GPP

451 GtCO2 yrPlant Resp

220 GtCO2 yr

Net Primary

Productivity

231 GtCO2 yr

Heterotrophic

Respiration

Exportations

194 GtCO2 yr

Net Ecosystem

Productivity

37 GtCO2 yr

Disturbance

(Fire, ..)

26,4 GtCO2 yr

Net Biome

Productivity

10,6 GtCO2 yr

Reduce respirationProbably limited

potential

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

How ?

GPP

451 GtCO2 yrPlant Resp

220 GtCO2 yr

Net Primary

Productivity

231 GtCO2 yr

Heterotrophic

Respiration

Exportations

194 GtCO2 yr

Net Ecosystem

Productivity

37 GtCO2 yr

Disturbance

(Fire, ..)

26,4 GtCO2 yr

Net Biome

Productivity

10,6 GtCO2 yr

Agricultural practices- Conservation agriculture,

agroforestry (P)- Shoot / root ratio (C)- Soil & Rhizosphere

INITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

How ?

GPP

451 GtCO2 yrPlant Resp

220 GtCO2 yr

Net Primary

Productivity

231 GtCO2 yr

Heterotrophic

Respiration

Exportations

194 GtCO2 yr

Net Ecosystem

Productivity

37 GtCO2 yr

Disturbance

(Fire, ..)

26,4 GtCO2 yr

Net Biome

Productivity

10,6 GtCO2 yr

Use of the biomass(P, R, G)Monitor

plant quality (C)

> A strong political message

> Mobilization of knowledges :

interdisciplinary approaches towards a

common goal

> Combination and loops between several

levels

> Metrics and regular improvementsINITIATIVE 4PER 1 000

4 ‰ INITIATIVE

Upscaling or downscaling ?

4 ‰ INITIATIVE

Soilsfor foodsecurityand climatechange

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