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1. What will there attitude of school be?

2. What set would they be in?

3. How would they behave in school?

4. What would their status be in school?

Summarise the ethnic

differences in achievement

79 per cent of Chinese girls 70 per cent of Chinese boys

72 per cent of Indian girls 62 per cent of Indian boys

27 per cent of Black Caribbean boys 44 per cent of Black Caribbean girls

2004, five or more GCSE grades A*-C in England:

Below average reading ability Fewer GCSE results than Whites & Indians Males- over represented in SEN units 3- 6 times more likely to be permenantly

excluded from school Over- represented in lower streams Least likely to stay on in post 16 ed- if they

do, more likely to take vocational qualification

Bangladeshi, Black Caribbean and Pakistani groups were less likely than White British people to have a degree or equivalent.

Most likely to have degrees:

Chinese (31%), Indian (25%) White British (17%)

write down your thoughts about how each factor may impact on ethnic differences

Cultural Deprivation Material Deprivation Racism

Think sociologically: Think about how different ethnicity’s may be affected by each factor

Many children from low income black families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences- poorly equipped for school

Bereiter and Engelmann- language spoken by low income black American families as inadequate for educational success- ungrammatical, disjointed

Black children are socialised into a subculture which instils fatalistic, ‘live for today’ attitude that does not value education and doesn’t motivate success

Failure to socialise children adequately is the result of dysfunctional family structure

Moynihan (1965)- many black families headed by lone mother= poor care due to lack of money= absence of father figure lacks male role models

Vicious cycle- inadequate socialisation= failure at school= become inadequate parent!

Flew (1984)- ethnic differences in achievement stem from cultural differences outside the education system, not within it

Pryce (1979)- compared family structure of asian and black families

Asian= more resistant to racism which gives them self worth

Black= culture is less cohesive, less resistant to racism which results in low self esteem

Why do you think this is?

Drive and Ballard (1981)- Asian families bring educational benefits

More positive attitudes towards education Higher aspirations for future

Lupton (2004)- adult authority is similar to model that operates in schools

Respect towards adults

AO2= Khan (1979) found Asian families to be stress ridden- controlling!!

80% of 11-16 old ethnic minority pupils aspired to got to university

Only 68% of white pupils did!

This lower level of aspiration and achievement may be a result of a lack of parental support

How can we criticise cultural

deprivation theory?

Flaherty (2004): ethnic minorities are more likely to face material deprivation

Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are over 3 times more likely than whites to be in the poorest 5th of population

Unemployment is 3x higher in African and Bangladeshi/Pakistani people than for whites

Pakistanis are 2x likely to be in unskilled/semi skilled jobs compared to whites

Parallel in school Swann report (1985)- social class accounts

for at least 50% of the difference in achievement between ethnic groups

Need to take class into account when we compare educational achievements of ethnicities- not just all cultural deprivation!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLCd16xHDiY

Mason (1995) “ discrimination is a continuing and persistent feature of the experience of Britain’s citizens of minority ethnic origin!”

Rex (1986)- racial discrimination leads to social exclusion= worsens the poverty!

Noon (1993)- sent identical pairs of letters of enquiry about future employment opportunities to the top 100 UK companies

signed by fictitious applicants called ‘Evan and Patel’ with same qualifications and experience

More encouraging to the white candidate

Explains how children of ethnic minorities may not be encouraged to achieve!

Write down each ethnic minority which we have looked at today, (white, Asian, Black, Bangladeshi, Pakistani)

Label around each ethnicity how their achievement is impacted by external factors; cultural deprivation, material deprivation and racism

Note: most research has been carried out on black people so leave a lot of space!!

Lack intellectual stimulation

and enriching

experiences

Family structure is less cohesive

and less resistant to racism= low self esteem and underachieveme

nt

Prepare for timed assessment on Tuesday (period 6)

“Using material from Item A and elsewhere, assess the view that working-class under-achievement in education is the result of home circumstances and family background.”(20 marks)