social drinking

1 ©Copyright by AB. PRASAAD

SOCIAL DRINKINGSOCIAL DRINKING

A PRESENTATIONBy

A B PRASAD

DRINKING CULTURE• Refers to customs and practices associated with

consumption of alcoholic beverages• Alcoholic beverages and social attitudes towards

drinking vary round the world• Every civilization has independently discovered the

process of brewing beer, fermenting wine and distilling spirits

• Alcohol and its effects have been present in societies through out history

• Drinking is documented in the Hebrew and Christian bibles and in Greek literature

Social Drinking• Casual drinking in a social setting without an intent

to get drunk• Good news is often celebrated by a group of

people having a few drinks Example: Drinks may be served to “Wet the baby’s

head” in the celebration of a birth

• Buying some one a drink is a gesture of goodwill• It may be expression of gratitude or it may work

the resolution of dispute

Alcoholic Beverages• Contains Ethanol, commonly known as alcohol• 3 General classes1. Beer2. Wines3. Spirits

• Legally consumed in many countries• Over 100 countries have laws regulating their

production, sale and consumption• Min. Age-16 to 25 years

• Many nations set at 18 years• An important part of social events• Beer and wine are produced by fermentation of

sugar or starch containing plant material• Beverages produced by fermentation followed by

distillation have higher alcohol content are known as spirits

BEER• Oldest and widely consumed alcoholic beverage• Third most popular after water and tea• Produced by brewing and fermentation of malted

barley• Wheat, rice and maize are also used• Alcoholic beverages fermented from non cereal

sources (Grapes or Honey) or are fermented from unmalted cereal are not classifies as beer

BEER• Two types of Beer1. Lager2. Ale a. Pale ale b. Stout c. Brown ale Alcohol Content: 4% to 6% varies from 2% to (ABV) some times 12%)

LagerLagerLager

WINE• Mainly produced from grapes• Also produced from plums, cherries or apples• Fermentation Involves longer process than beer

and long aging process (Months or years)• Alcohol: 9% to 16% (Alcohol by volume)

WINE• Sparkling wine (Champagne) is made from

secondary fermentation• Fortified wine (Sherry and Port) is made by adding

brandy

SPIRITS• Unsweetened, distilled alcoholic beverage

containing more than 20% alcohol (ABV)• Spirits are produced by the distillation of

fermented base product

IMPORTANT SPIRITS• WHISKY• RUM• BRANDY• VODKA• GIN• LIQUEURS• TEQUILA

IngredientsGrains

Source Name of fermented beverage

Name of distilled beverage

Barley Beer, ale, barley wine Scotch whisky, Irish whiskey, shōchū (mugijōchū) (Japan)

Rye Rye beer, kvass Rye whiskey, vodka (Poland), Korn (Germany)

corn chicha, corn beer, tesguino

Bourbon whiskey; and vodka (rarely)

Source Name of fermented beverage Name of distilled beverage

wheat wheat beer horilka (Ukraine), vodka, wheat whisky, weizenkorn (Germany)

sorghum burukutu (Nigeria), pito (Ghana), merisa (southern Sudan), bilibili (Chad, Central African Republic, Cameroon

maotai, gaoliang, certain other types of baijiu (China

millet millet beer (Sub-Saharan Africa), tongba (Nepal, Tibet), boza (the Balkans, Turkey)

rice beer, brem (Bali), huangjiu and choujiu (China), Ruou gao (Vietnam), sake(Japan), sonti (India), makgeolli (Korea), tuak (Borneo Island), thwon (Nepal)

aila[disambiguation needed ] (Nepal), rice baijiu (China),shōchū (komejōchū) and awamori (Japan), soju (Korea

Fruit juice Source Name of

fermented beverage

juice ofgrapes, wine brandy, Cognac (France), Vermouth, Armagnac (France), Branntwein (Germany),pisco (Peru, Chile), Rakia (The Balkans, Turkey), singani (Bolivia), Arak (Syria, Lebanon, Jordan), törkölypálinka (Hungary)

juice ofapples cider (U.S.: "hard cider"), Apfelwein

applejack (or apple brandy), calvados, cider

juice of pears perry, or pear cider; poiré (France

Poire Williams, pear brandy, Eau-de-vie (France), pálinka (Hungary)

juice ofplums plum wine slivovitz, țuică, umeshu, pálinka

juice ofpineapples tepache (Mexico)

bananas orplantains Chuoi hot (Vietnam), urgwagwa (Uganda, Rwanda), mbege(with millet malt; Tanzania), kasikisi (with sorghum malt; Democratic Republic of the Congo

gouqi gouqi jiu (China) gouqi jiu (China)

coconut Toddy (Sri Lanka arrack, lambanog (Sri Lanka, India, Philippines)

ginger with sugar, ginger with raisins

ginger ale, ginger beer,

ginger wine Myrica rubra yangmei jiu (China) yangmei jiu (China)

pomace pomace wine Raki/Ouzo/Pastis/Sambuca (Turkey/Greece/France/Italy), tsipouro/tsikoudia(Greece), grappa (Italy), Trester (Germany), marc (France), zivania (Cyprus),aguardente (Portugal), tescovină (Romania), Arak (Iraq)

VegetablesSource Name of fermented

beverageName of distilled beverage

juice of ginger root ginger beer (Botswana)

potato potato beer horilka (Ukraine), vodka (Poland and Germany), akvavit (Scandinavia),poitín (poteen) (Ireland)

sweet potato shōchū (imojōchū) (Japan), soju (Korea)

cassava/manioc/yuca nihamanchi (South America), kasiri (Sub-Saharan Africa),chicha (Ecuador)

juice of sugarcane, ormolasses

basi, betsa-betsa (regional)

rum (Caribbean), pinga or cachaça (Brasil), aguardiente, guaro

juice of agave pulque tequila, mezcal, raicilla

Other ingredientsSource Name of fermented beverage Name of distilled beverage

sap of palm coyol wine (Central America), tembo (Sub-Saharan Africa), toddy(Indian subcontinent)

sap of Arenga pinnata, Coconut,Borassus flabellifer

Tuak (Indonesia) Arrack

honey mead, horilka (Ukraine), tej (Ethiopia)

distilled mead (mead brandy or honey brandy)

Source Name of fermented beverage

milk kumis, kefir, blaand arkhi (Mongolia)

sugar kilju and mead or sima (Finland)

shōchū (kokutō shōchū): made from brown sugar (Japan)

• On a per capita basis here are the top 20 drinking countries in the world:• Luxembourg• Hungary• Czech Republic• Ireland (Hello, Paragon Relocation Dublin office!)• Germany• Spain• Portugal• United Kingdom• Denmark• Austria• France• Cyprus• Switzerland• Belgium• Russia• Slovakia• Latvia• Romania• Finland• Netherlands• Other countries of note that didn’t make the top 20 list include Italy (24), the United States (26), Brazil (41), China

(42), and Mexico (45).

ALCOHOL CONTENT IN BEVERAGES• Stated as ABV or as proof• Alcohol by volume at 60 degrees F• 80 proof is 40% by volume• Yeasts cannot reproduce if alcohol is higher than

18%-Practical limit for fermented beverages

Standard Drink• It is to quantify alcohol intake• One standard drink always contains the same

amount of alcohol regard less of serving size or type of beverage

• Varies from country to country

What Is A Standard Drink?

• Alcohol is a moderately good solvent• Flavoring and coloring is possible• Flash point = Ignition temperature• 40% ABV = 79 Degrees F(26 degrees C)• Pure Alcohol = 62.88 Degrees F (17.6 Degrees C)

DRINKING ETIQUETTETHE GUZZLERS BEER:• Best consumed directly from the bottle (This helps

preserve the foam-But it is a not a good etiquette)• Glass: Classic Pilsner style glass, Beer goblet or

BEER• The Pour: Only specific for the beer- not for other

drinks• Preferable to have a few inches of foam at the top

of the glass as it keeps beer fresher, by preventing the bubbles from escaping

• To give your glass of beer a nice head, tilt it while pouring and gradually straighten the glass

• Avoid the bottle touching the glass• Serve at 4 to 5 Degrees C

The Sniffers wine• Holding the wine glass is an art and technique• Glass- 2 types a. With stem b. Without stem• Stemmed glasses for wine and champagne• White wine glass has a smaller bowl than red wine

• Champagne is best consumed in a flute as opposed to the earlier saucers

• Hold it by stem as it looks elegant and prevents transferring warmth of your hand to the bowl of the glass

• Pinch the stem between your index finger and thumb

• Wine glass should only a quarter to a third full• Hold it at empty portion• Serve at: White wine – 8 to 10 Degrees C Red wine – 16 to 18 Degrees C Champagne – 5 to 6 Degrees C

THE TASTERS WHISKY• There is no right way or wrong way to drink whisky• Some prefer Tulipglass to traditional high ball• Neat or with water/soda and ice• For single malt there are some interestingly

shaped glasses• Glencairn Glass

• Finer scotches or single malt - drink neat• Neat with a splash of cold water to release aroma• Smell before you start drinking and sip swirl like

wine• Fine whisky must be enjoyed slowly

The shooters white spiritsVodka and tequila

• Best as shots• Also ideal as mixed drinks• Tall glass known as highball if you are adding a

mixer and ice• If you like it neat- pick a shot glass

• Put them in a freezer before drinking neat• Chilled shot- you won’t need salt or lime• It’s a sin to dilute with any thing, the finer and

aged variants

jose cuervo 1800-Tequila Coleccion tequila

Tequila shot

The shooters dark spiritsRum and cognac

• Fine cognac shouldn’t be diluted• Mixed drink or straight up• Glass: Mixed drink – Highball• Rum and water – Low ball• Warm cognac in your hand to• let the flavors flow

GIN• It’s a combination of alcohol, water and various

flavors• Doesn’t improve with age• Fans from all age groups and both sexes• Traditionally used as a health tonic• Made from any spirit

• 3 categories of Gin• Distilled Gin• Compound Gin• Dry Gin• First developed as a medicinal tonic• It has less calories

• In addition to the spirit, a collection of botanicals and juniper berries play an important part

• Lemon, orange peel, cinnamon, lime peel, coriander, nutmeg, preservatives and colorants are added

• Rarely consumed alone• Used for making cocktails

LIQUEURS• Alcoholic beverage flavored with fruit, herbs,

spices, flowers, cream and bottled with added sugar

• Quiet sweet• Not aged for long

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• The distinction between spirit and liqueur• Some spirits are also flavored (flavored vodka)• Liqueurs contain added sugar but not spirits• Dessert wines taste like liqueurs• Dessert wine doesn’t contain sugar

LIQUEURS• Low alcohol content than spirits• 15% to 30% ABV • Some liqueurs contain 55%• They are often served with or after dessert• They are served by themselves, poured over ice,

with coffee, mixed with cream or other mixers to create cocktails

List of Liqueurs• Berry Liqueurs• Chocolate Liqueurs• Coffee Liqueurs• Cream Liqueurs• Flower Liqueurs• Fruit Liqueurs• Herbal Liqueurs• Honey Liqueurs• Nut flavored Liqueurs• Whisky Liqueurs

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Ouzo_-_plomari.jpg

• Downing a drink doesn't require any specific skill• Avoid dribbling it down your chin• Picking correct glass• Pouring it the right way• Etiquette is for greater enjoyment of your experience

Free Drinks in various cultures and traditions• Wedding receptions• To increase attendance at a social or business

function• Offered to casino patrons to entice them to

continue gambling• ‘Happy hours’ in star hotels• “Ladies drink free” at some bars to attract women( who would attract more men)

Session Drinking• Drinking a large quantity of beer during a session

(Specific period of time) without becoming intoxicated

• Beer contains low alcohol content (4% to 5%)

Binge Drinking• Drinking solely for intoxication• The national institute of alcohol abuse and

alcoholism (NIAA), defines binge drinking where blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is 0.08 grams percent or above

• Men consuming 5 or more drinks in 2 hours• Women consuming 4 drinks• In UK, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, USA,

Northern Europe, Belgium university students indulge in Binge drinking

Speed drinking or competitive drinking• Drinking in a shortest period of time without the

intention of intoxication• Guinness world records listed several records• Bob Hawke, the former Australian PM was

immortalized in the Guinness book of records for sculling 2.5 pints of beer in 11 seconds

• Banned in 1991 (Guinness world records)

Why social drinking?• Drinking is relaxing for many people• Is a social norm in many cultures• Social lubricant – making people feel more at ease

when meeting others

What is not a part of social drinking?• Drinking to get drunk• Drinking and driving• Binge drinking• Drunken sex• Stumbling or slurring your speech• Black outs • Vomiting• Alcohol poisioning

How to be a successful social drinker?• Set limits before you drink• Drink moderately (Up to 3 drinks)• Don’t take multiple shots• Avoid drinking alone• Don’t play drinking games• Intersperse non-alcoholic drinks with alcoholic

drinks• Avoid taking drinks on empty stomach

Drinking Etiquette

• Never pour your own beverage• Some one will pour it for you• You must pour for others• Glasses should never be empty• For the purpose of buying drinks In a pub, the new

comer should offer a drink to a companion• Drink at lunch and dinner

Uses• Consumption of alcoholic drinks was a way of of of

of avoiding water-borne diseases• Alcohol kills bacteria• Alcohol content of the beverages allows them to

be stored for years• Commonly kept aboard sailing vessels as an

important source of hydration for the crew (Beer)

• In cold climates keeps the body warm• It dilates peripheral blood vessels• Quickly absorbed source of food energy• Blood alcohol level up to 0.05% is considered

within social drinking range

Calories in alcoholic drinks

Alcoholic drink

Serve size Calories per serve

Alcohol (grams)

Beer 5% 375 ml 135 cals 18.8g

White wine dry

200ml glass 135 cals 18.3g

Red wine 200ml glass 133 cals 18.3g

Spirits 1 nip 30ml 60 cals 12g

Prohibition

• The legal act of prohibiting the manufacture, transportation and sale of alcohol and alcoholic beverages

• Introduced and became unpopular in many countries

• Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Sudan, Pakistan, Iran, Libya have prohibition

Effects of Alcohol• It is a Psychoactive drug that has a depressant

effect• High blood alcohol content reduces attention and

slows reaction speed• Addiction to alcohol is known as alcoholism

Effect of Alcohol on health• Short term – Intoxication and dehydration• Change in the metabolism of liver, brain and

alcoholism• Slurred speech, clumsiness and delayed reflexes

(Brain)• Severe alcohol poison can be fatal• Can result in low blood sugar

• Ordinary intoxication – 0.08% (Blood alcohol content)• 0.45% is fatal• Some people have low tolerance for alcohol• Results in vomiting or unconsciousness• Chronic drinkers can remain conscious even at

0.40%• Proclivity to alcoholism is partially genetic

Effects of Alcohol• Thiamine deficiency (Vitamin B)• Dementia• Muscle cramps• Nausea• Loss of appetite• Nerve disorders• Depression• Osteoporosis (Due to deficiency of vitamin D)

• Moderate drinkers 35% less likely to have heart attack• Reduced rate of coronary heart disease• Daily consumption increases the risk of cancer• Red wine protects against cancer• Diabetes people should avoid sugary drinks such

as dessert wines and liqueurs• Moderate drinking increases longevity

Alcohol expectation

• Beliefs ratify behavior• People tend to confirm to social expectations

social drinking

corn beer

beer oldest

social events beer

process of brewing beer

years alcohol

alcohol abv spirits

shch mugijch japan rye

fermenting wine

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