são paulo research foundation - fapesp
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são paulo research foundation
50 Years of supportinG science in são paulo, BraZil
the são paulo research foundation (fapesp) is a major funding
agency for scientific research in Brazil. its mission is to foster scientific
research in all fields of knowledge by awarding scholarships,
fellowships and grants to investigators who are linked with higher
education or research institutions in the state of são paulo, Brazil.
in the past 50 years, fapesp has granted approximately 112,000
scholarships and fellowships (from undergraduate to postdoctoral
studies), provided financial aid to more than 96,000 research
projects (regular or thematic), and contributed remarkably
towards improving the research infrastructure in the state of são
paulo.
the foundation also fosters research in areas that are considered
strategic for the country and crucial for the advancement of
science worldwide. thus, fapesp supports ambitious research
programs in important fields such as biodiversity, bioenergy and
global climate change.
fapesp resources are guaranteed by the state constitution, which
provides 1% of the state´s tax revenue to the funding agency. in
accordance with the law, the foundation cannot devote more
than 5% of its budget to administrative costs. therefore, fapesp
enjoys complete administrative and financial autonomy.
in addition to projects financed exclusively through its own means,
the foundation maintains cooperative agreements with national
and international research funding bodies, foreign institutions of
higher education and research, and private companies.
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investiment in scientific research
fapesp’s research expenditures totalized Brl 939 million (usd
560 million) in 2011, which represents a growth of more than 20%
compared with 2010. and the cumulative growth was greater
than 90% over the last ten years.
annually, the foundation’s expenditures are distributed with
more than 50% earmarked for academic research (primarily basic
research), approximately 30% for scholarships and fellowships,
and nearly 10% targeted to research focusing on applications (in
small companies, by means of partnerships between universities
and companies, and in public policies).
the evolution of fapesp eXpenditures*2005 – 2011
* in million of usd ppp (purchasing power parity)
355 374 385425
436
500
560600
500
400
300
200
100
0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
how support is provided
scholarships and fellowships for research in Brazil are offered in
the following modalities: scientific initiation, masters, doctorate,
honors doctorate and post-doctorate. for study abroad, fapesp
provides research stages in all modalities, of short or medium
terms, as part of the scholarships or fellowships enjoyed by the
beneficiaries in Brazil; and fellowships, to doctors.
support for academic research is provided mainly by the regular
research awards, which are given to individual researchers,
and the thematic projects awards, which are given to research
groups, for projects that justify long-term funding and particularly
favorable support conditions.
evolution of the annual numBer or valid scholarships and fellowships, 2005 – 2011
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
7,8228,279
9,27710,017
10,705 10,824 11,188
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
additionally, fapesp maintains several special programs, including
the Young investigators awards, which support the creation of
new research groups, led by highly promising young scientists in
any field of study. there are also programs devoted to improving
the research infrastructure within institutions.
the support for research targeted towards applications
emphasizes issues considered strategic for Brazil and crucial for
the advancement of science worldwide, such as biodiversity,
bioenergy and global climate change. this support also includes
brain studies and researches for technological innovation (in
small companies, by means of partnerships between universities
and companies, and in public policies).
ho
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evolution of the numBer of new research proJects awarded BY fapesp, 2005 – 2010
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
8,162
10,05710,587
11,336 11,470 11,55512,451
advanced research in strateGic areas
fapesp’s Biodiversity, Bioenergy and Global climate change
research programs are examples of the constant stimulus provided
by the foundation to groundbreaking studies investigating
topics of utmost importance in the scientific literature and in the
international press. with clear interfaces, multidisciplinary projects
that are contemplated by these programs investigate subjects
that include surveying, characterizing, conserving and promoting
the sustainable use of ecosystems; developing the production
of renewable biofuels; and supporting the formulation of public
policies regarding the risk assessment, the mitigation of effects
and the adaptation to global climate change.
Biota-fapesp proGram (Biota)
Brazil has one of the largest collections of natural resources in the
world. the country encompasses six large biomes — amazonia,
caatinga (scrubland), atlantic forest, cerrado (savannah), pantanal
(wetlands) and pampa (grassland) — originally distributed across
8.5 million square kilometers of the continent and more than 8
thousand kilometers of the coast. Between 15 to 20 percent of the
planet’s biodiversity is within Brazilian territory.
despite its intense urbanization and high density of occupation and
use of the land, the state of são paulo, located in the southeastern
region of Brazil, possesses extremely rich biological diversity. it is
estimated that the number of plant species in são paulo territory
corresponds to two thirds of that registered throughout the entire
european continent.
foto Biota
created in 1999, the Biota-fapesp program has the principal
objectives of cataloguing and characterizing the biodiversity of
the state of são paulo, defining the mechanisms for its conser-
vation, evaluating its economic potential and stimulating its
sustainable use.
for over 10 years, the Biota-fapesp program has been a conserva-
tion initiative with a solid scientific foundation. research includes
molecular genetics for species classification; evolution studies
to understand the origin of processes that generate, conserve or
reduce biodiversity; and investigation of the human dimensions of
conservation and sustainable usage. scientists participating in this
program have published approximately 700 scientific articles and
catalogued more than 1,800 new species. the program has drafted
two maps that identify conservation areas based on 151,000 records
of more than 9,000 species. Based on this research, 14 government
decisions regarding the conservation of threatened biomes have
been included in the legislation of the state of são paulo.
www.fapesp.br/en/biota
fapesp research proGram on GloBal climate chanGe (rpGcc)
the need for studies examining climate change is especially
important in Brazil, given the continental dimension of the
country; the significant dependence of its economic base on
renewable natural resources; and the significant alteration
of the vegetal cover that has already occurred in the atlantic
forest and the cerrado, and is in rapid process in the amazonia.
furthermore, it should be considered the increasing emissions of
greenhouse gases and aerosols, resulting from the combustion
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foto Biota
of fossil fuels and industrial and agricultural processes. a bold
study that includes all of these variables and associates them with
natural factors is essential for the formulation of public policies
concerning the risk assessment, the mitigation of effects, and the
adaptation to changes.
the fapesp research program on Global climate change (rpGcc)
is an ambitious initiative in this direction. the program supports
multidisciplinary research projects for up to six years. one major
goal is to organize a Brazilian model of the global climatic system
by 2013, with a focus on key regional issues, such as the amazon,
the cerrado and the south atlantic regions.
to develop this project, fapesp and the science and technology
ministry acquired a high performance supercomputer that has the
capacity to create and analyze global climatic models. this acquisition
places the country among the world’s most important centers for
climatic studies. the equipment – named tupã in reference to the god
of thunder in native Brazilian mythology – has a peak performance
of 244 teraflops (trillions of floating point operations per second).
the new system incorporates recent advances in the studies of
numerical modeling, climate change modeling, data assimilation,
chemicals and aerosols, atmosphere, oceans, and vegetation.
the program will conduct analysis on the interactions between
the multiple elements of the terrestrial system to understand
the influence of anthropogenic actions, such as greenhouse gas
emissions, changes in vegetation and the effects of urbanization,
on the climate. studies examining nitrogen and carbon cycles
in nature and their impact on agriculture and livestock are also
among the research topics.
http://www.fapesp.br/en/rpgcc
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fapesp BioenerGY research proGram (Bioen)
Brazil is outstanding as the world´s most intensive user of
bioethanol as a clean alternative to gasoline for powering
transport. the Brazilian experience has shown that sugarcane is an
extremely viable crop for the production of renewable bioenergy.
actually, the total area in which sugarcane is planted in Brazil is
approximately 7 million hectares, which is only 2%-3% of the total
area devoted to agriculture. and, despite that low percentage,
total bioethanol production is projected at nearly 24 billion liters
for the harvest of 2012/13.
the fapesp Bioenergy research program (Bioen) has three main
goals: to increase sugarcane productivity with molecular biology,
to assess and mitigate the environmental and socioeconomic
impacts of bioenergy production and to generate knowledge
to assure Brazil’s position among the world leaders in bioenergy
research and industry. thus, Bioen seeks to articulate the research
conducted at universities and research centers with studies
conducted in industrial laboratories.
surveys occur in the following five main areas:
• Biomassforbioenergy(focusingonsugarcane)
• Processofproductionofbiofuels
• Biorefineriesandalcoholchemistry
• Applicationsofethanolinautomotiveengines
• Environmentalandsocio-economicimpactsandlanduse
www.fapesp.br/en/bioen
national and international
partnerships and aGreements
fapesp is aware that exchanges and joint projects are essential
to the improvement of Brazilian research. therefore, it has
established partnerships with funding agencies, higher education
and research organizations, and companies both in the country
and abroad. the following is a list of fapesp’s partners:
research fundinG aGencies
Argentina
• Conicet,ConsejoNacionaldeInvestigacionesCientíficasyTécnicas
Brazil
• CNPq,ConselhoNacionaldeDesenvolvimentoCientíficoeTecnológico
• Condephaat,ConselhodeDefesadoPatrimônioHistórico,Arqueológico,
ArtísticoeTurísticodoEstado
• Facepe,FundaçãodeAmparoàCiênciaeTecnologiadePernambuco
• Fapeam,FundaçãodeAmparoàPesquisadoEstadodeAmazonas
• Fapema,FundaçãodeAmparoàPesquisaeaoDesenvolvimento
CientíficoeTecnológicodoMaranhão
• Fapemig,FundaçãodeAmparoàPesquisadoEstadodeMinasGerais
• Faperj,FundaçãodeAmparoàPesquisadoEstadodoRiodeJaneiro
• Finep,FinanciadoradeEstudoseProjetos
• FundaçãoMariaCecíliaSoutoVidigal
• FundaçãoPadreAnchieta
• Vitae,ApoioàCultura,EducaçãoePromoçãoSocial
Canada
• AUF,AgenceUniversitairedelaFrancophonie
• ISTPCanada,InternationalScienceandTechnologyPartnerships
• NSERC,NaturalSciencesandEngineeringResearchCouncilofCanada
Denmark
• DCSR,DanishCouncilforStrategicResearch
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France
• ANR,AgenceNationaledelaRecherche
• CNRS,CentreNationaldelaRechercheScientifique
• RégionProvence-Alpes-Côted’Azur
Germany
• DAAD,DeutscherAkademischerAustauschdienst
• DFG,DeutscheForschungsgemeinscharf
• STMWFK,BayerischeStaatsministeriumfürWissenschaft,Forschung
undKunst
United Kingdom
• BritishCouncil
• RCUK,ResearchCouncilsUnitedKingdom
United States
• FulbrightFoundation–Dr.RuthCardosoProgram
(fapesp/capes/fullbright/uc)
• NSF,NationalScienceFoundation
• UT-Battelle(OakRidgeNationalLaboratory)
hiGher education and research institutes
Canada
• Caldo,ConsortiumofAlberta,Laval,DalhousieandOttawa
• McMasterUniversity
• UniversityofOntarioInstituteofTechnology
• SimonFraser,Concordia,YorkandRyersonUniversities
• TorontoandWesternOntarioUniversities
• UniversityofVictoria
Europa
• CERN,WorldwideLHCComputingGrid
France
• Cirad,CentredeCoopérationInternationaleenRechercheAgronomique
pourleDéveloppement
• ENS,EcoleNormaleSupérieure,EscolaNormalSuperior
• Inra,InstitutNationaldelaRechercheAgronomique
• Inria,InstitutNationaldeRechercheenInformatiqueetenAutomatique
• Inserm,InstitutNationaldelaSantéetdelaRechercheMédicale
Israel
• TheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem
• TelAvivUniversity
Mexico
• InstitutodeInnovacióndeNuevoLeón,InstitutodeInovação
deNovoLeón
Netherlands
• BE-Basic,Bio-basedEcologicallyBalancedSustainableIndustrialChemistry
• ErasmusUniversiteitRotterdam
Spain
• UniversidaddeSalamanca
Switzerland
• LudwigInstitut
United Kingtom
• King’sCollegeLondon
• UniversityofNottingham
• UniversityofSurrey
• UniversityofSouthampton
United States
• MIT,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology
• NorthCarolinaStateUniversity
• UniversityofCalifornia–Dr.RuthCardosoProgram
(fapesp/capes/fulbright/uc)
• TheMuseumofFineArts,Houston
• UniversityofSouthernCalifornia
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internacional institutions
• Iupac,InternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry
• Ciam,ColaboraciónInteramericanaenMateriales
companies
Brazil
• Biolab
• BPBiocombustíveis
• Braskem
• Ci&TeDigitalAssets
• DediniindústriasdeBase
• Embraer
• ETHBioenergia
• GlaxoSmithKline-Brasil
• JPIndústriaFarmacêutica
• Natura
• OuroFinoSaúdeAnimal
• Oxiteno
• Padtec
• Petrobras
• ReceptaBiopharmaePR&DBiotech
• Sabesp
• SuzanoPapeleCelulose
• Vale(withFapemigeFapespa)
• Whirlpool
United Kingtom
• ImprimaturCapital
United States
• AgilentTechnologies
• Boeing
• MicrosoftResearch
www.fapesp.br/en/agreements
advanced proJects Broaden opportunities to BrinG foreiGners to são paulo
well-educated scientific researchers who reside abroad are
eligible to compete for research positions in projects developed in
the são paulo excellence centers. fapesp has ongoing programs
and support mechanisms that have attracted dozens of foreign
scientists in recent years.
with ambitious objectives, the thematic projects offer the greatest
number of opportunities in all expertise areas for foreign scholars
to participate in postdoctoral research, by applying for fapesp’s
scholarships of up to us$ 34,000 annually for up to four years.
the thematic projects are comprised of experienced scientists
(renowned leaders in their research areas) who collaborate for
up to six years. in 2011, fapesp spent us$ 45 million to support
thematic projects. fapesp’s web site contains a list of the 1,452
thematic projects that have been completed or are still ongoing,
all of which are supported by the foundation: www.bv.fapesp.br/
en/1/thematic-projects.
information regarding open opportunities can be accessed at
www.fapesp.br/oportunidades.
the excellence centers that were created in 2000 are available
to host researchers from other countries who are interested in
assembling teams for complex multidisciplinary studies, which
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would involve knowledge transfer from research to industry
and the public sector. the 11 ridcs (research, innovation and
dissemination center) that were established in são paulo can
host international postdoctoral scholars interested in conducting
research examining the human genome, cancer, cellular therapy,
optics and photonics, among other major topics. the studies thus
far have resulted in significant advances in the understanding of
endemic tropical disease, hiv, agricultural plagues and tumors.
since the creation of the ridcs, they have received us$ 107
million to support implementation, with the goal of creating
autonomous centers within a set period of time.
www.fapesp.br/en/ridc
the Young investigators award offers fellowship opportunities
of up to us$ 38,000 for projects examining topics relevant to
international academic research. recent graduates who have
produced relevant scientific findings and who have feasible, solid
and innovative proposals can collaborate with research teams
that are being formed at existing são paulo centers or can form
new groups in institutions that do not have a research tradition
in the subject in the state. in 2011, fapesp’s expenditures for this
program were us$ 21 million. information about the program is
available at: www.fapesp.br/en/yia.
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são paulo and BraZilian science
with a population of more than 40 million inhabitants, the state of
são paulo is responsible for 31% of Brazil´s Gdp and for more than
a half of the scientific production of the country. the state hosts six
large public universities – the university of são paulo (usp), the state
university of campinas (unicamp), the são paulo state university
(unesp), the federal university of são paulo (unifesp), the federal
university of são carlos (ufscar) and the federal university of aBc
(ufaBc) – as well as numerous private universities.
ranked among the 70 most respected universities in the world (the
times higher education, 2012), usp is also the one that graduate
more doctors in the globe (academic ranking of world universities,
2012), with 2,191 doctors graduating in 2011. unicamp and unesp
also maintain a high performance standard.
the state also hosts 19 research institutes, including the
technological institute of aeronautics (ita), the national institute
for space research (inpe) and the Brazilian synchrotron light
Laboratory (LNLS), as well as most of Brazil’s industrial R&D. The
state itself publishes more scientific papers than any country in
latin america, with the exception of Brazil.
www.fapesp.br/en
http://www.fapesp.br/en
Secretaria de DesenvolvimentoEconômico, Ciência e Tecnologia
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