smartphone as a personal pervasive health information services platform

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

Smartphones & Apps for Older Adults Quality of Life research group

Dr Katarzyna Wac katarzyna.wac@unige.ch

CODATA, 25th - 27th February 2013

health is our most precious asset

The Paradox

Living longer… …but sicker

Percentage of Deaths

[United  Na+ons,  2009;  WHO,  2009]  

Healthcare: Today & Tomorrow

older society unhealthy lifestyle chronic diseases high cost centralized

episodic cure

affordable health for everyone

continuous care

patient empowerment & continuous efficient effective healthcare

Smartphone Factor

Smartphones Users

[Smith,  A.,  Smartphone  Adop+on  and  Usage,  Pew  Research  Center's  Internet  &  American  Life  Project,  Pew  Internet  &  American  Life  Project,  July  2011]  

•  6 billion mobile phone subscribers •  83% US adults have a cell phone of some kind: 42% - smartphone

–  87% of smartphone owners access Internet/email on phone, 68% - daily

Smartphones Users

•  How far is your phone? •  53% arm & 88% room level

•  What factors in#uence your smartphone experience?

[S.  Ickin,  K.  Wac,  et  al.,  Factors  Influencing  Quality  of  Experience  of  Commonly-­‐Used  Mobile  Applica+ons,  IEEE  COMMAG,  2012  ]  [A.  Dey,  K.  Wac,  et  al.,  Ge[ng  Closer:  An  Empirical  Inves+ga+on  of  the  Proximity  of  User  to  Their  Smart  Phones,  ACM  UBICOMP,  2011  ]  

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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QoL Research Projects

Ambient Assisted Living •  TraiNutri (AAL-2) •  WayFiS (AAL-3) •  MyGuardian (AAL-4)

User-centered design?

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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AAL-2 TraiNutri

TRAINing and NUTRItion senior social platform

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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TraiNutri

Targets •  Raise consciousness about self wellness •  Help people (50-65 years old) to develop healthy habits •  Enable the exchange of knowledge related to healthy

physical activity and nutritional habits

•  Consortium –  Spain, Greece, Switzerland, the Netherlands

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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ALE Algorithm: Raw Data & Sample Median

[Papers:  GHF’12,  AAAI‘12,  IWFAR’11,  SAA‘11]  

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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QoL: Physical Activity Level Monitoring

[Papers:  GHF’12,  AAAI‘12,  IWFAR’11,  SAA‘11]  

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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AAL-3 WayFiS

Way Finding Seniors

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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WayFiS

Targets •  Improving the capability of seniors to plan, manage and

execute travel and transportation projects taking into account their speci$c limitations and healthy habits

•  Facilitating the elderly feel healthy-well and safe •  Human-centric approach

•  Consortium –  Spain, Switzerland, Hungary

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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WayFiS Application

[Papers:  ERCIM’12,  WIGPT‘11]  

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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AAL-4 MyGuardian

A Pervasive Guardian for Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairments

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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MyGuardian

Targets •  Facilitate safe & secure mobility of seniors with mild cognitive

impairments while preserving their autonomy and dignity •  Improving wellbeing and efficiency of voluntary caregivers

by ensuring their peace of mind and keeping them informed •  Human-centric approach

•  Consortium –  Spain, Switzerland, France, the Netherlands

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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Locations/Zones & Rules

MyGuardian Example Use Case

Source:  Dutch  Freeband  AWARENESS  project  

MyGuardian

interaction

algorithms

speed

accuracy

complexity

interaction statistical signif. tests

historical data policies

user preferences

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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AAL: Example Technical Challenges

•  Performance –  ‘Best-effort’ network

infrastructures –  Delays: one way or round-

trip delays –  Throughput: consumer-

producer paradigm •  Mobility: horizontal and

vertical handovers –  Intra- and inter-operator

•  Scalability

•  Data priority over voice •  Communication costs

–  Per MByte vs. ‘#at-rate’ •  Security and Privacy

–  Data encryption •  Power consumption •  Miniaturization of sensors/actuators •  Service personalization

–  Individual user’s needs •  Standardization and interoperability

[Papers:  Wac  et  al.,  IEEE  COMMAG‘12,  IEEE  TMC‘12,  ACM  UBICOMP’11,  IEEE  JSAC’09]  

FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES ÉCONOMIQUES ET SOCIALES Institute of Services Science

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Recommendations

•  Challenges Ahead –  User acceptance –  Privacy, trust –  Interoperability, standardization –  Evaluation methods vs RCT –  Organizational issues, pathways –  Legalization, liability –  Financial aspects,

reimbursements

•  Recommendations –  mobile solutions technologically

feasible for non-critical cases –  Inter/trans-disciplinary approach

needed •  User-centered design

–  Bridge the gap via an open, trustworthy dialogue

–  Encode implicit expectations & requirements

–  Innovation: “who’s turn is now”? •  Innovating the intervention

content vs the IT infra.

[K.Wac,  Smartphone  as  a  Personal,  Pervasive  Health  Informa+cs  Services  Plaborm:  Literature  Review,  IMIA  Yearb  Med  Inform  2012  ]  

Healthcare Processes vs Smartphone

older society unhealthy lifestyle chronic diseases high cost centralized

episodic cure

affordable health for everyone

continuous care

patient empowerment & continuous efficient effective healthcare

self-­‐management            via  mHealth  

Note on Android OS •  Hardware Sensors

–  Acceleration forces in XYZ –  Gyroscope - rotation along XYZ –  Ambient light (lux) –  Pressure sensor (barometer), vibrometer –  Compass - ambient magnetic $eld in XYZ –  Proximity - near/far the object –  Temperature of battery –  Applications running, currently used application –  GPS, microphone (noise), camera, rotation, screen brightness –  WiFi, 2.5G/3G/4G, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication –  …and the phone itself (call received, missed, originated) and SMS/MMS

g.MobiLab+  by   Ac+veTwo  by  LifeShirt  by  

BioHarness  by  

ATLASense  by  

NeXus-­‐4  by   TeleCliniq  by  

[K.  Wac,  A.  Dey,  BodyNets  2010]  

EMERGE  by  

NeuroSky  

Thank You!

•  Quality of Life group •  Researching efficient and effective mobile systems

in the healthcare domain delivering validated services to patients and healthcare professionals "anywhere-anytime-anyhow”

•  Publications & information

http://www.qol.unige.ch