smart city and smart government : strategy, model, and cases of korea

The Korean Approach toSmart City and Smart Government

IT & Korea

3

“Economic revitalization is going to be propelled by a creative economy and economic democratization…. At the very heart of a creative economy lie science technology and the IT industry” (President Park Geun-hye)

4

0

15,000

30,000

45,000

60,000

85868788899091929394959697989900010203040506070809101112

53,624

37,180

18,45818,254

unit X1,000

Telephone Line

Internet User

Broadband Internet

SmartPhone

32,727

Mobile Phone

Telecommunication Internet & Mobile Smart

IT Development of Korea

Korean Population

Network Technologies (Dec 2012)

5

Satellite0%

FTTH25%

HFC27%

LAN36%

xDSL12% LTE

29%

WCDMA50%

CDMA20%

Broadband Internet Mobile

LTE36.4%

(Mar 2013)

M2M Subscribers

6

0

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Total SKT LGU⁺ KT

Source: Korea Communications Commission

M2M Services

7

Other6.9%

Facility Management13.7%

Remote Metering16.4%

Telematics19.2%

Wireless Payment(POS)43.8%

Source: www.etnews.com

8

80

85

90

95

100

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

RFID for Food Waste Children Safety

Smart PaymentBus Information

M2M Market Forecast

9

0

5

10

15

20

25

2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

Solution/Service Network HW

2.3

4.5

7.6

11.7

17.4

26

Source: KT

Unit=b USD

IoT and Smart City

10

RFID/USN M2M Internet of Things

Tipping Point

Korea

Smart City

What is Smart City?“City as a Platform : City enabling data sharing and smart services across city”

u-City

12

Why City?

0

25

50

75

100

1950 2009 2050

51.9

25

3

62.9

34.2

7.3

91.5

68.3

25.3

World PopulationUrban PopulationUrban Pop in Developing Countries

Unit=100 million

1960 2010

83%

28%

Urbanizationin Korea

City is a center of human life. In developing countries, 13,000 cities with 200,000 population will be newly created by 2050

Source: UN

13

“If the cities of the past were shaped by people,

the cities of the future are likely to be shaped by ideas,

and there are a lot of competing ones”(BBC)

14

12 u-City has been built since 2005

Types of u-City

15

New City

Whole City

Old City

Town

City Type

Scope

Songdo Pusan

Dongtan D-cube City

Is u-City an answer?

16

u-City Operating Center

What to be Improved?

17

“What is different?”

• little difference from other cities

• developer perspective

• focus on city function

• high costs and silos

• little role of citizen

Smart City

Lessons from Experiences

19

Value up Cost down

❶ Open Platform

❷ Citizen as Sensors

① Citizen Perspective

② Service-focused

③ Innovation-driven ❸ Scalable approach

④ Data Sharing ❹ Smart City Lab- collaboration with other cities

Looking for a New Strategy

20

Data

CitizenFocus on

Service

Smart City

21

ubiquitous City✓Computer

Smart City✓Service

Broadband Internet

22

“One might be surprised to discover more differences than similarities

among Smart City projects”

❶ High-tech City

• Enhancing value and attractiveness of a city

• Songdo, Dubai

❷ Smart Living and Sustainability

• Enabling sustainable economic development

• Amsterdam

❸ balanced approach

• Seoul

23

Definition of Smart City

Smart City is

“ a City as a Platform”

for Data Sharing and Smart Services across City

Smart City Platform

24

Smart CityPlatform

Geospatial Information(smart map + LBS + sensor + citizen)

Data Sharing(key city data like energy, traffic, water…...)

ICT Infrastructure

City Innovation System(Smart City Labs within and between Cities)

Private Investment&

Industrialization ofSmart Services

Smart City Architecture

25

Internet

e-Gov | e-Biz | e-Life | .........

Mail Web Apps

Internet

Smart City & Gov3.0

Talk Sense

Internet of Things

Gov that thinks(what-to-do)

Geo-Information

.....

Analyze.....

software

smartware

Data Bank

Smart Infrastructure : case of Seoul

26

Network

Mobile

Wired

Geospatial Information

Sensor

GIS

People

• u-Seoul net (2003~ )• u-Service net (2011~ )• Broadband Internet

• Public WiFi• WiBro (WiBro-WiFi Hybrid)• LTE

• Spatial Data Warehouse• 3D GIS (2012, 38%)• Semantic Map

• Mobile: Bus, Taxi• Fixed : Sensor + CCTV, WiFi

• Community Mapping

27

• Smart Device

• Fee Wifi

• Smart Literacy 600,0005 min

100,000

Smart Citizen : case of Seoul

The city of Seoul declared smart life as a basic right of all citizen

28

Community Mapping

Smart Government

Korea e-Government

30

UN e-Gov Evaluation, 2012

Seoul

Toronto

Madrid

Prague

Hong Kong

New York

Stockholm 60.26

60.49

60.81

61.72

63.63

64.31

84.74

City e-Gov Index, 2011

31

Trust in Government

Government is Scientific?

32

Evidence-based Policy

Policy-based Evidence

vs

33

“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things”

34

“There is nothing quite so useless, as doing with great efficiency, something that should not be done at all”

“It is better to do the right thing wrong than the wrong thing right”

- Peter F. Drucker -

- Russell L. Ackoff -

35

Government 3.0

Gov 1.0(e-government)

Gov 2.0(platform government)

Gov 3.0(smart government)

government thatworks well

government thatopens to people

government thatthinks

process innovation(how-to-do internal)

governance innovation(how-to-do external)

policy innovation(what-to-do)

IT system web & app data

concept

goal

resource

Korea

36

❶ Open Data & Citizen Engagement

Gov3.0

Old Government G C

G

CC

CC

....

....

....Share

Engagement

37

❷ Collaboration

collaboration PerformanceManagement

SNS, Teleconference

Knowledge Base/Semantic

Accountability

❸ Personalized Services

38

Government

(Data Analysis)

IndividualCitizen

(Life Cycle, etc)

::::

Text

Personalized &Customized

Services

Personalization : services based on citizen attributes and needsCustomization : ability of citizen to modify government services

39

Revitalize the Korean Economy

Creative Economy

Smart City and Gov3.0

Thank you!

감사합니다.

Hwang, Jong-Sung, Ph.D.Research FellowNational Information Society Agencyhjs0199@gmail.com