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SKILL CARD 1 Personal Protective Equipment
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT V3.2 SKILL CARD 1
RELATED TRAINING Firefighter Safety 1
BF Manual chapter 1
OUTCOMES Don appropriate PPE for different situations
Determine limitations of PPE
Assess hazards associated with PPE
TIMING 15 minute session
RESOURCES Bush firefighting PPE (gloves, goggles, flash hood, trousers, jacket, boots,
helmet)
Appropriate smoke filter (P2 mask)
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Appropriate clothing to be worn under PPE
Clothing may be stored in bags – ensure bags are left open
Shake clothing to ensure no spiders or insects etc.
Maintain and clean clothing (leaving burnt material on the clothing can be carcinogenic and will damage fibres)
TRAINER NOTES Explain, model and have trainees practice correct donning of PPE
Detail appropriate time and place to use each piece of PPE
Discuss limitations of PPE and how to check for damage
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Carry, select and wear appropriate / required PPE
Consider type of incident, weather and location (examples on reverse)
Check PPE is in serviceable condition prior to donning
Don PPE (covering airflow and radiant heat blocking ability, need for chin strap and correctly fitting harness)
2 Identify hazards and risks relating to PPE
Heat stress
Poor maintenance leading to damage of PPE
Improper storage (moisture, products of fire)
Consideration of foreign objects (spiders, etc.)
3 Maintenance of PPE
Refer to care guides for PPE
Download care guides from MyRFS >> Info About >> Assets and equipment >> PPE
4 Reporting lost or damaged PPE
If PPE is damaged or lost, report immediately to the Officer in Charge of the vehicle you are in, the Captain or Equipment Officer
A video demonstrating best practice while carrying out maintenance on serviceable equipment is being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT V3.2 SKILL CARD 1
Bushfire PPE
JACKET TROUSERS HELMET BOOTS
GLOVES GOOGLES DISPOSABLE RESPIRATOR FLASH HOOD
Points for discussion
INCIDENT
TYPE
WEATHER
LOCATION
PPE
LIMITATIONS PPE
Active incident ground (bush fire)
Hot Windy Mixed terrain (bush/grass/interface)
Two piece firefighter protective clothing
Firefighter helmet
Firefighter boots
Firefighter gloves
Firefighter goggles
Disposable respirator
Emergency flash hood
Fire resistant not fire proof
Cold As above with cold climate jacket
Active incident ground (flood)
Cold/hot wet rainy windy
Interface As above (without respirator)
Wet weather gear (jackets, pants, etc.)
Wet weather gear not flame retardant
Firefighting boots are not water proof
Fire fighting gloves not barriers to contaminated water
Gear heavy when water logged
Support task Mixed Interface or buildings
If attending to interface full firefighting PPE
If in comms as per local requirements
If in catering as per hygiene and local requirements
If carrying out admin – as per local requirements
If not in full PPE not fireground capable
Teams need to be consistent in their attire alongside NSW RFS requirements
SKILL CARD 2 Radios
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – RADIOS V3.2 SKILL CARD 2
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Operating communications equipment
BF Manual Chapter 8
OUTCOMES
Operate suitable radios (for example Fireground & GRN/PMR)
Pass a simple message through an uncontrolled network
Operate a radio using simplex and duplex frequencies
Pass a simple message through a controlled network
TIMING 15 minutes
RESOURCES Vehicle mounted or portable fireground radios
Vehicle mounted or portable GRN/PMR radios and appropriate free channel to simulate radio calls
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Operate on a pre-assigned training channel so as not to interfere with operational channels (this needs approval)
TRAINER NOTES Trainer must be familiar with radio protocols so they can simulate the role of Officer in Charge/FIRECOM
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect equipment
Locate fireground radios, power up, check battery strength and inspect the radio connections
Confirm that the radio is on the designated channel and change to a new channel if necessary
2 Test the equipment
Undertake a radio check to ensure it is operating as intended
3 Use the equipment (fireground radio)
Place a radio to call to the simulated OIC requesting that the following equipment be brought to you: o One length of 25mm percolating hose and 25mm branch o One 38mm to 25mm Storz adaptor o One knapsack o The equipment is to be brought to your location stated as follows: “I am
located approximately 1km from the Cat 1 along Wombat trail.”
The OIC will ask clarifying questions that must be answered and must then designate a new channel for the trainee to switch to and communicate on
Note: that the intent is to pass a clear, legible message, therefore the
technical correctness of the message is not essential at this moment in time
4 Repeat above actions for GRN/PMR (duplex radio)
Replace transmission to OIC with transmission to FIRECOM using appropriate call signs and message priority codes
Return to home channel after exercise
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – RADIOS V3.2 SKILL CARD 2
Radios used in the NSW RFS
A video demonstrating best practice when using radios is currently being developed and will be released soon.
Portable fireground radio
Portable PMR/GRN
Vehicle mounted radios
GENERAL RADIO PRINCIPLES
‘Plain language’ is used as much as possible (codes have only very limited use)
Each unit communicates with the local Firecom or base for non-incident related calls
Each unit calls their local Firecom or Base when they depart to or go to a fire or incident
The first units responding to an incident report their arrival at the scene to Firecom or base
A senior officer of the first responding units takes charge (control) of the incident on arrival. That is, he or she takes overall control the activities of all of the units at that incident.
If more units are called, Firecom or Base tell them where to go and who to call, and ‘hand over’ those units to the Incident Controller as they approach the scene
Each unit calls the Firecom or base when they are released from operations at the incident, when they return to their station and when closing down the radio
SKILL CARD 3 Locker Drill
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – LOCKER DRILL V3.2 SKILL CARD 3
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Bush Fire Attack 3
BF Manual Chapter Chapter 4
OUTCOMES
Correctly locate and fetch different pieces of equipment from the tanker/store
Correctly explain the use and care requirements for different pieces of operational equipment
TIMING 20 minute session
RESOURCES Brigade firefighting vehicle and associated equipment
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Equipment can be heavy, awkward to carry, and sharp. Ensure proper lifting techniques are used
Equipment can be stored high on the vehicle, and in locations that require movement over the water tank – always ensure trainees are working appropriately and using proper risk assessment when removing items from elevated points on the vehicle
Some equipment stores combustible material/liquids within them– ensure equipment is handled appropriately to mitigate risks
Some equipment stored in lockers will be at or above shoulder height – ensure proper manual handling techniques and risk assessments are used
TRAINER NOTES Use the model: show, explain, allow trial, then test - to give trainees a
chance to form an understanding of what equipment is stored on the vehicle, where it is located, and how to properly stow/un-stow
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Introduce vehicles of the brigade
Identify vehicle types (e.g. Category 1 tanker), radio call sign, and for firefighting vehicles their water capacity, type of pump, etc.
2 Show all equipment on the vehicle
Use the same starting point for each vehicle, remove and identify each piece of equipment.
Trainees: o Name the equipment, explain what it’s used for and any hazards and
precautions involved in its use o Describe how they should care for it (e.g. cleaning/sharpening where
appropriate)
3 Run a ‘fetch test’ Trainees fetch different equipment off vehicle, explain its use, and talk
about different ways to determine if its in good condition
A video demonstrating best practice when using locker drill is currently being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – LOCKER DRILL V3.2 SKILL CARD 3
Examples of equipment
Knapsack Rakehoe Axe
Delivery hose Controlled breech Fog nozzle
Standpipe Rope Combination ladder
Portable Radio Fire blanket Extinguisher
SKILL CARD 4 Maintenance Drill
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – MAINTENANCE DRILL V3.2 SKILL CARD 4
RELATED TRAINING Firefighting equipment 1
BF Manual chapter 3
OUTCOMES Carry out equipment maintenance, to the manufacturers and NSW RFS
specifications, on user-serviceable equipment such as: rakehoes (McLeod tools), axes and slashing tools
TIMING 3 x 10-20 minute sessions
RESOURCES Brigade equipment and servicing equipment
Brigade maintenance schedule
Equipment fault reporting/safety process
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Maintenance work requires manual handling, and sometimes the use of sharpening tools, oils and chemicals.
All maintenance activities are to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
TRAINER NOTES
This drill requires trainees to understand what serviceable equipment looks like and how it works properly, how to test it, and what can and can’t be serviced at a brigade level.
Demonstrate how to complete periodic maintenance on equipment that is able to be serviced locally.
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Understand brigade equipment that can be serviced
Identify each piece of equipment and its uses
Determine which equipment can be serviced locally and which cannot
2 Check serviceability of equipment
Check for faults (Check, Inspect/Test, Maintain)
Identify common faults (e.g. sharpness and angle of cutting edge, weak points where handles are connected, rough or splintered handles)
3 Service equipment Follow demonstration on how to complete periodic maintenance on
equipment that is able to be serviced locally
Practice techniques on a range of equipment
4 Report and log faulty equipment
Review system used at the brigade to log faulty equipment, and how to take it out of service
Identify who to report faulty equipment to
A video demonstrating best practice while carrying out maintenance on serviceable equipment is being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – MAINTENANCE DRILL V3.2 SKILL CARD 4
Maintenance examples
HAND TOOL SHARPENING TECHNIQUES
AX
E
The cutting edge of an axe can be maintained by using a pocket axe stone, but if an axe requires extensive sharpening, the axe head needs to be firmly secured in a vice or a ‘G’ clamp. Always check that the axe head is secured to the handle.
RA
KE
HO
E (
MC
LE
OD
TO
OL
)
The cutting edge of a rakehoe must be sharp. A working angle for the cutting edge of a rakehoe is 30 degrees. As with axes, a blade sharpened at too fine an angle can be easily damaged. You should sharpen a rakehoe with a file. The connecting bolt is a point of weakness and should always be checked during inspection.
SL
AH
ING
TO
OL
S (
BR
US
H
& F
ER
N H
OO
K)
Slashing tools should be sharpened with a file. When you sharpen a slashing tool, follow the angle ground by the manufacturer, and make sure the angle is slightly less than the machine ground edge.
SKILL CARD 5 Hose reel
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – HOSE REELS V3.2 SKILL CARD 5
RELATED TRAINING
E-Learning Module Fire Fighting Equipment 2
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES
Identify and describe types, sizes, limitations, care and maintenance of hose reels
Deploy hose reel
Shutdown, make up and restow hose reel
TIMING 20 minutes
RESOURCES Firefighting appliance with hose reels
Ancillary equipment including alternative nozzles, storz keys and 25mm lay flat hose
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Operate pumps in a well ventilated area
Pumps can be loud - wear hearing protection if required
Monitor slip hazards
Use caution and remain aware of pinch points such as rotating hose reels
TRAINER NOTES Check equipment is in good working order
Run activity with a variety of 25mm nozzles
STEPS
KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect hose reels and equipment
Inspect hose reel components and ancillary equipment to ensure they are in serviceable condition
Ensure hose reel is locked, nozzle is in the closed position and the supply valve is in the open position
2 Deploy hose reel
Unlock hose reel and deploy
Pump operator starts pump and sets operating pressure
Extend hose line to designated position and use appropriate signal for ‘water on’
Pump operator locks hose reel off
Use a variety of nozzle settings as directed
3 Shut down, make up and re-stow
Shut branch off
Follow ‘make up’ command
When appropriate signal for ‘water off’
Return nozzle end of hose to the appliance
Re-stow hose reel and lock off
Re-stow ancillary equipment
A video demonstrating best practice when using hose reel is currently being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – HOSE REELS V3.2 SKILL CARD 5
Hose reel hose
Nozzles
DIAL A JET NOZZLE
VARIABLE NOZZLE
FOG NOZZLE
SKILL CARD 6 Attack lines
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – ATTACK LINES V3.2 SKILL CARD 6
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Firefighting Equipment 2 & 3
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES
Determine correct hose size and type and branches to use based on various conditions (i.e. flame height < 30cm, flame height of 2m, distance required to get to objective)
Deploy attack lines using different methods
Make up equipment correctly
TIMING 3 X 30 minute sessions
RESOURCES
Firefighting unit with water storage and pump installed
Ancillary equipment (hoses, nozzles and fittings, inline valves, breeching pieces, tools, radio equipment if appropriate)
Suitable location
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Working pumps create fumes that are hazardous – do not use in enclosed spaces
Working pumps can be loud
Working pumps can create strong pressures – ensure delivery end of hoses are secured prior to opening, and the opening of valves is controlled and at a smooth steady rate
Water being moved – creates slip and trip hazards
Trainees must wear PPE
TRAINER NOTES
Consider different types of tasks such as mop up, direct attack, breeching hoses from larger to smaller diameter
Review what hoses and nozzle combinations are available and consider what is best suited for tasks
Practical operating pressures as line extends/contracts
Ensure all equipment is available and in working order
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Select appropriate hose and branch
Consider objective as stated by the Crew Leader and select correct hoses, branches and fittings
2 Identify correct deployment method and deploy
Identify appropriate deployment method (i.e. straight, flaked or combination)
Deploy hose
3 Use techniques to divide, replace, advance and withdraw lines
Signal to pump operator for water on/off and increase/decrease pressure to account for variations in output at the nozzle (such as with terrain change)
Advance and withdraw hose lines using appropriate techniques
Use breaching pieces
Use techniques such as kinking the hoseline (with pump off or on idle) to create a low/no pressure area around the coupling to add or remove lines
Synchronise actions with the pump operator to prepare and replace line
4 Make up, reset and restow
Use correct method to withdraw and make up equipment. For example Dutch roll, Figure 8 (Banana roll)
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – ATTACK LINES V3.2 SKILL CARD 6
A video demonstrating best practice when deploying attack lines is currently being developed and will be released soon.
Points for discussion
CONDITIONS
HOSE & BRANCH
SELECTION
DEPLOYMENT METHOD
1. SCLEROPHYLL FOREST FIRE*
Burning in moderate fuels under moderate fire danger conditions. Flame height 2-3m. Travelling a few hundred metres per hour.
38mm hose with straight branch
Deploy to attack flanks from burnt ground using pinch method, when flame height falls below 2m change to a direct attack
2. GRASS FIRE
Burning fine fuels under high fire danger conditions. Flame height 3-5m. Travelling several kilometres per hour.
38mm hose with straight branch
Work from approved crew area of appliance to attack flanks moving towards the head or from the ground
3. SCRUB FIRE**
Burning in moderate fuels under low fire danger conditions. Flame height less than 2m. Travelling one hundred metres in per hour on relatively flat ground.
Live reel and a dial a jet nozzle (can be extended with 25mm lay flat hose)
Straight deployment to undertake a direct attack on the head of the fire
SKILL CARD 7 Hydrants
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – HYDRANTS V3.2 SKILL CARD 7
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Firefighting Equipment 3
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES Locate hydrants
Ship standpipe and remove standpipe
Use a hydrant for water supply
TIMING 20 minute session
RESOURCES Standpipe, hydrant bar and storz key
65mm hose & 65 mm controlled breeching piece
In-ground hydrant or simulator
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Beware of spiders/snakes residing under the hydrant plate
Beware of risk of finger injury – dropping hydrant plate on fingers
Ensure no one stands over standpipe – if failure, can shoot upwards
Be careful when turning on standpipe – 3 to 4 turns enough
Ensure pressure removed from line prior to disconnecting standpipe
TRAINER NOTES Explain, model and have trainees practice locating and using a hydrant for water supply
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Locate suitable hydrant
Find hydrant indicator (explain different indicators)
Interpret indicator correctly to locate hydrant
2 Access hydrant Use hydrant bar to open hydrant plate
Inspect and remove debris from inside pit around hydrant
3 Ship standpipe
Check threaded collar is in starting position (all the way to the bottom and half a twist back)
Insert standpipe into hydrant so collar lugs engage with hydrant hooks
Turn standpipe until locked firmly in place
Adjust standpipe outlet to direction required
4 Operate standpipe Turn spindle until plunger presses down onto spring valve, releasing water
Flush water through hydrant until flow is clean/clear and turn valve off
5 Supply water
Connect breeching piece and 65mm hose to standpipe
Ensure 65mm hose is connected to appliance inlet
Signal water on and confirm receipt of signal
Turn valve on gradually (no more than 3-4 full turns) to charge hose line
6 Remove standpipe
Signal water off from appliance
Confirm receipt of signal and turn off standpipe valve
Relieve any pressure in hose/fittings through the breeching piece and remove hose and breaching piece from standpipe
Remove standpipe from hydrant by turning whole standpipe
Check spring valve is closed properly and then close the hydrant lid
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – HYDRANTS V3.2 SKILL CARD 7
Videos have been developed to demonstrate best practice when using hydrants. Please scan the QR codes or alternatively use the links:
Operating a hydrant 1 https:// goo.gl/nleXzv
Operating a hydrant 2 https:// goo.gl/mJxUqn
Shipping a standpipe
Access hydrant
Ship standpipe
Operate standpipe
Supply water
Remove standpipe
Remove standpipe
Check hydrant is properly closed
1 2 3
4 5 6
7
Check pit Clear debris Ensure lug
Insert standpipe Turn standpipe Open and flush
Connect breeching piece
SKILL CARD 8 Main Pump
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – MAIN PUMP V3.2 SKILL CARD 8
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Firefighting Equipment 3
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES
Move water into and out of the vehicle’s water tank using the main pump and associated plumbing, incorporating the following activities: o Supplying water from the tank to a hose-reel and/or a 38mm hose o Changing over from the water tank supply to an external supply o Draughting water from an open source
TIMING 3 X 30 min sessions
RESOURCES Firefighting unit with water storage and pump installed
Ancillary equipment (stand pipe, hydrant, hoses, nozzles and fittings)
Location with open water source and hydrants
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Working pumps create fumes that are hazardous – not to be used in enclosed spaces
Working pumps can be loud – use hearing protection as required
Working pumps can create strong pressures – ensure delivery end of hoses are secured prior to opening, and the opening of valves is controlled at a smooth steady rate
Water being moved creates slip and trip hazards
TRAINER NOTES Review how pump works
Review what pump gauges show, and what trainees need to look out for
Ensure all equipment is available and in good working order
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect pump equipment
Review all equipment required for this drill
Review pump controls and ensure all in working order
2 Safely and correctly use a vehicle mounted pump/tanker
Use tanker pump controls, valves and gauges
Operate primer and pump
Supply water from tank to hose lines
Change from tank to hydrant supply
Refill tank from a hydrant/tanker
Set up suction hose from tanker
Refill tank from open source
Supply water from open source
3 Make up and restow equipment
Shut down, make up and restow equipment ready for reuse
Videos have been developed to demonstrate best practice when using pump. Please scan the QR codes or alternatively use the links:
Pumping from a tanker https://goo.gl/Pbi7ak
Portable pump https:// goo.gl/3ZDSk6
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – MAIN PUMP V3.2 SKILL CARD 8
Gauges
GAUGE IMAGE DESCRIPTION
COMPOUND GAUGE
(INLET PRESSURE
KPA)
Inlet pressure is the positive or negative pressure of the water coming into the pump
Reticulated water supply – positive pressure
Static water supply – negative pressure – negative pressure
PRESSURE GAUGE
(OUTLET
PRESSURE KPA)
Outlet pressure is the pressure of the water being delivered to the pump
Pumping from a tanker
Pump operator procedures
Starting the pump
Determining working level pressure
Avoiding water hammer
Giving and interpreting hand signals
Monitoring water levels
SKILL CARD 9 Attack and Supply
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – ATTACK AND SUPPLY V3.2 SKILL CARD 9
7BRELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Firefighting Equipment 3
BF Manual Chapter 3
8BOUTCOMES Deploy suitable attack lines
Supply water to tanker
9BTIMING 3 X 20 minute sessions
10BRESOURCES
Firefighting unit with water storage and pump installed
Trainees must wear appropriate PPE
Ancillary equipment i.e. hoses, breeching piece, etc.
Suitable location to extend attack lines and a hydrant to supply water to the tanker
11BSAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Working with pumps: o Fumes – not to be used in enclosed spaces o Noise – use hearing protection as required o Strong pressures – ensure delivery end of hoses are secured prior to opening,
and opening of valves is controlled at a smooth steady rate o Hoses under pressure creates pinch points – never ask candidates to use
hands to unwind kinks in pressurised lines
Working with water: o Water being moved creates slip and trip hazards
Hydrants are generally located along roadways – ensure traffic management needs are met
12BTRAINER NOTES
Review what hoses and nozzle combinations are available and what is best suited for tasks
“From the pump” methodology explained
Both soft suction and to tank supply methods pros and cons explained
Practical operating pressures for attack and supply
Ensure all equipment is available
0BSTEPS 1BKEY POINTS
1 Select appropriate equipment
Consider type of incident and location
Choose correct Hose and Branch
Choose correct standpipe hydrant bar, breeching piece and supply lines
2 Deploy method
Firefighter 1
Bowl first length from pump lays line over first outlet (from the left) and takes branch, moves the end of second length (approximate location if being bowled) and connects second length to branch, ready for water on
Firefighter 2
Goes to the end of first length and deploys second length, connects couplings and follows first member to end of second length as back up
Firefighter 3
Takes stand pipe, breeching piece, hydrant bar and suitable supply hose to back of pump, bowls hose towards hydrant. Moves to hydrant location and ships stand pipe with breeching piece
Firefighter 4
Fourth member is pump operator – connects attack line and (if possible) opens valve on pump idle to slowly charge line whilst being deployed.
Pump operator considers variables for either supply to tank or soft suction
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – ATTACK AND SUPPLY V3.2 SKILL CARD 9
and chooses correct option
Pump operator connects supply line to vehicle
Pump operator liaises with member 3, and the attack line for coordination of water movements and pump pressures
3 Make up, reset and restow
Use correct method for the situation to withdraw and make up equipment (Dutch roll, Banana roll)
If hoseline or ancillary equipment is damaged or lost, report immediately to the Officer in Charge of the vehicle, the Captain or Equipment Officer
Possible layout
2BSTEPS 3BLAYOUT
4BSTEP 1
5BSTEP 2A
6BSTEP 2B
SKILL CARD 10 Suction and Attack
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – SUCTION AND ATTACK V3.2 SKILL CARD 10
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Firefighting Equipment 3
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES Deploy suitable attack lines
Supply water to tanker from an open source
TIMING 3 X 20 minute sessions
RESOURCES
Firefighting unit with water storage and pump installed
Trainees must wear PPE
Ancillary equipment i.e. hoses, nozzles and fittings, inline valves, suction hose, strainer and float, rope, tools
Suitable location to extend attack line/s and an open water source to supply water to the tanker
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Working with pumps: o Fumes – not to be used in enclosed spaces o Noise – use hearing protection as required o Strong pressures – ensure delivery end of hoses are secured prior to opening,
and opening of valves is controlled at a smooth steady rate
Working with water: o Draughting from open water sources requires work in close proximity to the
edge of water
Water being moved creates slip and trip hazards
TRAINER NOTES
Explain “from the water source” deployment method
Explain different issues when drafting from different water supplies
Practical operating pressures for attack and supply
Ensure all equipment is available
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Select appropriate equipment
Consider type of incident and location
Select correct Hose and Branch
Select correct suction hose lengths, strainer, float and rope
2 Deploy suction and attack line
Firefighter 1
Take first suction length, strainer and float to water source, and connect strainer and float.
Connect second suction length to first length (after rope has been secured) and deploy strainer into water using the free side of the rope as a guide.
Secure rope to a fixed point, or another point on tanker, once location of strainer is correct, and then support other duties.
Firefighter 2
Take second suction length and rope, secure centre of rope to strainer with a clove hitch
Work back along suction length with one end of the rope doing a half hitch on the water side of each coupling to take the weight of water from the suction hose
Secure end of rope line to solid support on pump with a round turn and two half hitches
Take second attack length and deploy at the end of fist attack line. Connect coupling and move towards end of second attack line to support the third member in the attack line team
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – SUCTION AND ATTACK V3.2 SKILL CARD 10
Firefighter 3
Deploy third and fourth length of suction hose. Connects to second line as firefighter 2 uses half hitches on water side of couplings.
Begin deploying attack line (first line and branch) Firefighter 4 (pump operator)
Connect suction line to suction inlet, when suction hose is deployed open suction hose valve and pull water through suction hose to prime main pump
Liaise the attack line/s for coordination of water movements including attack and refill
3 Make up, reset and restow
Use correct method to withdraw and make up equipment (Dutch roll, Banana roll)
Report any damaged or lost hoseline or ancillary equipment to the Officer in Charge of the vehicle you are in, the Captain or Equipment Officer
Possible layout
STEPS LAYOUT
STEP 1
STEP 2
A video demonstrating best practice when deploying suction and attack lines is currently being developed and will be released soon.
SKILL CARD 11 Portable Pump
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – PORTABLE PUMP V3.2 SKILL CARD 11
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Firefighting Equipment 3
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES
Move water into and out of a water supply using a portable pump and associated accessories, incorporating the following activities: o Draughting water from an open source o Supplying water from the water source to a location via 38mm hose
TIMING 2 X 20 minute sessions
RESOURCES
Portable pump
Ancillary equipment i.e. suction hose, strainer, rope, hoses, nozzles and fittings
Location with open water source
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Working with pumps o Fumes – not to be used in enclosed spaces o Noise – use hearing protection as required o Strong pressures – ensure delivery end of hoses are secured prior to opening,
and opening of valves is controlled at a smooth steady rate
o Manual handling - portable pumps are heavy ensure manual handling practices are followed.
Working with water o Draughting from open water sources requires work in close proximity to the
edge of water o Water being moved creates slip and trip hazards
TRAINER NOTES Review how pump works
Review what gauges are for
Ensure all equipment is available and in good working order
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect pump equipment
Locate portable pump on tanker
Two person carry for pump, one person carry for suction hose lengths, strainer and float, rope and two lengths 38mm hose with suitable branch/nozzle
Check o fuel and oil levels and make sure the pump casing is primed o ignition switch is in the ‘on’ position
2 Use a portable pump to draught water
Pull the choke on and turn on the throttle.
Connect strainer to suitable lengths of suction hose to enter and submerge in water source.
Use strainer/rope for situating strainer at correct depth under water to remove suction vortex and reduce uptake of material from water source
Connect suction hose to inlet pipe on portable pump, and use start up procedures to start pump. Start the pump as you would start a lawn mower, with delivery open to allow air in the suction hose to escape.
Connect hoseline to outlet (one line two lengths with branch). Ensure hose line team ready to accept water – open valve to supply water.
Watch for water moving up and ensure suction line remains straight
Use rope with half hitches at each coupling and a clove hitch on the strainer– the other end of the rope can be tied off on the pump frame.
Use portable pump to fill buoy wall, main pump tank, noting time for fill
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – PORTABLE PUMP V3.2 SKILL CARD 11
3 Make up and restow equipment
Shut down, make up and restow equipment ready for reuse. Flush the pump if using turbid/salt water, refuel and check oil levels.
A video has been developed to demonstrate best practice when using a portable pump. Please scan the QR code or alternatively use the link:
Portable pump https:// goo.gl/3ZDSk6
Ancillary Equipment
Portable pumps
Supplying vehicles with water from static supplies
Locating portable pump on vehicle
Portable pump operations and equipment incl. strainer, float and suction hose
Checking fuel and oil levels
Connecting hoses
Pump start up
SKILL CARD 12 Hand tools
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – HAND TOOLS V3.2 SKILL CARD 12
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Bush Fire Attack 2
BF Manual Chapter 3 & 4
OUTCOMES
Inspect McLeod tool, Brush Hook and Axe for safe use
Test the equipment to ensure operational readiness
Use the equipment safely
Clean and maintain the equipment
TIMING 15 minute session
RESOURCES McLeod tool, brush hook, axe
Hand file, tools and cleaning rag
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Ensure safe work practices have been covered (incl. techniques to carry the tools from the appliance to the location where they are being used)
Ensure PPE is issued to trainees
Consider safety officer or instructor to trainee ratio
TRAINER NOTES Ensure permissions if using tools to undertake actual works
Using a designated HR site is ideal
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect equipment
Inspect all connection points on the tool including bolts and lugs for correct tightness
Visually inspect the cutting edge of each tool
Inspect the handles for wear and tear
2 Test the equipment
Manoeuvre the head of each tool to check stability
3 Use the equipment
Practice safe techniques for moving through an area where hand tools are being used
Individually
Use the McLeod tool to cut a mineral earth trail of 1m long x 30cm wide
Use the brush hook to cut a clearance through intermediate shrubs that is 2m long x 1m wide
In a team (max 4)
Use the step up technique to cut a trail 10m long x 1m wide to be used for HR access or a control line
Use the one lick method to cut a trail 10m long x 1m wide to be used for HR access or a control line
4 Clean and maintain the equipment
Inspect equipment for wear and tear
Secure equipment for sharpening
Sharpen tools to required standard
Re-stow equipment
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – HAND TOOLS V3.2 SKILL CARD 12
Points for reference
METHOD IMAGE
STEP UP
Used for constructing a control line when crew size is up to 10 or 12 firefighters
ONE LICK
Used for constructing a control line when crew size is greater than 12 firefighters
SHARPENING
A video demonstrating best practice when using hand tools is currently being developed and will be released soon.
SKILL CARD 13 Knapsacks
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – KNAPSACKS V3.2 SKILL CARD 13
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Firefighting Equipment 1
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES
Inspect knapsack for safe use
Test the equipment to ensure operational readiness
Use the equipment safely
Clean and maintain the equipment
TIMING 10 minute session
RESOURCES Knapsack
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Always check the equipment prior to training to identify and faults
Ensure safe lifting techniques
Adjust the shoulder straps to secure the knapsack
TRAINER NOTES
Explain, model and have trainees practice using the knapsack (using an item such as a witches hat as a target)
Detail appropriate use of knapsacks
Discuss maintenance methods
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect equipment
Inspect all connection points and straps
Inspect all o-rings
Adjust straps to fit correctly
2 Test the equipment
Test pump for ease of action
Open and close nozzle
3 Use the equipment Place knapsack on your shoulders with the assistance of another trainee
Operate the knapsack on a jet and spray setting
Remove the knapsack and refill
4 Clean and maintain the equipment
Loosen and check straps
Inspect for dust and dirt, clean if necessary
Lubricate pump action plunger rod
Restow on appliance
A video demonstrating best practice when using a knapsack is currently being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – KNAPSACKS V3.2 SKILL CARD 13
Knapsack
Points for discussion
WHEN TO USE HOW TO USE MAINTENANCE
On the fireground you can use a knapsack to:
Make a direct attack on a low intensity flank fire
Support a hand tool crew who are constructing a control line close to the fire edge
Assist in mopping up operations
The hand piece has a nozzle that can be adjusted to give:
Either a straight jet for long distance work, or
A fantail spray for close work. The fantail method uses water more economically and effectively when a firefighter is working close to a fire
Knapsack need to be kept clean:
Pump plungers need to be regularly lubricated
Valves and other components need to be cleaned to work properly
Procedures for the maintenance of knapsacks can be found on MyRFS >> Info about >> Assets and equipment
SKILL CARD 14 Combination Ladder
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – COMBINATION LADDER V3.2 SKILL CARD 14
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Firefighting equipment 4
BF Manual Chapter 3
OUTCOMES Locate combination ladder
Deploy combination ladder
Re-stow combination ladder
TIMING 15 minute session
RESOURCES Vehicle with combination ladder
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Removing ladders from operational vehicles may involve climbing – three points of contact are to be maintained whilst ascending/descending
Conduct this activity in an area that is clear of power lines, trip hazards and other obstacles
Risk of finger injury – pinch points
TRAINER NOTES Demonstrate safe and appropriate techniques first
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Locate and deploy combination ladder
Locate combination ladder and remove from vehicle (work as a team)
Trainee 1 & 2 open and carry to location, or carry then open at the location
Open ladder (open hinge lock by pushing in both sides whilst opening to straight position, open pawls on ladder strings and extend ladder fully, replace pawls into strings to lock)
2 Raise combination ladder to use as a straight ladder
Check for over head hazards, then face the feet of the ladder (feet) towards the wall where the ladder will be raised
Trainee 1 places toe of boots on the feet; Trainee 2 raises the ladder slowly
from the top of the ladder (head) until it’s at a 90 degree angle to the ground. Both trainees steady the ladder and lower it to the wall.
Ensure that there are no less than three (and no more than 5) rungs extended beyond the landing
Trainee 1 positions their feet against the front feet of the ladder and
stretches arms out to the rung at shoulder height to check angle
To reset, both trainees lift the ladder off the wall to a 90 degree angle and carefully move the ladder towards or away from the structure and then reset to the desired position
3 Ascending the ladder
Trainee 1 foots ladder with one boot and one arm on a stringer until Trainee 2 has cleared the first few rungs. Trainee 1 then re-positions with both boots
and both arms at the front of the ladder
Trainee 2 must maintain three points of contact and place their hands on the
rungs of the ladder (not the strings) while ascending
Trainee 2 ascends to a height that allows them to view the roof/area, or be
able to clear gutters of debris within reach whilst maintaining three points of contact. Use a secure anchor point around the top third of the ladder and tie off using a clove hitch knot.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – COMBINATION LADDER V3.2 SKILL CARD 14
4 Descending a ladder
Trainee 2 calls “descending” so as to alert other trainees below and ensure
that the ladder is footed for descent
Trainee One calls out “3-2-1” to guide Trainee 2 down the final rungs and
onto the ground
5 Lower the ladder and set to an ‘A’ frame
Trainee 1 still footing the ladder, pulls the ladder to 90 degrees
Trainee 2 stands behind the ladder (closest to wall), foots the ladder and
holds a rung
Trainee 1 then slowly walks back holding the rungs of the ladder as it is
lowered to the ground
Once on the ground, pull the pawls and reduce the length of the ladder, then reinsert the pawls into the stringers to lock
Push the hinge locks to release and fold one end of the ladder towards the other to create an ‘A’
Trainees 1 & 2 then lift the ladder into position and double check that the
locks are secure
6 Make up and re-stow
Collapse ladder, and carry the ladder to the appliance
Trainees 1 & 2 climb into position to receive the ladder
Two trainees pass the ladder to the trainees on the appliance*
Fit the ladder into position and secure with the strap, check secure. *Note: This requires another two trainees/members to assist
Diagrams for reference
A video demonstrating best practice when using combination ladder is currently being developed and will be released soon.
SKILL CARD 15 Driptorches
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – DRIPTORCHES V3.2 SKILL CARD 15
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Modules - Hazard Reduction & Bush Fire Attack 3
BF Manual Chapters 4 & 5
OUTCOMES
Prepare and inspect equipment
Simulate use of a driptorch in a back burn/hazard reduction situation
Problem solve flow issues
Store driptorch
TIMING 30 minute session
RESOURCES Driptorch
Driptorch fuel
Fireground radios
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Be aware of any build up pressure in driptorch – release carefully
Be aware of fuel spillage onto PPE (gloves/pants/jacket)
Be aware of surrounding vegetation/fire risk when lighting
Have suitable fire extinguishing equipment ready
TRAINER NOTES When using driptorches during burns it is a 2 person lighting party minimum. They must always be in contact with the officer in charge
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect equipment
Unscrew filler cap
Fill tank no more than ¾ full with pre-mixed fuel (3 part diesel 1 part petrol)
Replace filler cap, checking ‘o’ ring is in place and sealed correctly
Wipe off any spilt fuel
2 Use driptorch
Switch fuel tap on
Loosen air vent screw
Tilt driptorch so that wand is pointing towards ground
Let fuel drip from nozzle onto the wick
Use match/lighter to light driptorch
Adjust air vent screw to control flow of fuel
Demonstrate spot lighting and line lighting
Tilt torch upright to stop flow of fuel
3 Problem solve flow issues
Check sufficient fuel
Check air vent open enough
Check for blockages by removing nozzle (with spanner) and check wand is clear of debris
4 Store driptorch
Switch fuel tap off
Close air vent
Check ignition wick is extinguished
Place driptorch in upright position and allow to cool
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – DRIPTORCHES V3.2 SKILL CARD 15
Drip torch
Lighting methods
A video demonstrating best practice when using a drip torch is currently being developed and will be released soon.
LINE / LAYERING LIGHTING A fire lit in a continuous line will build up to its full intensity very quickly
SPOT/ STRIP LIGHTING A fire lit in spots or short strips will take some time to build up. Most prescribed burns will use fire lit in spots or strips to keep the fire well under control and to stay within the intensity specified
SKILL CARD 16 Overrun Drill
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – OVERRUN DRILL V3.2 SKILL CARD 16
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Bush Fire Attack 3
BF Manual Chapter 4
OUTCOMES
Use communication methods for possible overrun situation
Explain likely signs an overrun is about to occur
Demonstrate/explain the sequence of safety events within an overrun
Demonstrate knowledge of the equipment required and how to use effectively
TIMING 20 minutes
RESOURCES Suitable vehicle with fire blankets, spray bars and heat shields (if fitted),
extinguisher and communications equipment
Trainees to wear PPE
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
The activity requires the trainees to move as quickly as possible to the vehicle – this is to be simulated in a controlled manner to ensure safety
The drill requires trainees to don all PPE and huddle under fire blankets – this is a hot and strenuous activity. Trainees will require hydration and a cooling off period prior to moving onto another drill
TRAINER NOTES
Refer to SOP 12 A Emergency procedures
Set up vehicle as if at a normal fire (i.e. at least one line, two lengths with an appropriate branch/nozzle)
Ensure communications systems are set appropriately for use in this drill (i.e. use fireground channel not local FIRECOM network)
If the vehicle has further safety equipment (heat shields, crew protection spray bars etc.) this should be incorporated into drills
Demonstrate emergency warning signal
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Review and set up equipment
Respond to 3 blasts of the horn by returning to the truck and enter cab
2 Run overrun drill
Put on all PPE (including flashhood)
Trainees give appropriate radio message to FIRECOM (simulated)
Trainees use protective equipment on vehicle (blankets, heat shields, spraybars, etc.)
Operate emergency lights and headlights
Post overrun, the pump may not be serviceable – Trainees simulate use of fire extinguishers to put out any fire on the vehicle and keep fire blankets with them to use if needed
3 Make up and restow equipment
Return all equipment to original condition
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – OVERRUN DRILL V3.2 SKILL CARD 16
Points for reference
A video demonstrating best practice when running the overrun drill is currently being developed and will be released soon.
THINGS TO CONSIDER IN ORDER TO SURVIVE IN LIFE THREATENING CONDITIONS IN FIREFIGHTING VEHICLES
Park vehicles in an open space or burnt ground (if possible), close all vents and windows and leave engine running
Pump operator maintains water delivery along hoselines until hose operators signal for water off, or the hose line teams are accounted for
SKILL CARD 17 Extinguishers
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – EXTINGUISHERS V3.2 SKILL CARD 17
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module First Attack Firefighting
BF Manual Chapter 1
OUTCOMES
Identify different types of extinguisher
Select appropriate extinguisher for class of fire
Inspect fire extinguisher prior to use, identifying safety pin and seal, date stamp and charge level
Use fire extinguisher effectively and safely
TIMING 10 minute session
RESOURCES Water, Dry Chemical, CO2 fire extinguishers
If using fire pans, live fire plans to be completed and approved prior to use
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
If using live fire, follow live fire SOPs
CO2 can cause cold burns if applied directly to skin
Extinguishers are bulky ensure manual handling practices are followed
Trainees must wear PPC when using extinguishers
TRAINER NOTES
Review different types of extinguisher, and most suitable for different classes of fires
Understand what extinguisher is to be used on what material
Confirm PASS method
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare equipment for use
Select appropriate extinguisher for class of fire
Inspect extinguisher prior to use (read test plate, check nozzle, pin and pressure gauge)
2 Use extinguisher
Use appropriate extinguisher on fire/simulated fire using the PASS method: o Pull pin and test away from fire, o Aim at base of fire, o Squeeze handle, o Sweep along base of fire
3 Reset equipment Reset equipment, and separate used and unused extinguishers
Ensure no used extinguishers go back on operational vehicles
A video demonstrating best practice when using extinguishers is currently being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – EXTINGUISHERS V3.2 SKILL CARD 17
Extinguisher chart
CLASS OF FIRE A B C (E) F
TYPE OF FIRE
Ordinary combustibles (wood, paper
plastics)
Flammable and combustible
liquids
Flammable gases
Fire involving energised electrical
equipment
Fire involving cooking oils and
fats
TYPE COLOUR SUITABILITY
WATER
Y N N N N
WET CHEMICAL
Y N N N Y
ALCOHOL RESISTANT
FOAM
Y Y N N N
AFFF TYPE FOAM Y Y N N N
AB(E) DRY CHEMICAL POWDER
Y Y Y Y N
B(E) DRY CHEMICAL POWDER
N Y Y Y Y
CARBON DIOXIDE
(CO2)
Y Y N Y Y
HALON (1211) BCF
VAPOURISING LIQUID
Y Y Y Y N
SKILL CARD 18 Ropes and knots
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – ROPES AND KNOTS V3.2 SKILL CARD 18
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Firefighting Equipment 3 & 4
BF Manual Chapter3
OUTCOMES Use ropes to secure:
Suction hose lines supporting the weight of water
Items to be lifted
TIMING 2 X 20 minute sessions
RESOURCES
Lengths of rope
Ancillary equipment i.e. suction hose, strainer, rope, hoses, nozzles and fittings, axe and extinguishers
Location with suitable height separation (i.e. second floor balcony/crew area of CAT1/7)
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Working at height exposes risk of falls – ensure appropriate railings and safety mechanisms in place
Slipping ropes can cause rope burns – ensure gloves are used
Lifting o ensure appropriate lifting techniques are used o Lifting objects overhead raises the risk of head injuries – ensure helmets are
used during this exercise
TRAINER NOTES Review how ropes, lines and knots are used to secure and haul items
Ensure all equipment is available
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare and inspect rope and equipment
Inspect equipment required for this drill
Review and ensure rope and all equipment are in working order
2 Safely and correctly use the right knots with a rope for a variety of circumstances
Use a clove hitch to secure one end of rope to fixed location
Use rope to secure suction hose (half hitches at each coupling and clove hitch in the centre of the rope line at the strainer to take weight of water off couplings, one end of rope secured using round turn and two half hitches)
Use clove hitch (at centre of ropeline) and half hitch to secure axe, extinguisher, hose to be lifted to second story. One end of rope to go to second story, one end to remain at ground level and used as a guide and to keep items away from the wall.
3 Make up and restow equipment
Shut down, make up and restow equipment ready for reuse
A video demonstrating best practice when using ropes and knots is currently being developed and will be released soon.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – ROPES AND KNOTS V3.2 SKILL CARD 18
Clove hitch
This type of knot can be used for securing a line to a suction strainer
Round turn and two half hitches
This knot can be used to lift or lower an object, particularly a round object such as a log
1 2
1 2 3
Using rope to secure suction hose
SKILL CARD 19 Working with aircraft
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – WORKING WITH AIRCRAFT V3.2 SKILL CARD 19
RELATED TRAINING E-Learning Module Bush Fire Attack 3
BF Manual Chapter 4
OUTCOMES
Work safely around helicopters
Embark and disembark a helicopter safely
Travel in a helicopter
Take action during aircraft emergency
TIMING 20 minutes
RESOURCES 1 vehicle to simulate an aircraft
SAFETY NOTES
All skill cards need to be risk assessed prior, and appropriate risk controls put in place to ensure trainee safety
Movement around and in and out of vehicle needs to be conducted away from other moving vehicles
Involves simulation of approaching an aircraft with moving rotors – this will require trainees to ‘bend’ or ‘crouch’ when approaching aircraft, ensure proper techniques to minimise risk of injury/strain
TRAINER NOTES
Use vehicle in cleared area to simulate aircraft. Connect seat belts to simulate aircraft standards (always left connected)
One person to sit in driver’s seat to act as pilot
Use of an aviation trained member may be helpful
STEPS KEY POINTS
1 Prepare for helicopter landing
Move in to clear area away from any tree branches that may fall
2 Approaching aircraft
Identify suitable path to approach the aircraft
Signal pilot with thumbs up (pilot acknowledges signal from trainees by retuning a thumbs up)
Move to “aircraft”, crouching down as they approach the rotor
Simulate being blinded by dust and sitting head down facing away from the aircraft
3 Enter an aircraft
Open door with care
Enter aircraft and move to a seat at the direction of the pilot
Disconnect seat belt, be seated then fasten and adjust seat belt as required
Secure any loose objects
Close and secure door with care
4 Take action during in flight emergency
Secure any loose objects Pilot calls “brace, brace, brace”
Get into brace position
At the direction of the pilot and flight crew, leave the aircraft
Move in an upwind direction in case of fire.
NSW RURAL FIRE SERVICE – WORKING WITH AIRCRAFT V3.2 SKILL CARD 19
Safety around helicopters
A video demonstrating best practice when working with aircraft is currently being developed and will be released soon.
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