simulated pivot-shift testing with single and double- bundle anterior cruciate ligament...

Simulated Pivot-Shift Testing with Single and Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions

by Keith L. Markolf, Samuel Park, Steven R. Jackson, and David R. McAllister

J Bone Joint Surg AmVolume 90(8):1681-1689

August 1, 2008

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Tibial rotations before and after the pivot-shift event.

Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1681-1689

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Total tibial rotations during the pivot-shift event (rotation after pivot minus rotation before pivot).

Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1681-1689

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Valgus rotations before and after the pivot-shift event.

Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1681-1689

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Anterior-posterior displacement of the lateral tibial plateau before and after the pivot-shift event.

Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1681-1689

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Total tibial displacement of the lateral tibial plateau during the pivot-shift event (displacement after pivot minus displacement before pivot).

Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1681-1689

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.

Graft force before and after the pivot-shift event.

Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90:1681-1689

©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.