simple network management protocol part 2“fundamentals of snmp” advertised presentation scope 2...

“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management Protocol

Part 2

Wayne M. Pecena, CPBE, CBNETexas A&M University

Educational Broadcast Services – KAMU FM-TV

November 14, 2019

“Fundamentals of SNMP”Advertised Presentation Scope

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Tutorial Overview

The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) was created as a means to monitor and control devices in an Internet Protocol (IP) network. SNMP is widely used in Information Technology (IT) environments and is becoming popular in broadcast equipment. Wayne Pecena, CPBE, 8-VSB, AMD, DRB, CBNE presents this webinar that will provide a familiarity with SNMP fundamentals beginning with consideration to a Network Management System (NMS) architecture and system components.

Part 2 will look at implementation of SNMP in the broadcast environment to provide a robust monitoring and notification alerting environment from IT equipment to the transmitter.

“Fundamentals of SNMP – Part 2”AGENDA

• Brief Part 1 Review• SNMP Manager Options:

– Commercial Offerings– Open-Source Options

• Obtaining MIB’s• Agent Configuration• Takeaway Review, Resources, & Questions

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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management Protocol

Part 2

Brief Part 1 Review

SNMP – The ProtocolSimple Network Management Protocol

• A core protocol of the Internet Protocol (IP) family:– Managed device monitoring– Configuring managed networked devices

• Implemented at the Applications Layer (OSI)– UDP utilized for message transport– UDP ports 161 / 162

• IETF defined standard (SNMPv3):– RFC 3411 - 3418

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Simple Gateway Monitoring

Protocol&

High-level Entity Management

Systems

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SNMPAGENTSNMP Trap

Receiver

SNMP Community Architecture

SNMPManager

MIB MIB

GET / SET Request

GET / SET Response

Trap

ManagementInformationBase

SNMP System ComponentsThe SNMP Community

• Agent• Devices• Management Information Base• System Manager

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Core CommandsSNMPv3 PDU’s

• GET• GET BULK• GET NEXT• GET RESPONSE• INFORM• NOTIFICATION• REPORT• SET• TRAP

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command syntax:“get” command example

% snmpget –v1 –c <community> <host name/IP> OID

IPHeader

UDPHeader

VersionCommunity

NameSNMPPDU

Commands in Detail

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• INFORM (inform request) – An asynchronous acknowledgment notification (provides ACK over UDP)

• NOTIFICATION – Agent to manager notification – unsolicited message

• REPORT – Indicates that a “core” SNMP stack communications error has occurred

• SET – Changes a managed device managed object value• TRAP – Alert message initiated by a managed device

agent to the NMS

Agent• Enabler of network management

features• Software within the managed device• Collects information• Communicates with the manager• Sends information to the MIB

– Polled info– Alert info

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Object ID“OID”

• The Object Identifier • Globally unique ISO identifier or locator• An address to identify a specific device parameter function or status• Hierarchical organized structure – similar to computer file structure

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NAUTEL OID example:

1.3.6.1.4.1.28142.1.300.256.329.0

System ManagerNMS – Network Management Station

• Heart of the SNMP System• Polls managed devices for information

– Status– Telemetry

• Sends commands to managed devices• Receives ‘traps” from managed devices• Sends email or SMS notifications• Provides a “Graphical User Interface” or “GUI dashboard”

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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management Protocol

Part 2

SNMP Manager Options:

FCC RequirementsTransmitter Monitoring/Control/Logging

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73.1350(b)(2) says "The transmitter control personnel must have the capability to turn the transmitter off at all times. If the personnel are at a remote location, the control system must provide this capability continuously or must include an alternate method of acquiring control that can satisfy the requirement of paragraph (e) of this section that operation be terminated within three minutes."

http://www.hallikainen.com/FccRules/

73.1800 requires the maintenance of a station log

For most stations, REQUIRED logging is limited to tower lights and EAS. For directional stations without an approved monitoring system, additional directional parameters are required.

SNMP Manager Selection“My Decision Tree”

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System ManagerSource

Open - SourceCommercial

$$

ITCentric

BroadcastCentric

Open – Source SoftwareCommercial Support $$

Open-Source System Manager

• Cacti

• Icinga2

• Nagios

• Open NMS

• Prometheus

• Zabbix

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Zabbixzabbix.org / zabbix.com

• Open-Source / IT Centric – v 4.4– Network– Server– Cloud– Application

• Linux based (CentOS)

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Commercial System Manager“IT Centric”

• SolarWinds NPM• Paessler PRTG• ManageEngine OpManager• SysAid Monitoring• Kaseya• Altera• Spiceworks NetMon• Pulseway• LogicMonitor• Event Sentry• Ipswitch WhatsUp Gold

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SolarWindswww.solarwinds.com

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• SolarWinds Network Perfromance Monitor / IT Centric – v2019-4– Network– Server– Cloud– Application

• Windows x64 PC/server based (Windows Server 2016 / 2019)

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Paessler prtgwww.paessler.com

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• Paessler Router Traffic Grapher / IT Centric – v 19– Network– Server– Cloud– Application

• Windows x64 PC/server based (Windows Server 2019)

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Commercial System Manager“Broadcast Centric”

• Burk

• Davicom

• Worldcast

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• Conventional remote control– Analog, GPI, GPO interfaces– Voice access

• SNMP system manager & agent• Networkable – create multi-site system

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System Manager Platform Considerations

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Adding snmp capability to legacy devices

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Logic outputsAnalog output(s) snmp

Generic snmp Interface Devices

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www.ControlByWeb.com

www.BlackBox.com

www.infrasensing.com

www.dnfcontrols.com

Interface capability built-in a broadcast centric SNMP system manager / agent

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GPO Control

GPI Control

Analog Input

System Manager ConfigurationGeneric Steps

• Establish System Manager Platform• Gather MIB(s)• Import MIB(s) – “compile”• Select parameters of interest• Build “dashboard”• Configure traps• Build “alerts”

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“Massaging” Inputs

31Courtesy: John Ahern Comlabs/Davicom

Alarms

• Alarm Aggregation• Alarm Qualification• Alarm Severity & Notification

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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management Protocol

Part 2

Obtaining MIB’s

MIB(S)Management Information Base

• Defines snmp capability of device– ASCII text file that describes elements available as a date object (OID)

• Discrete monitor points available• Control functions available• Traps available

– Written in ASN.1 (ISO) notation – Secret sauce to translate OID into meaningful information

• Obtain - Download from equipment mfg!

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MIB Structure:- syntax-- access--- description

MIB Examples

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MIB Examples

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Viewing a MIB• notepad or your favorite .txt file editor• MIB viewer / browser• System manager platform will include• Or google: “MIB viewer”

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MIB Viewer / Browser

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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management Protocol

Part 2

Agent Configuration

Agent Configuration• Configuration Information Required (minimum):• System manager IP address• Port: 162 (default)• Community string(s):

– Read-only “RO”– Read-write “RW”– Trap

• SNMPv1 & SNMPv2 use “public” as default read-only “RO”• SNMPv3 requires username/password with encryption key

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password of snmp

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“Fundamentals of SNMP”Simple Network Management Protocol

Part 2

Takeaway Review, Resources, & Questions

Takeaway Review“IMHO”

• SNMP – maybe “Not Always Simple”– Interfacing is simplified – “CAT 5 cable”– System manager configuration can be challenging– Not all devices are snmp capable– Broadcast centric system managers include I/O ports (analog, logic

in/out) – can be agent & system manager console

• Look to SNMP for monitoring the converged broadcast technical infrastructure:– Mature & open-protocol technology– One management platform to support – one “dashboard”– One alerting platform– Flexible & robust system monitoring & fault/threshold alerting

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Reference Texts (IT centric)For Further Study:

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Is there a SNMP part 3 webinar?

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I need your help to determinePlease comment in your feedback response!

Distinguished Lecturer

President

Wayne M. Pecena

Texas A&M University

w-pecena@tamu.edu

wpecena@sbe.org

979.845.5662