session no. 2, 2012: glass making
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Glass makingSarah Nightingale Session 2, 2012
Glass beads excavated from
Tomb 404 Necropolis 4
Glass Making
• Stage One - Raw Glass
• Stage Two – Glass working
Stage One - Raw Glass Components required
• Silica (sand)
• Soda (Natron)
• Stabiliser (eg lime)
• Fuel
Bet Shearim slab, Israel
Transporting raw glass
175 Glass Ingots located on Ulu Burun
Shipwreck dated c 1300 BC
Glass chunks on shipwreck from 2nd
century AD
Stage Two – Glass working
Chemicals to add or remove color
– Colorless glass (manganese oxide)– Opaque red (copper lead)– Royal blue (cobalt)– Dark green (lead)– White (antimony)
Garland bowl – Augustan era
Core formed vessels
Cast Glass
Glass blowing
Lamp from Slovenia depicting a glass blower
Glass blowing with a mold
Mosaic glass
Window glasscast or blown
Glass Jewelry
Recycling
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