security of iaea category 1 and 2 sources in the united · pdf filesecurity of iaea category 1...

Security of IAEA Category 1 and 2 Sources

in the United States

Brian J. McDermott Director, Division of Materials Safety and State Agreements

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission December 5, 2012

Overview

• Regulatory Arrangements and Program Scope

• Post September 11, 2001 Security Actions

• Incorporation of Security Requirements in Regulation

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Regulatory Responsibility

• US regulation of radioactive materials began in 1946

• Byproduct, source, and limited special nuclear material can be regulated by Agreement States

• ~ 22,500 materials licensees nationally • ~ 1,300 licensees hold 75,000 Category 1 and 2

sources

• >> 100,000 of Category 3, 4 and 5 sources in the U.S.

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Post 9/11 NRC Security Actions

• NRC Culture Shift – Goal of maintaining health & safety unchanged – Increased awareness of threat of malevolent use – Increased domestic & international efforts to enhance source control

and security

• Security Advisories and Orders

• Security Assessments – Irradiator – Manufacturing and distribution – Medical facilities – Universities – Radiographers and well loggers

• Rulemaking 4

NRC Security Requirements – Basis

• Prevent theft/diversion for malevolent use • Prompt detection, assessment, and reporting • Prompt law enforcement agency response • Confirmation of shipping/receiving • Additional security for sources in transit • Changes in the threat environment may warrant

additional security measures

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NRC Security Requirements

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Administrative - Background Investigations

- Document retention

- Information Protection

Security During Use - Access control - Monitor, detect, assess & respond

- Transportation security

- Portable & Mobile Device Controls

NRC Security Requirements - Administrative

• Background Investigations – Access limited, at all times, to approved individuals – Trustworthiness and reliability

• Documentation – Security Plans – Transportation Records – List of Approved Persons

• Information Protection - Access limited to those with a “need to know”

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NRC Security Requirements - Security During Use

Monitor, detect, assess and respond • Identify Secure Zones or Radioactive Material Locations • Immediately detect and assess unauthorized access • Immediately response to an actual or attempted theft, sabotage, or

diversion – Pre-arranged plan with law enforcement for assistance and armed response – Contact appropriate Regulatory Authority (NRC or Agreement State)

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NRC Security Requirements - Transportation

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Cat 1 Cat 2 Coordinate Arrival Time and Confirm Receipt Continuous and Active Monitoring of Shipment Communication Center/Call-In, Backup Communication Package Tracking Systems Capability to Summon En-Route Assistance Plan and Coordinate Shipment with En-Route States Advance Notification to NRC and En-Route States Investigation of Past Due Shipments Report Lost, Missing or Stolen Material Notify Law Enforcement and NRC Accompanying Individual/No Casual Stops/Surveillance Training, Procedures and Instructions

Security Requirements – Portable & Mobile Devices

• Additional Controls for Portable and Mobile Devices – Two independent physical controls that form tangible barriers – Other requirements apply to these devices as they are

transported from job-site to job-site

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Conclusion

• Security Requirements

• Security Culture Change – Heightened awareness – Compliance with security requirements

• Continuous Assessment of Security Program Adequacy is Necessary

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