security institutions reform – management or self- organization?the organization for security and...
Post on 19-Dec-2015
221 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Security Institutions Reform – Management or Self-
Organization? TheThe
Organization for Security and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Co-operation in Europe
(OSCE)(OSCE)
Don´t fix it if it ain´t broken
Stereotypes and Reality.....
International Organisations as Actors?
The largest European
Security Institution composed of 56 States
The Concept of The Concept of “Interlocking Institutions“ “Interlocking Institutions“
““Interlocking Decision-making“ Interlocking Decision-making“
In reality, “Interlocking“ would In reality, “Interlocking“ would be undertaken by the respective be undertaken by the respective
Foreign Ministries...Foreign Ministries...
OriginsOrigins
It was not planned that way,It was not planned that way,it just happenedit just happened
CurrentCurrentStructuresStructures
Structures IDecision-
Making Bodies
Structures IDecision-
Making BodiesMinisterial
Council(annual)
Senior Council(2x/year)
Chairperson-in-Office (one year)
Chair as with C-i-O
Chair as with C-i-O
Chair rotates quarterly
Permanent Council(weekly)
Forum for SecurityCo-operation
(weekly)
Summit Meetings(bi-annual)
ParliamentaryAssembly
ParliamentaryAssembly
All 56
Participating States
All 56
Participating States
Structures II : Executive LevelStructures II : Executive Level
Chairman-in-Office
RepresentativeFreedom of Media
SecretaryGeneral
High Commissioneron National Minorities
Administrative ControlAdministrative Control
ODIHR
SecretariatConflict
Prevention Center(OpsCent+ SitRoom)
Department ofManagement and Finance
Office of the SG
Department ofHuman
Resources
CharacteristicsCharacteristics
Organization for Organization for Security and Co-operationSecurity and Co-operationSecurity Security byby Co-operationCo-operation
Characteristics ICharacteristics I
Regional Arrangementunder Chapter VIII
UN-Charter
Primary Function:
Cooperative Security
(Art. 52)
Primary Function:
Cooperative Security
(Art. 52)
No Enforcement,except whenauthorized by
UN Security Council (Art. 53)
Prevention rather than repressionPrevention rather than repression
InstrumentsInstruments
Instruments of Conflict Prevention in the OSCE Framework
In the Political Field• Peaceful Settlement of
Disputes• Political and Humanitarian
Emergency Mechanisms• Missions of Preventive
Diplomacy and Crisis Management
• High Commissioner on National Minorities
In the Military Field
• Confidence- and Security-Building Measures
• Code of Conduct on Politico-Military Issues
• Military Emergency Mechanisms
TajikistanTajikistan
Types:Types:•preventivepreventive•Conflict ResolutionConflict Resolution•Post-conflict rehabilitationPost-conflict rehabilitation
199219921993199319941994199519951996199619971997199819981999199920002000200120012002200220032003
OSCE Field OperationsOSCE Field Operations
?StabilityStability
InstabilityInstability““Transmission belt“Transmission belt“
Russian FederationRussian Federation
criticizescriticizes::
- “One-sided“ emphasis on problem - “One-sided“ emphasis on problem areas in Eastern Europeareas in Eastern Europe;; - “Lack of balance“ between the - “Lack of balance“ between the human dimension and the politico-human dimension and the politico-military dimension;military dimension;- Western domination.- Western domination.
Looses interest in OSCE Looses interest in OSCE
Their last hope vanished...Their last hope vanished...
““Platform for co-operative Security”Platform for co-operative Security”
•International Co-operation based on Partnership International Co-operation based on Partnership excluding excluding hierarchy and permanent division of labourhierarchy and permanent division of labour
Istanbul Charter 1999Istanbul Charter 1999
Reforms ??
Panel of Panel of Eminent Eminent Persons, Persons,
20052005
Recommend-Recommend-ationsations
Recommendations:Recommendations:
- - Strengthening the OSCE's identity and Strengthening the OSCE's identity and profile. profile. - - Improving consultative and decision-Improving consultative and decision-making processes. making processes. - - Clarifying the roles of the Chairman-in-Clarifying the roles of the Chairman-in-Office and Secretary General. Office and Secretary General. - - Enhancing field operations. Enhancing field operations. - - Strengthening operational capacities. Strengthening operational capacities.
Recommendations:Recommendations:
Strengthening the OSCE's identity and Strengthening the OSCE's identity and profile: profile: - Legal personality- Legal personality- Concise “Statute” or “Charter”- Concise “Statute” or “Charter”- Raise profile by focusing on limited - Raise profile by focusing on limited range of prioritiesrange of priorities- Provide to the public a better - Provide to the public a better understanding understanding
Recommendations:Recommendations:
Improving consultative and decision-Improving consultative and decision-making processes:making processes:- Committee structure (Security, Human - Committee structure (Security, Human Dimension, Economy and Environment)Dimension, Economy and Environment)- Merge FSC with Security - Merge FSC with Security Committee(?)Committee(?)- Consensus rule preserved- Consensus rule preserved- Identify countries blocking consensus- Identify countries blocking consensus- Streamline Ministerial Council - Streamline Ministerial Council MeetingsMeetings
Recommendations:Recommendations:Clarifying the roles of CIO and SGClarifying the roles of CIO and SG
Chairman-in Chairman-in Office:Office:-Political -Political leadershipleadership-Political -Political iniativesiniatives-Assisting in -Assisting in building building consensusconsensus
Secretary GeneralSecretary General- Public face- Public face- Greater role in - Greater role in identifying potential identifying potential threatsthreats- More active role in- More active role inoperational managementoperational managementcoordinating OSCE coordinating OSCE activitiesactivities
Recommendations:Recommendations:
Enhancing field operations:Enhancing field operations: - Clear mandates- Clear mandates- Mandates for one year , renewable- Mandates for one year , renewable- Realistic benchmarks- Realistic benchmarks- Regular reports by HOMs- Regular reports by HOMs- Local staffing to build national - Local staffing to build national capacitiescapacities- Thematic Missions- Thematic Missions- Transparent selection of HOMs- Transparent selection of HOMs
Recommendations:Recommendations:
Strengthening operational capacitiesStrengthening operational capacities- Resist proliferation of structures;- Resist proliferation of structures;- - Personal and Special Representatives; Personal and Special Representatives; for limited time, no separate operational for limited time, no separate operational capabilites;capabilites;- Employment based on professionalism, - Employment based on professionalism, retain staff to preserve continuity;retain staff to preserve continuity;- Re-structure Secretariat to reflect - Re-structure Secretariat to reflect political and operational changes.political and operational changes.
...But Russian Resistance...But Russian Resistancecontinues :continues :
- “Lack of balance“ - “Lack of balance“ between the human between the human dimension and the dimension and the politico-military politico-military dimension dimension - “One-sided“ - “One-sided“ emphasis on problem emphasis on problem areas in Eastern areas in Eastern EuropeEurope- Western domination- Western domination
-““Do not criticize Do not criticize our human rights our human rights record, but disarm“record, but disarm“- “Send missions - “Send missions also to problem also to problem areas in Western areas in Western Europe“Europe“- “Take us more - “Take us more serious – we are still serious – we are still a major power“a major power“
The core area of The core area of continued common continued common
interest:interest:The fight against The fight against
terrorismterrorism
Conclusions
Conclusions:a)The OSCE works well within its
scope – do not overburden it;b)Problems are less of a structural
but more of a political nature;c)Whatever concepts we might
prefer – it is the States who finally decide;
d)Self-Organization is the only realistic way.
top related