searching scholarly literature the google scholar approach anurag acharya acha@google.com
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Searching Scholarly Literature
The Google Scholar Approach
Anurag Acharya
acha@google.com
Goal: Best possible scholarly search
Single place to find scholarly literature
– All areas, all languages, all time
Include all research from everywhere
– Provide worldwide visibility to all research
Index full articles, not just abstracts
– Much of the magic in Science lies in serendipity
Free for all users!
Overview
How far have we come?
– Largest scholarly search on the planet
– The most used scholarly search by far
– Worldwide cooperation with publishers/libraries
– Citing articles, related, recent ranking, alerts
New direction
– Google Scholar Citations
Coverage - sources All major and mid-size publishers/societies– Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, Science, Nature, APS, ACS, IEEE, ACM, IOP, OUP, Sage, JSTOR, Taylor & Francis, Highwire, LWW, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP Info,…
Most smaller publishers & journals
All major public A&Is– PubMed, INIST, ADS, DTIC, ERIC, AGRIS, WHO,…
Google Books, US/CAN/EU/WO Patents
Repositories: arXiv, PubMed, RePec, SSRN,…
Coverage - languages
All major languages with scholarly content
– Latin and Cyrillic languages
– Simplified/Traditional Chinese
– Japanese, Korean
All regions with significant num of articles– US, China, UK, Brazil, Germany, France, Japan, Korea, Australia, India, Italy, Spain, Canada, Turkey, Mexico, Netherlands, Latin America, Scandinavia, Africa,…
All indexing automated
Usage Sustained growth – year over year Source countries:
– US, China, UK, Brazil, Australia, Germany,
– Japan, Canada, Turkey, Netherlands, Taiwan,
– India, South Korea, France, Spain, Italy,
– Sweden, South Africa, Mexico, Thailand,
– Malaysia, Indonesia, Switzerland, NZ, Columbia
– …, Burundi, Djibouti, Albania, Barbados,…– …, Eritrea, Somalia, Niger, Laos, Congo, …
Cooperation with libraries
Library links
– Direct access to library’s subscriptions
– Additional links in results for affiliated users
– Automated identification of user affiliation
– Over 4000 libraries worldwide, 30 consortia
Library Search
– Direct links to nearby library catalogs
– 25 national union catalogs
Google Scholar Citations Simple way to track citations to author’s articles.
– Compute citation metrics, citation graphs
– Citation metrics for all articles in all journals
Create automatically maintained profile
– Citation metrics are automatically updated
Public profiles can appear in Google Scholar results
How well does it work?
• Most users take about 10 mins to setup
• Automatically finds all of author’s papers– Sometimes, even ones forgotten by authors
• Citation metrics automatically updated
• As yet in limited release
• Planning to release to all users soon!
Finally… Lucky to live in era of information plenty
– Better information glut than information famine
Lucky to live in the era of connectivity
– Everyone everywhere can help build the same cathedral of knowledge
Lucky to live in the era of rapid change
– Opportunity to leave the world a little bit better
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