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Unit 3 (Ch. 4) Reading Guide (not sections 8, 9 or 11) Name: _______________________

1. List 2 applications of Chemistry used before 1000 B.C.E.

2. What did the Greeks believe all matter was composed of around 400 B.C.E.?

3. All matter can be broken down to about ____________ different elements.

4. How many elements occur naturally? __________

5. How are the rest made?

6. List the origin of the names for at least 2 elements.

7. In writing element symbols, the first letter must be ___________ the second is ___________

Write symbols for sulfur: cobalt: copper: potassium:

8. Write a chemical formula. Explain each part (letters and numbers).

9. History and Models

Name Date Experiment/Observation Major Contribution/Discovery

Democritus 400BCE philosophized “atomos”= indivisible

John Dalton

J.J. Thomson (p. 81 and 83)

Ernest Rutherford

Chadwick XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

10. Models (draw each model and label with the approximate date, explain major characteristicsof each model)

Dalton (Ball Bearing) Thomson (Plum Pudding) Rutherford (Nuclear/Planetary)p. 81 p. 81 p. 82-84 + p.303-304

11. Define the following:

Isotopes:

Atomic Number:

Mass Number:

Ion:

Cation:

Anion: