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Scope and History
of
Implantology
What are Dental Implants ?
Manmade Roots
used to retain Dentures
What are Dental Implants ?
or support Crowns and Bridgework
or act as Anchorage in Orthodontics
Early Implantology
Incas
Egyptians
The Incas used
Semiprecious Metals
as Dental Implants
Egyptian Mummies found
with Crude Implants
Iron Molar Implant found in
a Roman Male
First Century AD
• 1700’s Century Human
Donors • 1809 Moggiolo Gold implant
• 1886 Edmunds Platinum
• 1937 Alvin Strock Vitallium
Modern
Implant Dentistry
On Bone Under the
Periosteum
Gustav Dahl
1948 Aaron Gerskoff
1962
Table Top
Subperiosteal Implants
Subperiosteal Implant
in place
“O” Ring Posts
Tripodal Implant
The Advantages of the Tripodal
Implant Design
• Owing to the Flexible Design
the Implant Flexes with the
Flexion of the Mandible
• Less Bone Loss occurs
Tripodal Implant
in Place
Endosteal
Implants
1950 & 1960’s
Scialom Pins
Chercheve
1962
• Free Gingival Grafts
• First developed in Paris in the Early 1900’s
• Introduced into the USA by King and Pennel
1965
Boyne
1965
Study begins utilizing Antigen Matched
Frozen Bone and Irradiated Bone
Mid 1960’s
Branemark Development
begins
1963
Ralph Roberts introduced
Blade Implants
First Stainless Steel Blade
Constructed by Ralph Roberts
in 1963 while a dental student
1967
Ralph Roberts gave an
X-ray of a Blade Implant to Leonard
Linkow
Linkow took a Pattern out on
Blade Implants
Linkow promoted Blade
Implants
to the Profession
Linkow Blades
Early Tatum Blade
Lead Apron
Buckle
Early Tatum Blade
Ralph and Harold
Roberts
Ramus Blade in place
Early Blades and a Subperiosteal Implant
1968
Custom Blades
Harold Roberts 1969
Ramus Frame
Ramus Frame
Severe Atrophy
Ramus Frame in Place
Temporary Denture
fitted
immediately
Permanent Denture
3 Months Later
Vitreous
Carbon
Implants
Gross
Bone Loss occurred
Due to cracks
in the
Vitreous Carbon
Causing Electrolitic
Action with the
Internal Metal
Modern Screw Implants
developed
Early 1970’s
Screw Implants
1970
Bone Expansion developed
1970-75
Maxillary Ridge Expansion
developed
1971
Onlay Grafting developed
“D” Fin Implant
Development
D Fin Implants
1970’s
Staple Implants
A Staple Implant
Scortecci Implants
1975 First Sinus Graft by Tatum
when Onlay Grafting
was found to be Inadequate
Sinus Grafting Development began
in 1975
May 1976
Sinus Grafting Concept first presented
at the
Alabama Implant Congress
by Hilt Tatum
May 1977 Paper on Sinus Grafting Concept
presented
at the American Academy of Implant
Dentistry
by Hilt Tatum
May 1977
Chaired by
Philip Boyne
August 1980
First Paper published on Sinus
Grafting
by Philip Boyne
1979
Human Clinical
Trials
Commercially
available 1983
Intra-mucosal Inserts
Intramucosal Inserts
Aluminium
Oxide
Ceramic
Aluminium Oxide Ceramic
Failed due to
Fractures
1975 Implants available
Tatum Sinus Implant
Tatum Sinus Implants
1977
The First Two Stage Implant
was introduced into the USA by
Tatum
1977
Direct Bone to Implant Surface reported
by Jack Lemons
1978 Jack Lemons’ Article reported
Direct Bone/Implant Interface
on a Tatum Titanium Implant
in Function for 8 years
Ralph Roberts observed
Bone/Implant Interface
at about this Time
1979
Human Clinical Trials on 1st
Synthetic Bone Graft Material (TCP)
Early 1980’s
Branemark described
Direct Bone /Implant Interface
as Osseointegration
1983
Dentist Lead Implantology
was replace by Commercially Lead
Dentistry
1983 Federal Drugs Administration approval
for marketing Synthetic Bone Graft Materials
Tri-Calcium Phosphate(TCP)
and Hydroxyappetits (HA)
1984 Irradiated Cancellous and
Demineralized Freeze Dried Bone
become Commercially Available
Late 1980’s
The Non-resorbable Material
GoreTex was marketed
1990 Comparative Study on Graft Materials
identifies
Irradiated Bone as Most Effective
Commercially available Bone Graft
Material
1990’s Proliferation
of Resorbable Membranes
1990’s
Lower Ridge Expansion developed
1990’s
Mandibular Bone Expansion
developed
Mini Implants
Considerable Bone Loss
a
Six Mini Implants in Place
Resurrecting a Broken Bridge
The Broken Bridge
Mini Implants in Place
Complete Bone Loss around
the Right Central Incisor
November 1999
The Mini Implants in place
2000 onwards The Tatum Ridge Reposition
Technique
The End
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