science| · issn 0036-8075 5 august1994 volume265 number5173 american associationforthe...

ISSN 0036-80755 AUGUST 1994VOLUME 265NUMBER 5173

AMERICANASSOCIATION FOR THEADVANCEMENT OFSCIENCE

NEWS & COMMENT

Changing of the Castle GuardNo Scientist, But a Friend of SciencePrivately Funded Exhibit RaisesScientists' Ire

Robotics: Dante Goes Into the Volcano

White House Lauds Basic Research

Rockefeller University: Death Threatsand Trial by Tabloid

There's a New Wildlife Policy in Kenya:Use It or Lose It

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RESEARCH NEWS;Will Holograms Tame the Data Glut? F 736

Gene Therapy for Clogged Arteries F 738Passes Test in Pigs

Genetic Engineering Yields First 739Pest-Resistant Seeds

Atmospheric Research: Stalking Flashy 740Beasts Above the Clouds

Cosmology: Spoiling a Universal 740'Fudge Factor'

THIS WEEK IN SCIENCE

EDITORIALAtomic, Molecular, and Optical Science

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LETTERS 721Institute of Human Origins Breakup: P. R. Renne;P. S. Apsell * UV-B and Ozone Observations:F. M. Mims III * Nitric Oxide Toxicity andPoly(ADP-Ribose)Polymerase: H. Kolb; S. H.Snyder * Perovskite Temperature Profile: R.Boehler and A. Zerr

Archaeology: Pulling Hair Fromthe Ground

PERSPECTIVE d. :: ---11

On the Evolution of Eyes: WouldYou Like It Simple or Compound?C. S. Zuker

SCIENCESCOPERANDOM SAMPLES

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r' 742

ARTICLEEarly Mars: How Warm and How Wet?S. W. Squyres and J. F. Kasting

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Volume Holographic Storage and F 749Retrieval of Digital Data

J. F. Heanue, M. C. Bashaw, L. Hesselink

REPORTSStructural Transitions in AmorphousWater Ice and Astrophysical ImplicationsP. Jenniskens and D. F. Blake

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Infrared Laser Spectroscopy of the 756Linear C13 Carbon ClusterT. F. Giesen, A. Van Orden, H. J. Hwang, R.S. Fellers, R. A. Proven~al, R. J. Saykally

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BOOK REVIEWS 817Modern Cosmology and the Dark Matter Problem andThe Renaissance of General Relativity and Cosmology,reviewed by C. J. Hogan * The Polymerase ChainReaction, M. A. D. Brow * The Development of Dro-sophila Melanogaster, A. Tomlinson * Vignettes aBooks Received

PRODUCTS & MATERIALS 821

Board of Reviewing EditorsErkki RuoslahtiGottfried SchatzJozef SchellRonald H. SchwartzTerrence J. SetnowskiEllen SolomonThomas A. SteitzMichael P. StrykerRobert T. N. TjianEmil R. Unanue

Geerat J. VermeijBert VogelsteinHarold WeintraubArthur WeissZena WerbGeorge M. WhitesidesOwen N. WitteWilliam A. Wulf

SCIENCE * VOL. 265 * 5 AUGUST 1994

SCIENCE|738 &781

736 & 749Artful digital storage

DEPARTMENTS

Frederick W. AltDon L. AndersonMichael AshburnerStephen J. BenkovicDavid E. BloomFloyd E. BloomPiet BorstHenry R. BourneMichael S. BrownJames J. Bull

Kathryn CalameC. Thomas CaskeyDennis W. ChoiJohn M. CoffinPaul J. CrutzenJames E. DahlbergRobert DesimoneBruce F. EldridgePaul T. EnglundRichard G. Fairbanks

Douglas T. FearonHarry A. FozzardKlaus FriedrichTheodore H. GeballeJohn C. GerhartRoger 1. M. GlassStephen P. GoffPeter N. GoodfellowCorey S. GoodmanIra Herskowitz

Eric F. JohnsonStephen M. KosslynMichael LaBarberaNicole Le DouarinCharles S. Levings IllAlexander LevitzkiHarvey F. LodishRichard LosickDiane MathisAnthony R. Means

Shigetada NakanishiRoger A. NicollStuart L. PimmYeshayau PockerDennis A. PowersRalph S. QuatranoV. RamanathanDouglas C. ReesT. M. RiceDavid C. Rubie

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aCOVE

A vapor deposit of ice warmed to 183 kelvin, much ascometary ice is heated during transit through the solarsystem, in a false-color transmission electron micro-scope image (xl 70,000). On warming, initially well-defined crystallites flow into a rolling landscape (blue).

Diffraction studies reveal both amorphous and cubiccrystalline components. These persist until at a highertemperature all ice transforms into the familiar hexago-nal form. See page 753. [Micrograph: P. Jenniskensand D. F. Blake]

Direct Spectroscopic Detection of a 759Zwitterionic Excited StateD. S. Engebretson, J. M. Zaleski, G. E. Leroi,D. G. Nocera

Antibody-Mediated BacteriorhodopsinOrientation for Molecular DeviceArchitecturesK. Koyama, N. Yamaguchi, T. Miyasaka

Excimers and Exciplexes of ConjugatedPolymersS. A. Jenekhe and J. A. Osaheni

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The Molecular Fossil Record of 768Oleanane and Its Relation to Angiosperms

J. M. Moldowan, J. Dahl, B. J. Huizinga, F. J.Fago, L. J. Hickey, T. M. Peakman, D. W.Taylor

The Temporal Distribution of Seismic 771Radiation During Deep Earthquake RuptureH. Houston and J. E. Vidale

Orientation Selectivity of CorticalNeurons During Intracellular Blockadeof InhibitionS. Nelson, L. Toth, B. Sheth, M. Sur

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NMR Solution Structure of a Peptide 777Nucleic Acid Complexed with RNAS. C. Brown, S. A. Thomson, J. M. Veal, D. G.Davis

Gene Therapy for Vascular Smooth r 781Muscle Cell Proliferation After Arterial InjuryT. Ohno, D. Gordon, H. San, V. J. Pompili,M. J. Imperiale, G. J. Nabel, E. G. Nabel

Homology of the eyeless Gene of F 785Drosophila to the Small eye Gene inMice and Aniridia in HumansR. Quiring, U. Walldorf, U. Kloter, W. J. Gehring

AAAS Board of Directors Ml = W M

Blockage of NF-KB Signaling by 789Selective Ablation of an mRNA Targetby 2-5A Antisense ChimerasA. Maran, R. K. Maitra, A. Kumar, B. Dong,W. Xiao, G. Li, B. R. G. Williams, P. F.Torrence, R. H. Silverman

793Discontinuous Mechanism ofTranscription ElongationE. Nudler, A. Goldfarb, M. Kashlev

Stimulation of RNA Polymerase II 796Elongation by Chromosomal ProteinHMG-14H.-F. Ding, S. Rimsky, S. C. Batson, M. Bustin,U. Hansen

Control of Topographic Retinal AxonBranching by Inhibitory Membrane-BoundMoleculesA. L. Roskies and D. D. M. O'Leary

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Induction of Mesoderm in Xenopus laevis 803Embryos by Translation Initiation Factor 4EP. S. Klein and D. A. Melton

An Osmosensing Signal Transduction 806Pathway in Mammalian CellsZ. Galcheva-Gargova, B. Derijard, I-H. Wu,R. J. Davis

A MAP Kinase Targeted by Endotoxinand Hyperosmolarity in Mammalian Cells

J. Han, J.-D. Lee, L. Bibbs, R. J. Ulevitch

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TECHNICAL COMMENTS MOW

Biological Control and Refuge Theory 811J. H. Myers, J. N. M. Smith, J. S. Elkinton;T. Williams and R. S. Hails; B. A. Hawkins,M. E. Hochberg, M. B. Thomas

Calcium and Inositol 8131,4,5-Triphosphate-Induced Ca2+ ReleaseL. Combettes and P. Champeil; E. A. Finch andS. M. Goldin

M Indicates accompanying featurewi

Alan SchriesheimJean'ne M. ShreeveChang-Lin TienWarren M. WashingtonNancy S. Wexler

William T. GoldenTreasurer

Richard S. NicholsonExecutive Officer

* SCIENCE (ISSN 0036-8075) Is published weekly on Friday, exceptthe last week In December, by the American Association for the Ad-vancement of Science, 1333 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Second-class postage (publication No. 484460) paid at Washington, DC, and additionalmailing offices. Copyright © 1994 by the American Association for the Advance-ment of Science. The title SCIENCE is a registered trademark of the AAAS.Domestic individual membership and subscription (51 issues): $92 ($50 allocatedto subscription). Domestic institutional subscription (51 issues): $215. Foreignpostage extra: Mexico, Caribbean (surface mail) $50; other countries (airassist delivery) $95. First class, airmail, student and emeritus rates on re-quest. Canadian rates with GST available upon request, GST #1254 88122.Printed in the U.S.A.

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SCIENCE * VOL. 265 * 5 AUGUST 1994

742& 785PAX6: Seeing is believing

Eloise E. ClarkRetiring President,Chairman

Francisco J. AyalaPresident

Rita R. ColwellPresident-elect

William A. Lester Jr.Simon A. LevinAnna C. Roosevelt

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