sap sd fundamentals
Post on 27-Nov-2014
361 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Sales and Distribution (SD) Sales and Distribution (SD) OverviewOverview
R/3R/3
FIFIFinancialFinancial
AccountingAccounting
COCOControllingControlling
PSPSProjectProjectSystemSystem
WFWFWorkflowWorkflow
ISISIndustryIndustry
SolutionsSolutions
MMMMMaterialsMaterials
Mgmt.Mgmt.
HRHRHumanHuman
ResourcesResources
SDSDSales &Sales &
DistributionDistribution
PPPPProductionProductionPlanningPlanning
QMQMQualityQuality
ManagementManagementPMPM
Plant MaintenancePlant Maintenance
SMSMServiceServiceManage-Manage-
mentment Integrated SolutionIntegrated SolutionClient / ServerClient / ServerOpen SystemsOpen Systems
ECECEnterpriseEnterpriseControllingControlling
AMAMFixed AssetsFixed Assets
Mgmt.Mgmt.
SD
• Mechanisms to execute the business processes used in the selling, shipping and billing of products and services
• Tightly coupled data flow to the other SAP modules — Integration
• Flexible and robust functionality that is tailored through configuration
SD Components
SalesSupport
MasterData
Shipping
Sales
ForeignTrade
Billing
SalesInfo
System
Transportation
SD Overview — Master Data
• Detailed information about customers, materials and business partners
• Flexible data structures that support the business environment
• Specialized master data to support sales order processing
SD Overview — Sales Support• Provides the functionality to support the staff
involved in business development and customer service processes
• Primary functions– Sales Prospects– Contact Persons– Competitors and Competitive Products– Sales Activities– Direct Marketing
SD Overview — Sales• Primary base for
customer order management
• Highly customizable• Sophisticated pricing• Integrated ATP• Integrated credit
management
• Sampling of functions– Inquiries & Quotes– Sales Orders– Returns– Contracts & Scheduling
Agreements– Consignment– Rush Orders & Cash Sales– Back Orders & Subsequent
Deliveries– Credit & Debit Memo
Requests
SD Overview — Shipping• Main functions
– Picking, Packing & Inventory management– Generate Shipping Documents
• Transportation Management– Routes– Transportation Scheduling
• Delivery Scheduling, Returns Deliveries & Stock Transfer
SD Overview — Billing• Invoice Generation — automatic or
manual• Comprehensive set of billing functions • Linked documents — e.g. invoice & credit
memo• Real-time integration with finance (FI)• Fully integrated and comprehensive
pricing
SD Overview — S I S
• Flexible tool that allows one to collect, consolidate, and utilize data from sales and distribution processing
• A component of the Logistic Information System (LIS)
TransportationTransportation
Foreign TradeForeign Trade
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- Process Flow -- Process Flow -
Supply Chain Process
Customer Order Picking Goods Issue
BillingAccounts ReceivableFinal Payment
SAP Process Steps
QuotationSalesOrder
Sales
Shipping DeliveryNote
PickingPost Goods
Issue
Billing Billing
FIA/R
PostIncomingPayment
Sales — Inquiry & Quotation
• Support pre-sales processes
• Are time sensitive
• Automatic availability check
• Automatic pricing
• No impact to FI
• Can be used as reference documents
Sales — Sales Order• Core of customer
order management• No impact to G/L• Can reference
existing documents• Copies key
information from master data
• Automated standard functions ...– availability check– MRP updating– pricing– credit check– delivery scheduling– export control– shipping & route
determination
Shipping — Delivery Note
• Initiates the shipping process
• Control document for shipping processes — maintains status of each processing step
• Re-confirms: availability, credit, foreign trade, delivery scheduling
• Facilitates transportation planning
Shipping — Picking & Packing
• Picking: Physical activity of moving goods from the warehouse for further processing (packing, loading)
• Packing: Determines packing materials and packing details
• Advanced processing includes, e.g. batch mgmt., serial number control
Shipping — Post Goods Issue
• Completes the shipping process
• Typically performed when customer takes ownership
• Updates inventory
• Updates G/L accounts– Cost of goods sold– Inventory
Billing• Generate customer invoice
• Updates FI– Customer account– G/L accounts: revenue, discount, etc.
• Applies relevant pricing
• Updates customer credit
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- Organizational - Organizational Structures -Structures -
Sales Organization
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
DirectDistribution Channel
DI
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
WholesaleDistribution Channel
WH
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
RetailDistribution Channel
RE
Domestic SalesSales Organization
So00
BaseballDivision
BB
CricketDivision
SB
WholesaleDistribution Channel
WH
EuropeSales Organization
EURO
BaseballDivision
BB
WholesaleDistribution Channel
WH
Asia PacificSales Organization
APAC
Pastime CorporationCompany Code
CC00
Client860
Sales Organization• Sells and distributes products, negotiates
terms of sales and is responsible for these business transactions
• Critical organization element to the definition of business markets
• A business transaction is linked to one Sales Organization
Distribution Channel
• Identifies how products and services reach the customer
• Can be assigned to one or more Sales Organizations
Division• Often times used to define product line
distribution• Organization level to which customer
specific information and requirements are maintained — e.g. pricing, partial delivery
• Assigned to one or more Sales Organizations
Sales Area• Organizational element comprised of:
– Sales Organization– Distribution Channel– Division
• Will be used to link together the organizational aspects of sales to customers
• Used for statistical analysis
Sales Area
Domestic SalesSales Organization
SO00
DirectDistribution Channel
DI
WholesaleDistribution Channel
WH
RetailDistribution Channel
RE
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
Sales Area
Domestic SalesSales Organization
SO00
DirectDistribution Channel
DI
WholesaleDistribution Channel
WH
RetailDistribution Channel
RE
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
BaseballDivision
BB
SoftballDivision
SB
Sales Office
• Typically defines a territory or market area
• Linked to one or more Sales Areas
• Optional organization structure
Internal Sales Organization
Domestic Domestic Sales AreaSales Area
WesternWesternSales OfficeSales Office
EasternEasternSales OfficeSales Office
Sales Group
• Sales Group– Sub-division of a sales office, territory or
market
Sales Person
• Sales Person– Defined in HR — Personnel Admin.– Specifically defines an individual rather than a
position (sales rep.) in sales processing
Internal Sales Organization
DomesticDomesticSales AreaSales Area
Western Western Sales OfficeSales Office
Eastern Eastern Sales OfficeSales Office
SouthwestSouthwestSales GroupSales Group
NorthwestNorthwestSales GroupSales Group
Sales Sales PersonPerson
Sales Sales PersonPerson
Sales Sales PersonPerson
SoutheastSoutheastSales GroupSales Group
NortheastNortheastSales GroupSales Group
Sales Sales PersonPerson
Sales Sales PersonPerson
Shipping Point & Loading Point
• Shipping Point– Location that performs all delivery related
activities– Assigned a factory calendar– A delivery can be processed from only one
shipping point
• Loading Point– A subdivision of the shipping point used for
more specialized handling
Shipping Organization
D ock # 1L oad in g P t
D 1
D ock # 2L oad in g P t
D 2
F re ig h t D ockS h ip p in g P t
S P 0 0
D ock # 3L oad in g P t
E X
E xp ressS h ip p in g P t
Q U IK
D ock # 2L oad in g P t
X P
E xp ortS h ip p in g P t
E X P T
S iou x F a llsP L A N TP T0 0
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- Master Data -- Master Data -
SD Master Data - Core Elements
MasterData
Custo
mer M
aterial
Pricing
-General Data
Basic Unit of Measure
Division
Material Group
Sales Unit
Delivering Plant
Cash discount
-Tax data
Country
Tax category
Tax classification
-Quantity stipulations
Min. order quantity
Min. delivery quantity
Delivery unit
Material Master — Sales: sales org. 1Basic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales: text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
Material Master — General Data
Base Unit of Measure The Base Unit of Measure is the unit of measure in which stocks are managed within your company.
Division You may enter the Division which your product is in for sales (defaults if entered in the Basic data screen).
Material Group A (freely definable) key that’s used to group several materials or services for analysis/reporting as well as search by match code.
Sales Unit This is the unit of measure in which the material is sold, if different from the base unit of measure.
Delivering Plant Plant, from which the material is available for sale. This is a default value only.
Cash discount Indicator used for materials, which allow for a cash discount.
Material Master — Tax data & Quantity stipulations
Tax data
Country Country
Tax category Taxes, applicable to this material (e.g. Federal, State taxes in US, VAT in GB)
Tax classification taxable, exempt
Quantity stipulations
Min. order quantity Min. quantity a customer can order (in base unit of measure).
Min. delivery quantity Min. delivery quantity to a customer.
Delivery unit Only multiples of this number will be delivered to the customer.
-Grouping terms
Matl statistics group
Material pricing grp
Volume rebate group
Acct assignment grp
Commission group
Item Category group
Material Master — Sales: sales org. Basic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales: text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
Material Master — Grouping terms
Matl statistics group Helps to determine which data the system updates in the Logistics Information System (LIS).
Material pricing grp A way to group materials with similar pricing conditions.
Volume rebate group A material can be assigned to a volume rebate group (e.g. Low Rebate, High Rebate) if the material qualifies for rebate.
Acct assignment grp A grouping of materials with the same accounting requirements (used to determine revenue and sales deduction accounts)
Commission group Several materials can be assigned to the same commission group, if the commission sharing between representatives is the same for these materials (e.g. Rep.A: 6%, Rep.B: 10%, Rep C: 12%).
Item Category groupA grouping of materials, that helps the system determine the Item Category. Item Category determines how a specific item is processed by system. E.g. a text item is not relevant for pricing.
General data
Base unit
Gross weight
Net weight
Avail. Check
Shipping data (times in days)
Trans. Grp
LoadingGrp
Packaging material data
Matl grp ship. matls
General plant parameters
Negative stock
Material Master — Sales: general/plantBasic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
Material Master — General data & Shipping data (times in days)
General data
Base unit The Base Unit of Measure is the unit of measure in which stocks are managed within your company.
Gross weight In Base Units of Measure.
Net weight In Base Units of Measure.
Avail. Check Tells the system when to do an availability check, as well as which MRP elements (such as purchase orders, reservations) to include in the check.
Shipping data (times in days)
Trans. Grp Transportation groups are groups of materials that have the same transportation requirements. For example, all goods that need refrigeration.
Loading Grp Loading groups define materials that have the same loading requirements, such as forklift truck, or crane.
Material Master — Packaging material data & General plant parameters
Packaging material data
Matl grp ship. matls, or
Material group shipping materials Freely definable group name, which is used to indicate groups of materials with similar shipping materials, such as liquids or bulk, for example.
General plant parameters
Negative stock Check mark indicator, which specifies whether negative stock is allowed at that plant.
- Sales texts Text
specific to
the material
and in an
appropriate
language.
Material Master — Sales textsBasic Data 1 - 2
Classification
Sales: sales org. 1 - 2
Sales: general/plant
Purchasing
Foreign Trade: Import Data
Sales text
Purchase order: text
MRP 1 - 4
Forecasting
Storage 1 - 2
Warehouse Management 1 - 2
Quality Management
Accounting 1 - 2
Costing 1 - 2
Account Groups
• Account group determines which fields are to be used in defining customer master data
Field Status
Field status controls the use of each field within the customer master determining whether a field is required, optional, suppressed or display only
Field status controls are also relevant to a specific activity — create, change, or display
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- - Customer MasterCustomer Master - -
Customer Master
Sales & DistributionData
Com pany CodeData
GeneralData
Customer Master
• Centralized data for both SD & FI• Segmented into three sections
– General data - address & communication– Company code data (FI) - banking and
payment information related to FI– Sales data (SD) - pricing, delivery, output
• The sales data is specific to one sales area and is therefore dependent on the sales organization
Customer Master by Sales Area
Customer
• Sales Organization
• Distribution Channel
• Division
General Data — AddressCustomer Name
Search Term
Street address, City,
Postal code, Country
Language
General Data — Communication
Telephone, Fax, Data numbers
Customer Master — Address & Communication
Customer Master — Control Data
General data — Control data
Account control : Vendor, Authorization Trading partner, Group key
Tax information : Tax codes, Fiscal address Country code, City code
VAT N, Tax jurisdiction codeEqualization tax, Sole proprietorTax on sls/pur.
Reference data / area : International Locator No.
Industry: Transport ZoneExpress stationTrain station
Location code
General Data — Marketing
Classification : Nielsen ID Customer classification Industry
Industry codes
Operating figures : Annual salesNumber of employees
Fiscal year variant
Sales prospecting : Legal status
Customer Master — Marketing
General Data — Payment Transactions
Bank details Country Bank KeyAccount holderBank AccountControl KeyCollection
Customer Master — Payment Transactions
General Data — Unloading points
Unloading point
Customer factory calendar
Default Unloading Point
Goods receiving hours
Customer Master — Unloading Point
General Data — Foreign trade
Country key for export control of customer
Table of Denial Orders list (TDO)
Special Designated Nationals list (SDN)
Diversion High Risk Profile list (DHRP)
Usage and Classification
Customer Master — Foreign Trade
General Data — Contact persons
Name
Telephone number
Department
First name
Form of address (e.g. Mr., Ms.)
Function
Customer Master — Contact Persons
Accounting info Reconciliation Account Sort key Head office
Interest calculation Interest indicator Interest calculation
frequency Last key date
Reference data Buying group
Customer Master — AccountingInformationCompany Code Data
Accounting Information
Customer Master — Payment TransactionsCompany Code Data
Payment Transactions
Payment data: Payment termsTolerance group
Automatic Payment Transactions: Payment methods
Alternative payerLockbox
Customer Master — CorrespondenceCompany Code Data
Correspondence
Dunning data : Dunning procedureDunning recipient
Correspondence : Account numberat customerCustomer user
Paymentnotices to : Customer
SalesAccountingLegal
Customer Master — InsuranceCompany Code Data
Insurance
Export creditinsurance : Policy number
Institution numberAmount insuredValid untilLead monthsDeductible
Sales Data — Sales area
Sales order : Sales districtSales officeSales groupOrder probabilityItem proposalAccount at customer
Pricing /Statistics: Price group
Customer pricing procedurePrice list typeCustomer statistical group
Customer Master — Sales
S & D Data — Shipping
Shipping : Delivery priorityShipping conditionsDelivering plantOrder combinationBatch split allowed
Partial Delivery: Complete deliveryPartial delivery of itemMaximum part deliveries
Customer Master — Shipping
S&D Data — Billing
Billing section : Manual invoice maint.RebatePricingBilling scheduleInvoice list schedule
Delivery andpayment terms : Incoterms
Payment terms
Accounting : Account assignment group
Taxes: Tax requirements for the customer
Customer Master — Billing
S&D Data — Partner functions
The different partners are assigned
• SP Sold-to-party• BP Bill-to-party• PY Payer• SH Ship-to-party• … additional Partner function(s)
Customer Master — Partner Functions
Assigning Additional Partners
— Siesta Baseball League - Vera Cruz, NM — Sold-to : 10018Bill-to : 10018Payer : 10018Ship-to : 10018
— Siesta Baseball League - Vera Cruz, NM — Sold-to : 10018Bill-to : 10018Payer : 10018Ship-to : 10018Ship-to : 10249 - Bakersfield, CA
Sold-to
Payer Ship-toBill-to
Sold-to
Payer Ship-toBill-to Ship-to
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- - Business PartnersBusiness Partners - -
Business Partners• Defines all of the parties involved in a
business transaction and differentiates between their roles — customer, carrier, employees, customer contact, etc.
• Through customizing the system automatically assigns partners to the customer master and to transactions
Sold-to Ship-to Bill-to Payer
Business Partners• The system creates these four business
partners by default. All four are required.
• All four may be the same or may be different.
• Since these are automatically assigned partners you may need to add additional partners to carry out your business transactions.
Sold-to Ship-to Bill-to Payer
Business partners — Sold-to• Customer that
orders the goods• Can perform all
primary partner functions — sold-to, ship-to, payer, bill-to
• Primary type of business partner
• Cannot be linked to other sold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
Business partners — Ship-to
• Party that receives the goods
• Can be created as an independent partner and linked to one or more sold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
Business partners — Bill-to
• Party that receives the invoice
• Can be created as an independent partner and linked to one or more sold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
Business partners — Payer
• Party that sends the payment
• Can be created as an independent partner and linked to one or more sold-to partners
Sold-to
Ship-to
Bill-to
Payer
Business Partners — Example
Sold-to
Bill-to
Payer
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Ship-to
Sold-to
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- - PricingPricing - -
Pricing
• “World-class” functionality
• Highly customizable & extendible
• One of the most complex features of SAP
• Used to determine the net price for a material or an order
Pricing Process• Standard pricing calculates the gross
price, then applies discounts, surcharges and applicable taxes to arrive at the final pricefinal price = gross price - discounts + surcharges + taxes
• Cost-plus pricing determines the base cost and applies the appropriate discounts, surcharges and taxesfinal price = cost - discounts + surcharges + taxes
Pricing Components• Pricing is based on a matrix of predefined
and custom elements• Delivered element groups (a.k.a.
conditions)– Prices– Discounts & Surcharges– Freight– Taxes
Pricing Procedure
• In short, the mechanism used to arrive at the final price
• Considers all of the applicable pricing conditions, e.g. material price, customer discount
• Is assigned by: sales area, sold-to party and sales document type (e.g. sales order)
Pricing Procedure
• The pricing procedure uses what SAP calls “the condition technique”.
• The pricing condition technique starts with the:– Pricing Procedure which looks at – Conditions which use– Access Sequences which accesses– Condition tables which point to– A price, discount or other condition ($)
R/3 Pricing Process
SALES DOC. ITEM
DETERMINE PRICING PROCEDURE
FOR ITEM
PRICE THEITEM
DETERMINE ACCESS SEQUENCE FOR EVERY
CONDITION TYPE INPRICING PROCEDURE
ACCESS THE CONDITION RECORDS AND
DETERMINE PRICE
UNIFORMSALES AREA &
DOCUMENT TYPE &SOLD-TO
CONDITION TYPE AND ACCESS SEQUENCE
ARE LINKED INTABLE
PR00
KI00
TX00
FR00
CONDITIONTYPE
ACCESSSEQUENCE
TX00
FR00
KI00
PR00
- - -$9.25N/A
STOPS LOOKING AFTERFINDING FIRST VALUE
ETC.
PRICE ELEMENTCONTROL PARAMETERSUPPER/LOWER LIMITS
PRICINGPROCEDURE
USSTD PR00
TX00
KI00
FR00
USALT
DISCOUNT
CONDITIONTYPE
CONDITION
PRICE
FREIGHT
TAXES
DISCOUNT
PRICE
KI01
PR00
KEY
CUSTOMER/MAT’L ORPRICE LIST/MAT’L OR
MATERIAL
LOOK FOR CONDITION RECORDS IN THIS ORDER
OF CONDITION TABLES
ACCESSSEQUENCE
01
02
03
PR00 CUSTOMER/MATERIAL
PRICE LIST TYPE/MAT’L
MATERIAL
ORDER
ETC.
KI00 01
02
03
CUSTOMER/MATERIAL
PRICE LIST TYPE/MAT’L
MATERIAL
SALESAREA
DOC.TYPE
SOLDTO
PRICINGPROCEDURE
US01
US01
UK01
UK02
USSTD
USALT
UKSTD
UKSTD
A
B
1
1
1
1
A
A
Price Agreements
• Simple price agreements– product– customer– customer & material– customer group &
material
• Detailed price agreements– pricing scales– rebates– customer expected
price
Specialized Master Data
• Customer Material Info. Record
• Item Proposal
• Listing & Exclusion
• Product Substitution
Customer/Material Info. Record• Defines a customer alias for a material
& description, for example:Material # : Glove Customer # : Pastime
Glove
• Can further define attributes of the material, shipping and partial delivery information specific to the product and customer
• Referenced in the sales order using the Ordering Party overview
Item Proposal• Used to define frequently ordered combinations
or special assortments of products and quantities
• Either products or products with quantities can be selected during order entry
• An item proposal can be defined for a customer via the customer master record
Material Listing & Exclusion
• Used to control what products are available for a customer or group
• Material Listing — defines products that can be sold to a customer
• Material Exclusion — defines products that cannot be sold to a customer
Product Substitution Material Determination
• Enables automatic or manual substitution of materials during sales order processing
• Examples: – substitute a standard product with a
promotional material– substitute based on a customer preference– substitute based on selection list (manual)
Customizing For Transactions Shipping Functions
• Shipping Point Determination– The shipping point is determined for each line
item based on the shipping point determination
– shipping point = shipping condition +loading group +delivering plant
Customizing For Transactions Shipping Functions
• Route Definition– Route to be traveled and the transit time – Generic routes can be used to simply define
transit time • Route Determination
Proposed route = shipping point + destination country + transportation zone +shipping condition
Sales & DistributionSales & Distribution
- Transactions -- Transactions -
Business Document Types
Inquiry
Credit Memo
Returns
Quotation
Sales Order
Cash Sale
Rush Order
Consignment
Contract
SchedulingAgreement
Debit Memo
ReturnablePackaging
Order Processing Functionality
• Delivery scheduling• Availability check• Transfer of requirements to MRP• Pricing• Credit check• Shipping point & route determination• Foreign trade & license processing• Document flow
Delivery Scheduling
• Automatic scheduling of essential shipping activities ...Calculated using defined activity times ...Resulting in scheduled activity dates
• Determined using backward and forward scheduling rules
Delivery Scheduling
• Structure of sales documents
Header
Line item # 1
Line Item # 2
Schedule line # 1
Schedule line # 1
Schedule line # 2
Delivery Scheduling — Terminology• Transportation lead time — time required
to schedule transportation• Pick/Pack time — time required for picking
and packing• Load time — time required to load• Transit time — time required to transport
goods from shipping point to ship-to
Backward Scheduling
RequestedDelv. Date
GoodsIssue
LoadingMaterialAvailability
OrderDate
Transp.Sched.
TransitTime
(2 days)
LoadingTime(1 day)
Pick & PackTime
(2 days)
Transp.
Sched.Time(1 day)
26th 27th 28th 29th 31st25th
25
Forward Scheduling
RequestedDelv. Date
GoodsIssueLoading
MaterialAvailability
OrderDate
Transp.Sched.
TransitTime
(2 days)
LoadingTime(1 day)
Transp.Sched.Time(1 day) New
Delv. Date
27th 27th 28th 29th 31st26th
27
1
Pick & PackTime
(2 days)
Availability Check
• Determines the material availability date• Considers inward and outward movement of
inventory — customizable• Influences partial deliveries by
– proposing a quantity that can be delivered on the requested date (complete delivery)
– determines the earliest date for full delivery– determines the number and dates for partial deliveries
to fulfill the order
Availability Check
• In determining the material availability date the system can include specific stocks if selected, such as:– Safety stock– Stock in transfer– Quality inspection stock– Blocked stock– Restricted use stock
Transfer of Requirements to MRP
• Ordered quantities are passed to MRP (MM)
• Controlled by the schedule line category
• Blocking of documents can affect requirements passing — delivery block
Credit Check
• Efficient means to implement credit management
• Integrated with FI — via credit control area• Automatically alerts when a credit check
fails• Comprehensive credit management
reporting
Shipping Point & Route Determination
• A shipping point is determined for each line item — shipping point determination
• A delivery can only be processed from one shipping point
• Routes - route to be traveled & transit time are determined using customized rules
• Routes can be used to simply define transit time
Foreign Trade & License Processing
• Predefined trade areas — NAFTA, EU
• Automated reporting for trade areas
• Automated controls– license management– embargo lists– control by customer, country, product, point in
time
Shipping
Shipping Overview
• Comprehensive functionality to support picking, packing and loading functions
• Work list and deadline monitoring
• Functions with backorder processing
• Tightly coupled to the MM and FI modules
• Facility for transportation management
Shipping Overview
Order
Order
Order
Delivery
OrderCombination
Order
Delivery
PartialDelivery
Delivery
Order
CompleteDelivery
Delivery
Delivery
Shipping Overview
• Delivery creation activities– checks order and materials to determine if a
delivery is possible — delivery block, incompleteness
– confirms availability– confirms export/foreign trade requirements – determines total weight & volume
Shipping Overview
• Delivery creation activities– generates packing proposal– considers partial deliveries – updates route assignment– assigns picking location– determines batches– updates sales order — status, delivery qty
Deliveries & Delivery Notes
• The Delivery Note– Initiates the delivery process– Control mechanism for the process– Changes to delivery are allowable - products, quantities
DeliveryNote
Picking
Packing
Loading
Post GoodsIssue
Status
Delivery Due List
• Produces a work-list of deliveries• Encompasses deliveries and transfers• Can be scheduled to run in batch• Automatically combines deliveries
Picking
• Quantities based on delivery• Assigned date when picking should begin• Automated storage location assignment• Supports serial number tracking and batch
management• Integrated with Warehouse Management
(WM)
Packing
• Identifies which packaging is to be used for specified products
• Identifies and updates accounts associated with returnable packaging
• Tracks the packed product by container
• Insures weight/volume restrictions are enforced
Goods Issue
• Event that indicates the change in ownership of the products
• Reduces inventory• Automatically updates the G/L accounts• Ends the shipping process and prevents
changes to the shipping documents
Generalledger
Inventory
750
Cost of goods sold
750
Goods Issue
Billing Overview
• Automated invoicing based on sales orders and/or deliveries
• Functionality for processing credit/debit memos and rebates
• Integration with FI & CO-PA
• Updates customer’s credit data
• Can create pro forma invoices
Automatic Account Assignment
• Defines the G/L accounts that billing entries are posted to — revenue, deduction, freight charges
Cust Acct
. Grp.01
Application
V
Sales Org.
SOxx
KOFI
Chart of
Accounts
CHRT
FromTable
FromSalesDoc.
Account Key
ERL
From Pricing
Proc
Condition Type
610000
From Table
G/L Accou
nt
From Customer
Master
FromSalesDoc.
FromSalesDoc.
Billing Methods
Separate invoice per delivery
DeliveryOrder
Delivery
Invoice
Invoice
DeliveryOrder
Delivery Invoice
DeliveryOrder
CollectiveInvoice
Order DeliveryInvoice
Invoice
InvoiceSplit
Billing Documents
• Explicitly specify documents• Billing due list — builds a worklist of
invoices that should be generated
• Automatic posting to FI
Billing Documents
Generalledger
Revenue2000
A/R recon.2000
Customer2000
Billing Plans
• Periodic — total amount for a planned billing period
• Milestone — distributing the total amount over multiple billing dates - typically used with the project system (PS)
• Installment — evenly proportioned amounts and defined payment dates
• Resource related — consumed resources such as service or consulting
SD Milestone Billing
Billing Description % Value Billing Milestone Billingdate block status11/20/96 Contract 10 30,000 - x x01/20/97 Assembly 40 120,000 - x x04/20/97 Operational 40 120,000 x x05/20/97 Acceptance 10 30,000 x x06/20/97 Final invoice -- - - x
Sold-to : QAZ Industries Delivery Date : 06/20/97Material : 546-dk1 Generator Price : $300,000
SalesOrder
BillingPlan
Outline Agreements
• Contracts
• Schedule Agreements
Contracts
• Defined quantities and validity period for a customer
• The contract is fulfilled by orders placed against the contract - release orders
• Contracts are automatically updated through release order processing
• Pricing can be assigned to a contract
Contracts
ContractTarget Qty: 900Order Qty: 700
ContractTarget Qty: 900Order Qty: 750
...
Release OrderOrder Qty: 200
Release OrderOrder Qty: 150
Scheduling Agreements• Defines specific product quantities and delivery
dates for a customer• Schedule lines and processed through standard
delivery processing• Availability check is performed during creation
and quantities are passed to MRP• System automatically updates delivered
quantities
Delivery 5/10 100
Delivery 6/10 100Delivery 7/10 200
Delivery 8/10 300
Scheduling Agreements
Scheduling Agreement
Date Qty05/15 10006/15 10007/15 20008/15 300
Backorders
Backorder Processing
Rescheduling
Backorders
• Backorder processing– determines which orders have unconfirmed
quantities by customer or material– sort the orders according to priority– assign available stock to outstanding orders
or reassign confirmed quantities to high-profile orders
Backorders
• Rescheduling – updates the orders with the results of the
availability check– can be used to manage the distribution of
available inventory when demand is greater than supply
• Best if run in batch mode, rescheduling can be very time consuming
Customer Returns
ReturnOrder
Goods ReceiptQuality Inspection
Credit Memo
Customer Returns
Order Delivery Invoice
ReturnsDeliveryReturn
CreditMemo
1
2
3
Return toInventory
Customer Returns
• Returns document– Billing block can be proposed– Use the Order reason field to identify the
reason for the return– Full access to pricing and ability to re-price
• Return delivery– Issues a goods receipt to place material into
inventory
Customer Returns
• Credit memo– Billing block must be cleared from Return– Posts to FI– Can be processed in batch (background)– Can be processed collectively (grouped)
Output & Text
Communication — Output
SAPDocument
FAX
PrintedDocuments
EDI
Bar CodedDocuments
Workflow
Communication — Output
• Output — traditional forms or electronic communications produced for internal or external partners
• Assigned to business partners & sales documents
• Definable media — EDI, fax, print
• Highly customizable — Sapscript
Communication — Text
• Texts are used for internal and external communication
• Created for business partners, materials, header or item level of sales documents — order, delivery, billing, picking lists
SIS Overview
• Flexible information system designed to support business planning, forecasting and reporting
• Pre-defined catalog of performance measures and reports
• On-demand access to reports and exceptions
• Data maintained in a separate database
Logistics Information System
• Inventory Management
• Purchasing
• Sales and Distribution
• Production
• Plant Maintenance
• Quality Management
Inventory Information System Standard Analysis
• Material
• Plant
• Storage Location
• MRP Controller
• Material Groupings
Purchasing Information System Standard Analysis
• Material
• Vendor
• Material Group
• Purchasing Group
• Purchasing Documents
Sales Information System Standard Analysis
• 5 Pre-defined drill-down reports– Customer– Material– Sales Organization– Shipping Point– SD Documents
Production Information System Standard Analysis
• Product Group
• Material
• Work Center
• Production Resources and Tools
Reporting Tools
• Value display - absolute or percentage
• Top N - top 10, top 100, etc.
• Sorted - ascending or descending
• ABC
• Classification
• Graphics - 2D, 3D
top related