runway safety action in australia

Runway Safety Action in Australia Runway Safety Action in Australia Merv Fowler

National Towers ManagerAirservices Australia

13 September 2005

Merv Fowler

National Towers ManagerAirservices Australia

13 September 2005

Template Last Updated: 3 June 2005

Perth Sweeper runway Incursion – 18 June 2001Perth Sweeper runway Incursion – 18 June 2001

Perth Sweep runway Incursion – 18 June 2001Perth Sweep runway Incursion – 18 June 2001

“An incursion will definitely ruin your day…”

(picture taken through the mirror of a ground vehicle while doing a Rwy Inspection)

Runway Incursions

0102030405060708090

100110120130140150160170180

2002 2003 2004 Jan - Jun2005

No

of

Inc

urs

ion

s

Other

Pilot

ATC

2002 - Total 82 2003 – Total 121

2004 – Total 158 2005 – Total 104 (to June 2005)

Australian Runway IncursionsAustralian Runway Incursions

Runway Incursions (All Attributes)

05

101520253035

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

2002 2003 2004 2005

The Data is derived from:

• 484 runway incursion specific ESIRs

• Results from previous six years to August 2004

• Combined total of 793 causal factors

ESIR Runway Incursion Statistics

ATC Instructions/ Clearances

19%

ATC Actions6%

Pilot, Vehicle and Pedestrian

Actions21%

Decision Making

9%

Manoeuvring Area11%

Aerodrome Access

8% Communications26%

Runway Incursion Type

Crossed31%

Entered42%Lined Up

16%

Landed3%

Departed5%

RWS occupied3%

Communications

Pilot no Comms

6%

Pilot not Listening

29%

Misunderstood30%

Equipment6%

English2% Phraseology

4%

Vehicle not Listening

1%

Vehicle no Comms

9%

Frequency Congestion

5%

Read-back8%

ATC Instructions/Clearances

"Hold Short"45%

"Line up & Wait"1%

Conditional15%

Other14% "Hold"

25%

ATC Actions

Mis-heard2%

Ad-libbing4%

Long Instructions

4%

Confusing Instructions

14%

Not obtaining read-back

12%

RWS Occupied30%

SMC no coord16%

Misidentified Aircraft

6%

Forgot Aircraft2%

Separation Anticipation

10%

Pilot, Vehicle and Pedestrian Actions

Pilot lost52%

Vehicle - HLDG Pt

13%

Pilot - HLDG Pt22%

Vehicle Lost4%

Land wrong RWY8% Dep wrong

RWY1%

Decision Making

ATC Workload13%

Taxi Too Fast19%

Pilot Distracted16%

Pilot Workload3%

Early Solo Pilot15%

Night/IMC Ops3%

Combined ATC Frequencies

11%

Nil ATIS20%

Manoeuvring Area

Parallel/Close proximity

RWYs81%

Non Standard RWY7%Faulty AD

Facilities10%

Complex TWYs2%

Aerodrome Access

Unauthorised Vehicles

8%

Unauthorised Pedestrians

13%

FOD3%Animals

5%

Licensed Pedestrians

23%

Licensed Vehicles

48%

• Combined effort to reduce frequency of runway incursions

• Local− Airports

− ATC

− Pilots

− Airside personnel

− Signage and surveillance

− Vehicle on Aerodrome control frequency

• Airport Infrastructure− Aerodrome Mandatory Instruction Signs (AMIS)

− Aerodrome Information Signs (AIS)

Airport Changes

• Marking, Lighting, Signage and Runway guard lights. • Stop bars• Formal driver training programs• Communications training and assessment• Runway inspections opposite direction to movements• Works in progress

• Adequate dissemination• Signage

• Develop Runway Safety Actions Teams• Hot Spot Maps

Runway Incursion Group (RIG)

• Established in 2003• Monitors all Runway Incursion incident reports to establish

trends• Development of Hotspot maps for all controlled airports

within Australia• Assists airports in the setup of runway safety teams• Assists airports in conducting airfield safety surveys• Development and distribution of feedback forms both

aircrew and airside drivers• Standardisation of ATC Displays

1 incursion occurred on the intersection TWY J and RWY 24/09

1 incursion occurred on the intersection TWY D and RWY 21/03

1 incursion occurred at the intersection TWY B and RWY 11/29

Thi

s T

WY

us

ed to

be

RW

Y 1

1/29

16% of the incursions occurred on the intersection RWY 21 and RWY 24

20% of the incursions occurred on threshold RWY 21

24% of the incursions occurred near RWY 21/03 and RWY 24/06

12% of the incursions occurred at the intersection TWY S and RWY24/09

2 incursions occurred on the intersection TWY D and RWY 24/09

Perth Airport

25 incidents from 01.01.2000 until 31.05.2005

24% of runway incursions were actually cars/workers on/near the runway.

20% of the incursions occurred at the threshold

56% of the incursions occurred at intersections

Runway Safety Teams

• Teams comprise of airport owners, local aviation community, Airservices Australia, and/or service providers

• Established or agreed to be established at all airports that have been surveyed

• Positive outcomes and commitment from airports to improve airport signage and markings

• Agreed to participate in the survey forms

Copies of Tower Strip displays

16R / 34L RUNWAY

 16R / 34L

OCCUPIED

 04 / 22

RUNWAY04 / 22

OCCUPIED

• Runway Safety Survey Form – Template

Survey Form

Survey Forms

• Runway Incursion Survey Template

• ESIR 2005 2988 AS - Sydney• Sydney Runway Incursion Feedback Form

2988 – Completed

• ESIR 2005 0578 AS - Sydney• Sydney Runway Incursion Feedback Form

0578 - Completed

ERSA Hotspot Map (Cairns, QLD)

153DEG 2.3NMCairns

CAUTION!

RWYINCURSIONHOT SPOT

CAUTION!

RWYINCURSIONHOT SPOT

17 March 2005

Interaction with CASA for the development of Generic Runway Safety Posters

Interaction with CASA for the development of Generic Runway Safety Posters

Interaction with CASA for the development of Generic Runway Safety Posters

An accident can happen An accident can happen even to the most experienced…even to the most experienced…

Think about it!Think about it!

Questions?Questions?