running order: power and negotiation in motion
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8/11/2019 Running Order: Power and Negotiation in Motion
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Running Order: Power and Negotiation in Motion
Simon Cook, Department of GeographySupervisor: Professor Peter Adey
Power, Belonging and Citizenship
This poster concerns a type of power that is apparent in the
micro-movements of public spaces and is mediated by and
regulated by bodies. Being in-place evokes questions ofbelonging and citizenship. Recent work by Antonsich (2010) and
Staeheli et al (2012) suggests these concepts are constructeddialogically. This relationship consists of:
• Place-belongingness: a personal, intimate feeling of being at
home in a place.
• Politics of belonging: a discursive resource that constructs,
justifies or resits forms of socio-spatial inclu sion/exclusion.
I wish to apply such understandings to the space of the streetand the everyday encounters between runners and pedestrians
to consider how runners feel about their right to space and howpedestrians accept or reject that.
Some groups and activities have always been excluded from
cities and public spaces; both physically (Fig. 1) and discursively.
By interrogating the interactions between runners and
pedestrians ideas around mobile hierarchies, dominant rights tospace and passage, and mobile belonging will be brought intofocus.
Perspectives on Negotiating Space
There are no conventions for sharing the space of the street and
solutions for passing-by are made on-the-run. From go-alongand video-ethnographic interviews with runners, three
perspectives on how space should be negotiated emerged.
1. Responsible Runners: Being in the minority of street-users
and possessing a greater velocity made it incumbent tosome runners to bear responsibility. Runners learn to be
attuned to the chances of collision and thus are more likely
to be vigilant against such occurrences.
2. Responsible Pedestrians: Others argued that pedestrian’s
relative slowness gifts them an advantage in agility enabling
them to better negotiate passing encounters.
3. Shared Duty: Most participants in the study advanced theview that the task in a shared one, based on mutual respect
rather than attributes and abilities.
Negotiation in Motion
Witnessing the moments of encounter reveals a value-action-gap. Three predominant spatial tactics were employed by
runners to negotiate pedestrians (Figs 2-4) that show varyinguses of the runner’s body and tend to place onus to successfully
negotiate passing encounters on runners almost exclusively.
Runners are the ones who most often have to break theirpassage, change route and disrupt their rhythm.
This indicates that runners forego or are denied their right to
passage. On the street, pedestrians appear to top the mobilehierarchy, performing a primacy to space and right to
movement. Runners are second-class mobile subjects.References:• Antonsich, M. (2010) ‘Searching for Belonging – An Analytical Framework’ Geography Compass, 4(6): pp.644–659• Staeheli, L.A., Ehrkamp, P., Leitner, H. and Nagel, C.R. (2012) ‘Dreaming the ordinary Daily life and the complex
geographies of citizenship’ Progress in Human Geography , 36(5): pp.628–644
Figure 1. Anti-homeless spikes
Figure 2. Picking a side. Runner uses bodily movement to signifyintention and relies on the pedestrian responding a ppropriately
Figure 3. Stepping down. A runner steps off the pavement,choosing to run in the separated space of the carriageway.
Figure 4. Slaloming. The runner weaves their body ar ound otherspace-sharers and objects, forging their own route.
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