rhotic and non-rhotic accents: r-dropping, linking-r, intrusive-r
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Rhotic and non-rhotic accents:R-dropping, Linking-R, Intrusive-R
Can you define the following terms?
Accent
Letter ↔ Sound (change /tʃeɪndʒ/)
Vowel ↔ Consonant
Syllable
Pre-vocalic ↔ Pre-consonantal
R-pronunciation
Accents of English which pronounce the /r/ in all positions, e. g. General American (GA), are
called rhotic accents.
Accents which regularly drop the /r/ in certain positions, e. g. RP, are non-rhotic accents.
Rhotic and non-rhotic accents of English
- non-rhotic accents (such as RP) only pronounce the sound [r] in pre-vocalic position=> car park: [r] sounds are not pronounced=> fairy: [r] is pronounced because of the word final [i] sound
- rhotic accents (such as GA) pronounce the [r] sound everywhere=> parking lot
A pronunciation difference
more
RP /mɔː/ vs. GA /mɔːr/
More and more...
Observe the italicised part of the following sentence:
This lesson is getting more and more funny.
Is there a pronunciation difference between more(1) and more(2)?
What could be the reason?
Linking-R
This lesson is getting more and more funny.more(1): mɔːr more(2): mɔː
=> in RP the sound [r] is only pronounced when a word beginning with a vowel closely follows
Linking-R
Which [r] sounds are pronounced from the following sentence? Why?
President Carter delivered a tiring lecture.
Linking-R
Which [r] sounds are pronounced from the following sentence? Why?
President Carter delivered a tiring lecture.
They saw us running...
Read out the following sentence and observe the pronunciation of the bold words:
They saw us running with the stolen goods in our hands.
They saw us running...
Read out the following sentence and observe the pronunciation of the bold words:
They saw us running with the stolen goods in our hands.
Can you sense an intruder?
Intrusive-RIn RP, words ending in a schwa /-ə/; /ɑː/ or /ɔː/,
when followed by a word beginning with a vowel, may get a linking /r/ even if there is none in the
spelling.This phenomena is optional and must be indicated in transcription by an r in round
brackets.
saw us /sɔː(r) əs/ law and order /lɔː(r)/a spa in France /spɑː(r)/
Intrusive-R
Where can an Intrusive-R appear? Why?
vanilla ice – stay indoors
Intrusive-R
Where can an Intrusive-R appear? Why?
vanilla(r) ice – stay indoors
...and DO the homework
Sources
SLIDES- Balogné Bérces Katalin: Beginner`s English Dialectology: An Introduction to the Accents and Dialects of English. Ad Librum,
Budapest, 2008.
- Nádasdy Ádám: Practice Book in English Phonetics and Phonology. Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest, 2003.
HOMEWORK HANDOUT- Nádasdy (2003: pp. 32-33)
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