respiratory system

Respiratory System• It is a system that consist of organs and

structures used for the process of respiration in an organism• Involved in the intake and exchange of

oxygen and carbon dioxide• Gas exchange• Immunity functions

Nostril• It is the part of the respiratory system in

which the air enters into and exits from the body

Nasal Cavity• A large air-filled space above and behind

the nose in the middle of the face• The air passing the nasal cavity is warmed

within 1 degree of the body temperature• Cilia – removes dusts and pathogens from

the air as it flows through the nasal cavity

Pharynx• It is part of the throat that is behind the

mouth and nasal cavity and above the esophagus and the larynx • A tubular structure that allows the air to

pass through from the nose to the lungs• Nasopharynx – upper portion of the

pharynx that is behind the nose and surrounded by muscles that can continue the respiratory function

Larynx• Commonly known as the “voice box”• Sounds are generated in the larynx; where

pitch and volume are manipulated• Prevention of foreign objects from

entering the lungs by coughing out

Trachea• Also called as the “windpipe”• A cartilaginous tube that connects the

pharynx and the larynx to the lungs• Passageway of air• 10-16 centimeters in length

Bronchi• Airway in the respiratory tract that

conducts air into the lungs• Right Main Bronchus – wider, shorter and

more vertical than the left bronchus. It enters in the right side of the lung• Left Main Bronchus – longer than the right

bronchus. It enters in the left side of the lung

Lungs• Primary organs of respiration in humans • Located in the chest on either side of the

heart in the rib cage• Right Lung – has 3 lobes• Left Lung – has 2 lobes• Its function are breathing, respiration and

protection from infection

Inhalation• Drawing in oxygen into the lungs• It is a vital process in human life• Contraction of muscles in the rib cage; this

causes the expansion of the chest cavity• Contraction of the diaphragm

Exhalation• Flow of the air out of the organism• The main reason of exhalation is to get rid

of the carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of the gas exchange, inside the body