renewing the sectional struggle. popular sovereignty popular sovereignty put in the hands of the...

RENEWING THE SECTIONAL STRUGGLE

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

Popular SovereigntyPut in the hands of the peopleSelf determinationCompromise

Would it spread slavery?

POLITICAL TRIUMPHS - 1848 Whigs = Zachary Taylor“Hero of Buena Vista”LouisianaDid not take a stand on slavery

Democrats = Lewis CassVeteranPompousGeneral “Gass”

Free Soil PartyFor Wilmont ProvisoVan Buren

Taylor wins163 to 127

“CALIFORNY GOLD”

Sutter’s Mill = 1848

Gold fever

“Forty Niners”

Lawless men = Virtueless Women

Outburst of Crime

1849Drafted ConstitutionApplied for Admission

UNDERGROUND R.R. Created a network of people System of escape routes

Secret tunnels, false cupboards Provided food and clothing Escorted to the next station

Traveled on foot = NightThe North Star

Went without food for days at a time

CONT. Harriet TubmanMaryland

Owner died --- Made a break for freedom

Conductor

19 trips

Helped 300 slaves Including parents

FIGHTING FOR TERRITORY 15/15

Admission of California would destroy the balance in the Senate

New Mexico / Utah = Non-slave states

Texas42nd Parallel½ territory of New MexicoDetach part of Texas

District of ColumbiaAbolition of slavery

SENATORIAL GIANTS Clay (Tennessee) = Compromise

Calhoun (S.C.) = Save the South

Webster (M.A.) = Compromise / Concession 7th of March Speech

South threatens to secede

Henry Clay ---Worked on a compromise California = free state New / more effective fugitive slave laws Popular Sovereignty

New Mexico and Utah

Senate rejected proposal

Taylor = Veto William Seward

COMPROMISE OF 1850

Clay withdrew from the fight

Stephen A. Douglas Tried to push bills through individually

President Taylor dies

Millard Fillmore --- New President Supported Compromise

Compromise of 1850 Became law 7 months later

BALANCING THE SCALES

Fugitive Slave Act“Bloodhound Bill”No trial by juryAnyone caught helping a slave would be fined and jailed$1,000Up to 6 months

North resisted --- “Vigilante Committees”Massachusetts = nullification

DEFEAT/DOOM FOR THE WHIGS

1852Democrats = Franklin PierceWhigs = Winfield Scott

Pierce wins254 to 42

End of Whig party

EXPANSION

Clayton –Bulwer TreatyIsthmian waterway

Nicaragua = William Walker

Cuba = Spain Polk $100 million Steamer – Black Warrior

Ostend Manifesto

GADSDEN PURCHASE James GadsdenSouth Carolina Railroad manMinister to MexicoTreaty in 1853Gadsden Purchase $10 million

CONGRESS LEGISLATES A CIVIL WAR

Kansas and Nebraska = North of the Missouri Compromise Closed to slavery

January 1854 Douglas introduced a new bill

Divide area into two territories Nebraska - North Kansas - South

Establish Popular Sovereignty for each territory

Became law --- The Kansas-Nebraska Act