renaissance english
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R
enaissance a cultural movement that lasted from the 14th to the 17th century
the intellectual transformation from the Middle Ages to the
Early Modern Ages (1100-1800)
the study of five humanities: poetry, grammar, history, moralphilosophy, and rhetoric
As a cultural movement, it encompassed a resurgence of learning based on classical sources
the linguistic shifts in English following the Norman invasionproduced what is now referred to as Middle English (1500-1800)
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Renaissance started in 1960 according toCrystal
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Evolution of Words
Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonumsi þin nama gehalgod tobecume þin rice gewurþe þin
willa on eorðan swa swa on heofonumurne gedæghwamlican hlaf syle us to dægand forgyf us ure gyltas swa swa we forgyfað urumgyltendum
and ne gelæd þu us on costnunge ac alys us of yfelesoþlice.
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Oure fadir þat art in heuenes halwid be þiname;þi reume or kyngdom come to be. Be þi wille
don in herþe as it is doun in heuene.
yeue to us today oure eche dayes bred.And foryeue to us oure dettis þat is oure
synnys as we foryeuen to oure dettouris þat
is to men þat han synned in us.And lede us not into temptacion but
delyuere us from euyl.
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Our father which art in heauen, hallowedbe thy name.Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in
earth as it is in heauen.
Giue us this day our daily bread.And forgiue us our debts as we forgiue our
debters.
And lead us not into temptation, butdeliuer us from euill. Amen.
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Old English (c. 1000)
Middle English (Wyclif, 1384)
Early Modern English (KingJames Version, 1611)
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English RenaissanceElizabethan era marked the beginning of the EnglishRenaissance with the work of writers William Shakespeare,Christopher Marlowe, Edmund Spenser, Sir Thomas More,Francis Bacon, Sir Philip Sidney, John Milton
This period is often mistaken as "the age of Shakespeare" or"the Elizabethan era"
revival of classical scholarship brought many classical Latin
and Greek words into English
Shakespeare's character Holofernes in Loves Labor Lost is asatire of an overenthusiastic schoolmaster who is too fond of
Latinisms.
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Borrowings (inkhorn terms) were deliberate but Puristsopposed
Latin, Greek, French, German, Arabic, Hindi (from India),Italian, Malay, Dutch, Farsi (from Iran and Afghanistan),
Nahuatl (the Aztec language), Sanskrit (from ancient India),Portuguese, Spanish, Tupi (from South America) and Ewe (from
Africa
Many words came from Latin and Italian via French
Newcomers to Shakespeare are often shocked at the number
of cliches contained in his plays, until they realize that hecoined them and they became cliches afterwards. "One fellswoop," "vanish into thin air," and "flesh and blood" are all
Shakespeare's. Words he bequeathed to the language include
"critical," "leapfrog," "majestic," "dwindle," and "pedant."
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English was inappropriate for new learnings. Latin or
Greek was the language of most scholars especially intheology or medicine.
Even with all these borrowings the heart of the
language remains the Anglo-Saxon of Old English.
2 major factors that separated the Middle English andModern English:
1.)Great Vowel Shift
2.) Advent of the printing press
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Deruncinated Words
Demit (send away) was replaced bydismiss
Disadorn andDisaccustom was replaced with disagree
New FormationEndear, forname, uncivilized (PREFIXATION)
Considerable, gloomy, laughable (SUFFIXATION)
Chap-fallen, pincushion, heaven-sent (COMPUONDING)
Invite, laugh, gossip, season (CONVERSION-noun from
verb, verb from noun)
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Renaissance System
Thou/Thee-used by and used to speak with people of higherrank in the society
-poetic style
-intimacy or affection-anger and contempt
You
-formality-politeness
-distance
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BibliographyCrystal, D. 1995. The Cambridge University Encyclopediaof the English Language. UK: Cambridge University Press
http://library.thinkquest.org/15413/history/history-ren-voc.htm
http://www.studyenglishtoday.net/english-language-history.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Renaissance
http://www.krysstal.com/english.html
http://www.anglik.net/englishlanguagehistory.htm
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