renaissance and reformation the renaissance (chapter 12-section 1) (pages 398-403)

Renaissance and Renaissance and ReformationReformation

Renaissance and Renaissance and ReformationReformation

The RenaissanceThe Renaissance(Chapter 12-Section 1)(Chapter 12-Section 1)

(pages 398-403)(pages 398-403)

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What was the Renaissance?

•Renaissance meant “rebirth”•Renaissance significa

“renacimiento”

What was the Renaissance?

• It was a revival of the ancient Greek and Roman worlds.

•Era un renacimiento del antiguo mundo de los griegos y de los romanos.

What was the Renaissance?

• A secular viewpoint which created the enjoyment of material things

• Un punto de vista secular, que creó el disfrute de las cosas materiales

What was the Renaissance?

• An age of recovery from the plague, political instability, and decline of church power

• Una época de recuperación de la peste, la inestabilidad política, la disminución del

poder de la iglesia

What was the Renaissance?

• Believed in individual ability – the new social ideal

• Creía en la capacidad individual - el nuevo ideal social

“men can do all things if they will” (Leon Batista Alberti)

What was the Renaissance?

• Art reflected religious and secular themes, the human body, and classical antiquity

• El arte refleja los temas religiosos y seculares, el cuerpo humano, y la antigüedad clásica

Italian States

•Milan•Florence•Venice

Italian States - Milan

• Trade route for coastal cities to Alpine passes

• Ruta comercial de las ciudades costeras de los pasos alpinos

Italian States - Milan

• Ruled by the Visconti family until 1447

• Gobernado por la familia Visconti hasta el 1447

Italian States - Milan

• Francesco Sforza conquered Milan and became the new duke

• Francesco Sforza conquistó Milán y se convirtió en el nuevo duque

Italian States - Milan

• Built a strong centralized state

• Se construyó un fuerte estado centralizado

• Efficient tax system created large revenues

• Eficiente sistema fiscal creado grandes ingresos

Italian States - Venice

• rich, in the north

• rico, en el norte

• linked Asia and western Europe

• conectaba Asia y Europa occidental

Italian States - Venice

• In theory – a republic with an elected doge

• En teoría - una república con un elegido dux

do" - pronounced doe, as in "doe a deer a female deer""ge" - pronounced softly like the French word je as in "je suis" or gelatine/gelagnite

Italian States - Venice

• In reality – ruled by elite, wealthy, merchant aristocrats

• En realidad - gobernado por élites, ricos, aristócratas comerciante

Italian States - Venice

• Trade made them an international power

• Comercio hizo un poder internacional

Italian States - Florence

• Ruled by small, wealthy group of merchants

• Gobernado por un grupo pequeño, rico de comerciantes.

Italian States - Florence

• 1434 – Cosimo de’Medici took control – family ruled until late 1400s.

• 1434 - Cosimo de' Medici tomó el control - familia gobernada hasta último 1400s.

Italian States - Florence

• Florence began to experience an economic decline; people tired of the Medicis

• Florencia comenzó a experimentar una declinación económica; la gente se cansó del Medicis

Italian States - Florence

• Girolamo Savonarola, Dominican preacher, condemned Medici family & gained many supporters

• Girolamo Savonarola, predicador dominicano, condenó la familia de Medici y ganó muchos partidarios

Italian States - Florence

• The Medici family lost some of their control.

• La familia de Medici perdió algo de su control.

Italian States - Florence

• Girolamo Savonarola, angered the Church and died a heretic in 1498

• Girolamo Savonarola, encolerizado la iglesia y muerto un heretic en 1498

Italian States - Florence

•The Medici family came back to power - briefly.

•La familia de Medici se volvió al poder- brevemente

Italian Wars

•France•Spain•Italy

Italian Wars• Pope Innocent VIII

offered Naples to Charles, who had a vague claim through his paternal grandmother, Marie of Anjou

• Papa Innocent VIII ofreció Nápoles a Charles, que tenía una demanda vaga a través de su abuela paternal, Marie de Anjou

Italian Wars• Northern Italian states

asked Charles I of Spain for help

• Los estados italianos norteños pidieron a Charles I de España para su ayuda

• resulted in a 30-50 year war• dado lugar a una guerra de

30-50 años

Italian Wars• 1527-unpaid soldiers and

mercenaries sacked Rome; ended Italian war and left Spain as a dominant force in Italy

• 1527 soldados y mercenarios sin pagar destruyó a Roma; terminó la guerra en Italia y España se

hizo una fuerza dominante en Italia

Renaissance Society

•Nobility•Peasants/Townspeople•Family/Marriage

Renaissance Society-Nobility

• 2-3% of the population• 2-3% de la población• held important political posts• ocupaban los postes políticos

importantes• Advisers to the king• Consejeros al rey

Renaissance Society-Nobility

The Book of the Courtier -- Baldassare Castiglione•noble was born, not made•el noble nació, no fue hecho

Renaissance Society-Nobility

The Book of the Courtier -- Baldassare Castiglione •Noble had to be a warrior,

but knowledgeable in the classics

•Tuvo que ser un guerrero, pero bien informados en las obras clásicas

Renaissance Society-Nobility

The Book of the Courtier -- Baldassare Castiglione•Noble had to follow a certain

standard of conduct

•El noble tuvo que seguir cierto estándar de la conducta

Renaissance Society-Peasants

•85-90% of the population•85-90% de la población

Renaissance Society-Peasants• Peasants became legally free from

the feudal system, but made up a large percentage of the poor urban population

• Los campesinos hicieron legalmente libres del sistema feudal, pero compusieron un

porcentaje grande de la población urbana pobre

Renaissance Society-Townspeople

•30-40% of urban population•Tiered society:

– Patricians-trade, industry, banking

– Burghers-shopkeepers, artisans, guild masters, guild members

– Workers and unemployed

Renaissance Society-Family

•Arranged marriages by age of 3 – strengthened business and family ties

•Uniones dispuestas por la edad de 3 - lazos consolidados del negocio y de la familia

Renaissance Society-Family

•Father-husband was at the center•el Padre-marido estaba en el centro•Controlled finances, wife did not share•Decisions affected all aspects of children’s life•Children became adults when father went before a judge to free them