recycling ppt
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PRESENTED BY,
P.PRASANTH B.E
RECYCLING
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INTRODUCTION
Convert (waste) into reusable material.
Return (material) to previous stage in cyclic process.
Processing used material into new product.
Reduce energy usage ,reduce air & water pollution, lower emission of green house gases.
Recyclable material :-glass, paper ,metal and electronics.
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Recycling :-creating original products again.eg:-office paper to office paper.
Not cost effective hence reusing is predominantly made.
Getting salvage :-certain material with intrinsic value are extracted.
eg :- lead – car battery ,gold from computers.
3
HISTORY
Recorded in 400 B.C. by Plato.
Archeological study stated scarce availability of raw materials made them reuse it.
Europe :Pre industrial times:-evidence and bronze being reused.
Britain :- dust and ash collected from coal burning was used as base material for brick making.
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ESSENTIAL OF RECYCLING
Continuous supply of recyclables.
Legislative options available:-
Mandatory recycling collection.
Container deposit legislation.
Refusal bans.
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GOVERNMENT MANDATED DEMAND FOR COMPANIES
Forced to include recycling in their operation.
Minimum recycling content mandates .
Utilization rates.
Recycled product labeling.
6
PROCESS
Collection.
Drop off centers.
Buy back centers.
Curbside collection.
Sorting.
cleaned ,reprocessed into new materials.
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COMMON RECYCLABLES
CONCRETE AGGREGATE.
put in crushing machine with asphalt , brick, dirt and rocks.
Used as gravel for new construction.
If free of contaminants even used for new concrete creation
8
BATTERIES
Ordinary batteries:-
Since toxic content available was hard to handle.
Lead acid batteries:-
recycling rate 90%.
Contain 80% of recycled materials.
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BIODEGRADABLE WASTE
Recycled by breaking down waste material by aerobic bacteria.
Can be done in house hold scale also.
Municipal house collection programs.
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ELECTRONIC DISASSEMBLY AND RECLAMATION.
Direct disposal banned due to toxic contents availability.
metals plastic circuit boards separated, component recycling made in cost effective manner.
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FERROUS METALS AND NON FERROUS METALS
Steel :-
Any grade was recycled into top quality new model .
42% of the crude steel is from recycled material.
Aluminum:-
most efficient and widely-recycled material
Recycling aluminium saves 95% of the energy cost of processing new aluminium.
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GLASS RECYCLING
Sorted to colour categories.
Recycled indefinitely as its structure does not deteriotate.
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PAPER
Recycled by combining it with new pulp.
Quality decreases with each time.
Paper coated with plastic, aluminium foil ,wax are not recyclable .pasted or gummed paper not recyclable.
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PLASTIC
Recycling tough.
Sorted according to codes.
Should be done manually .
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WATER
About 70% of earths surface is water.
Mostly of ocean only 3% is fresh water.
Ground water contaminated from pollutants.
Mostly because of inadequately treated industrial effluents.
Agro chemical pesticides entered into underground water.
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Environmental effects of recycling
Material Energy Savings Air Pollution Savings
Aluminium 95% 95%
Cardboard 24% —
Glass 5-30% 20%
Paper 40% 73%
Plastics 70% —
Steel 60% —
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PRODUCTS MADE FROM WASTE MATERIALS
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CONCLUSION
Technical university of Denmark.
83% of cases recycling is most efficient way of
disposal of house hold wastes.
Without recycling.
Zinc would run out in 2037.
Indium and hafnium would run out in 2017
Terbium gone before 2012
Reduce carbon emission by 90%.
Saves energy ,Saves money ,saves trees.
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REFERENCE
http://www.greenstudentu.com/encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Recycling
http://www.obviously.com/recycle/guides/shortest.html
http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in
http://www.north-herts.gov.uk/where_does_the_recycling_go__.htm#
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THANK YOU
“ONCE YOU HAVE
DISCOVERED WHAT IS
HAPPENING .YOU CAN’T
PRETEND NOT TO
KNOW ,YOU
CAN’T
ABDICATE RESPONSIBILITY
”P. D. JAMES.
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