rebuilding the new orleans region: infrastructure systems and technology innovation forum
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Rebuilding the New Orleans Region:Infrastructure Systems and Technology Innovation Forum
Bernard L. Malone IIITechnical Manager Wireless NetworksContributor to The President’s NSTAC ECITF Task ForcePrivate Sector Advisor – U.S. State Department Delegation OASANSI & IEEE Panel PresenterWork of the Bell Labs Network Reliability & Security Office
September 26, 2006
Perspectives from Critical Industry-Government Fora Wireless Emergency Response Team
(WERT) - saving lives
FCC Mandates for Outage Reporting - collaborative industry analysis
FCC Network Reliability & Interoperability Council (NRIC) - Best Practices
IEEE Technical Committee on Communications Quality & Reliability (CQR) - insights
The President’s National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC) - priorities
www.nric.org
www.atis.org
www.wert-help.org
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
C Q Rwww.comsoc.org/~cqr
www.ncs.gov
Preface to A Fundamental Lesson of 9-11
“Terrorism depends on surprise.”
“Failure of imagination.”
[Emphasis Added] National Strategy for Homeland Security, Office of Homeland Security, July 2002, Executive Summary, pages viii.[Emphasis Added] 9/11 Commission Report. 2004. pages 336-339.
Do you want to be responsible for this??
Some Definitions
Vulnerability- A characteristic of any aspect of the communications infrastructure that renders it, or some portion of it, susceptible to damage or compromise
Threat- Anything with the potential to damage or compromise the communications infrastructure or some portion of it
FCC NRIC VI Homeland Security Physical Security Final Report, December 2003.
Some Characteristics of Ts and Vs
Vulnerabilities (intrinsic) finite fixed and well known only way threats can impact
Threats ~ infinite in number knowledge value is fleeting each has permutations
FCC NRIC VI Homeland Security Physical Security Final Report, December 2003.
A Fundamental Lesson of 9-11
. . . is the need to identify and address vulnerabilities – independent of threat knowledge
• Does NOT mean that you abandon threat and risk analysis
• It means you MUST supplement it, balance it, integrate
. . . this means more science and engineering competencies are needed
8 Ingredients of Communications Infrastructure
HardwareHardwareSoftwareSoftware
EnvironmentEnvironmentPayloadPayload
NetworksNetworks PolicyPolicyHumanHumanPowerPower
CCOMMUNICATIONSOMMUNICATIONS I INFRASTRUCTURENFRASTRUCTURE
TRANSPORTATION ENERGY
FINANCIAL
PUBLIC HEALTH
LAW ENFORCEMENT
Other InfrastructuresOther Infrastructures
. . . Example of Intrinsic VulnerabilitiesHardware
The President’s National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC) Next Generation Networks
(NGN) Task Force Report, March, 2006
Integrated V-T-BP FrameworkTwo approaches can be integrated
Vuln
erab
ilitie
sVu
lner
abili
ties
ThreatsThreats
EnvironmentEnvironmentaccessibleidentifiablephysical damage
HardwareHardwarevibration / shocktemperature extremeselectromagnetic radiation
PolicyPolicyforeign national ownership
elec
trom
agne
tic
wea
pons
ther
mal
nuc
lear
w
ar
hija
ckin
g of
a
netw
ork
X-111X-999
X-555
X-123X-789
Best PracticesBest Practices that
a) address VulnerabilitiesVulnerabilities
b) address ThreatsThreats
by preventing the exercise of vulnerabilities, and/or mitigating the impact should a vulnerability be exercised
X-222
The Network Reliability Steering Committee's mission is to analyze the industry's major network outages in order to: identify trends make recommendations aimed at improving network reliability make the results publicly available
. . . in order to help ensure a continued high level of reliability of the nation’s public networks.
www.atis.org
Network Reliability Steering Committee Mission
2004 Annual Report
www.atis.org
Network Reliability Steering CommitteeOutage Deep Dive Analysis
NRIC History & Focus
20051992
NRC I NRC II NRIC III NRIC IV NRIC V NRIC VI
Homeland Security
Packet SwitchingY2KInteroperability
(Telecom Act of ’96)Reliability
NRIC VII
Emergency Services
Historic Analogy
Systematic Vulnerability Assessment
Best Practice
Development
NRIC Best Practices - Overview Most authoritative guidance in the world for communications
industry – network reliability, network security, physical security, disaster recovery
Offer what no one company’s SMEs can offer Intended to be implemented voluntarily NRIC VII includes a focus on reliability of Wireless Networks ~800 Best Practices:
Network Reliability
Physical Security
Cyber Security
Disaster Recovery
Public Safety
Throughout LifecycleThroughout Lifecycle
PlanningPlanning
& Design& Design
Provisioning& Installation
Operation & Administration
Repair &Decommission
All ElementsAll Elements
HardwareHardwareSoftwareSoftware
EnvironmentEnvironmentPayloadPayload
NetworksNetworks PolicyPolicyHumanHumanPowerPower
HardwareHardwareSoftwareSoftware
EnvironmentEnvironmentPayloadPayload
NetworksNetworks PolicyPolicyHumanHumanPowerPower
CCOMMUNICATIONSOMMUNICATIONS IINFRASTRUCTURENFRASTRUCTURE
VP VP VP
C E O
ThroughoutThroughoutOrganization Organization Functions & Functions &
LevelsLevels
Across Network Across Network TypesTypes
User-Friendly Access User-Friendly Access with Keywordswith Keywords
Wide Applicability
Best Practices, Standards or Regulations ? Regulations
– legal process; technical expertise may be compromised– speed: S L O W t o a d j u s t– posture: mandated behavior
Standards
– competitive process; influence of strongest competitor wins– speed: M E D I U M t o a d j u s t– posture: ranges from voluntary to mandated
Best Practices
– expert process; expertise and experience are trump – speed: FAST to adjust– posture: implementation is voluntary
K. F. Rauscher
November 2004
C Q R C Q R C Q R
IEEECOMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY
3 Options to Avoid Communications Service Outages
timetime
Commercial Power Outage Duration
Com
mun
icat
ions
Net
wor
k B
ack-
Up
Pow
er C
apab
ility
Minimal
Calibrated
Infinite
Power
Restoration
Enhanced
Calibrated
Example of Proactive Posture in Addressing Emergency Power Gap
K. F. Rauscher
November 2004
C Q R C Q R C Q R
IEEECOMMUNICATIONS SOCIETY
The Wagon Wheel
water transportation
government
natio
nal m
on.
finan
ce
manufa
cturin
g
first responders
health care
ENERGY COMMUNICATIONS
E & C
C Q RC Q RC Q RC Q R
WERT Mission
1. Lead advanced wireless expertise, technology and infrastructure support for Search & Rescue operations in national crises
2. Conduct focused research and report key learnings to industry, government and the public
3. Provide emergency guidance for 911 centers, law enforcement, wireless service providers and family members
From time to time, WERT may also use its unique wireless capabilities and expertise to address other critical needs of society.
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
WERT – Pictures form Ground Zero Search and Rescue
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
Hurricane Katrina WERT Activation
Bell Labs Personnel deployed to New Orleans with the BSR six days after Katrina BSR mounted on USCG Helicopter for SAR Operations Unique stand-alone network established over the city Over 50 GSM cell phones identified and contacted Coast Guard observers say: “BSR could be a critical tool in Search and Rescue”
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
9/11 WERT Participants include . . .AG Communications Systems
American TowerArch Wireless
Argonne National LaboratoryAT&T
AT&T WirelessBellSouth
CTIACingular WirelessEDO Corporation
EricssonFBIFCC
IEEE CQR Lucent Technologies Bell Labs
Spectrasite Communications Sprint PCSState of NJ
Telcordia TechnologiesT-Mobile
Triton PCSTruePosition
Union CellularU.S. Department of EnergyU.S. Marshals Service, ESU
U.S. Secret ServiceUTstarcom
VerizonVerizon Wireless
Wheat International
Metrocall
Motorola
NCS / NCC
NRSC
NRIC
Nextel
NYPD
NYC Mayor’s Office
Nortel Networks
Pennsylvania State Police
PCIA
Qualcomm
Qwest Wireless
SkyTel
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
Katrina/Rita WERT Participants include . . .
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
Argonne National Labratory
AT&T
BellSouth
Cingular
Congressman Ed Royce
CTIA
Dept Homeland Security
Ericsson
FCC
FEMA
Louisiana Public Svc. Comm.
Louisiana Parish Govts.
Louisiana State Police
Lucent Technologies
MCI
Motorola
NCS/NCC
NRSC
NRIC
Nortel Networks
Qualcomm
Sprint/Nextel
T-Mobile
Telcordia Technologies
TruePosition
University of Texas
U.S. Coast Guard
U.S. Department of Energy
U.S. Department of Justice
U.S. Marshals Service
U.S. Northern Command
Verizon
Verizon Wireless
WERT Vision
Connect the best minds and resources
of the wireless industry
to the most vital needs of its subscribers.
WWIRELESS IRELESS EEMERGENCY MERGENCY RRESPONSE ESPONSE TTEAMEAM
“Take Away’s” A Fundamental Lesson of 9-11 is the need to identify and address vulnerabilities – independent of threat knowledge
An optimum balance of core competencies requires more integration of the science and engineering disciplines into rebuilding planning, investments and policies
The private sector is very motivated from business and/or human interest reasons
– Expertise– Flexibility– Speed– Innovation
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