real property course 2011 osgoode.ppt
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Real Property LawKen West, LL.M., Course Director
Osgoode-IPTI Expert Evidence Certificate
Osgoode Hall P.D., Toronto
October 31, 2011
The Nature of Property
Two main distinctions:
• Real Property
Land
• Personal Property (Chattels)
Things other than land
Historical Notes
• Civil procedure in the middle ages
Real Actions
› Land or the res
Actions for damages
› Unimportance of chattels in medieval mindset
› No return of property only damages
• Realty vs. Personalty
Permanence of land/fixed and finite commodity
• In rem vs. In personam
In rem, is a right against the world at large
In personam is a right against an individual
Real Property
• Corporeal Hereditaments
Interests being capable of being held in possession
› Essentially freehold status
• Incorporeal Hereditaments
Non-possessory in nature
› Easements
› Profits a prendre
› Restrictive covenants
The Function of ModernProperty Law
• Historical Notes
• Utility in a Modern World
The Institution in Context
• Estates and Tenure
Physical Dimensions of Ownership
• Cujus est Solum ejus est usque ad coelum
et ad infernos
Air Rights
Bay-Adelaide Decision
Subsurface Rights
Riparian Rights
Estates
• Fee Simple
• Encumbrances
• Leases (Landlord and Tenant)
• Licenses
Servitudes• Easements
Incorporeal hereditament
A property interest that allows an individual to use a portion of another s land
Recorded on title Four elements are necessary to create a valid easement
1) There must be a dominant tenement and a servient
tenement 2) The easement must accommodate the dominant land
3) The dominant and servient tenements must be held by
the same person 4) The easement must be capable of being the subject
matter of a grant
• Covenants
• Rights of Way
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