rail car 101. objective upon the completion of this module, participants will be able to describe...
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Rail Car 101
Objective
• Upon the completion of this module, participants will be able to describe rail transport of hazardous materials, focusing on denatured fuel ethanol.
General Railroad Statistics
• Hundreds of operating railroads in the U.S. • Tens of millions of railcar shipments each year• Over a hundred thousand miles of track in U.S.• Over a million railcars in service • Over a hundred thousand employees
Railroad Statistics for Hazmat
• Over a million loads of hazardous materials are shipped via rail
• Ethanol is over a quarter of total number of hazmat shipments
• About three-quarters of the transportation of ethanol is conducted via rail
• Ethanol is over one percent of all railroad shipments
Initial Noticeable Characteristics
http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/staticfiles/PHMSA/DownloadableFiles/Files/Hazmat/ERG2012.pdf
Tank Car Body Stencil
Tank Car End Stencil
Bottom Outlet Stencil
Placard Example
Key characteristics:•Placard color
•Hazard class
•UN number
Ethanol PlacardingEthanol
ConcentrationPreferred Proper Shipping Name
E1 to E10Gasohol, UN 1203 or
Gasoline, UN 1203
E11 to E94 Ethanol and Gasoline mixture, UN 3475
E95 to E99Denatured Alcohol, NA 1987 or
Alcohols n.o.s., UN 1987
E100Ethanol, UN 1170 or
Ethyl Alcohol, UN 1170
Brakes
• Hand– Holds the car in place
– Prevents the tank car from moving and possibly causing further damage at incident site or harm to a responder
• Air– If there is an incident, potential for a rapid release
of air causing the hose and fittings to strike a responder
Hand Brake
Air Brake
Brake Cylinder
Double-Shelf Couplers
Coupler
Tank Car Wheels Separated from Tank Car
Valves
Vacuum Relief
Top Operated Bottom Outlet Valve
Bottom Outlet Valve
Butterfly
Manway
Top Ethanol NAR Causes/Issues
• Manway– Loose bolts
– Gasket deteriorated/wrong type
– Gasket misaligned
– Gasket missing
• Bottom outlet valve– Cap loose – Valve open
– Cap loose – Valve closed
Manway – Without Bolts
Manway – Loose Bolts
Additional Resources
• Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA)– www.phmsa.dot.gov
• Federal Railway Administration (FRA)– www.fra.dot.gov
• Association of American Rail Roads (AAR)– www.aar.org
• Non-Accident Release Reduction Program (NAR)– www.nar.aar.com
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