r-know project amman 18 april 2014 “knowledge sub-network on water, energy and food nexus”
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R-KNOW ProjectAmman
18 April 2014
“Knowledge Sub-Network on Water, Energy and Food Nexus ” (WEF Nexus)
Egypt
SEARCH project is funded by the EU
sub-network: to increase, share and disseminate Knowledge on “Water, Energy and Food Security (WEF) Nexus” perspectives and approaches; and Illustrating through case studies
Problem Definition
Climate change exerted extra pressures on natural resources, and increased competition in demands of three sectors
Sectors are traditionally managed in a centralized manner, with minimal coordination with other sectors
Renaissance Dam in Ethiopia
Vast Development in the region, requires water and energy as main factors and inputs
With continuing population growth, rising incomes and urbanization, food demand will roughly double in the next fifty years
Objectives
• Sharing and developing knowledge among relevant stakeholders
• Innovating new models that address resource challenges through new technologies and efficiency gains
Water in the Arab Region• The region lies in the most arid area on earth and 70% of
its land is dry• more than 70% of the water resources originate outside
the Arab region• The average per capita share of water is approaching 500
m3/capita/year which is half the water poverty limit• surface water is insufficient to meet the escalating needs
this has driven many countries to rely on other resources to fulfill their needs utilizing non-renewable groundwater, wastewater reuse, treated sewage water, and desalination
Food Security• Agriculture is the largest user of water resources in the
Arab region; it utilizes around 85% of water whereas the world average percentage of water use in agriculture is 70%.
• With continuing population growth, rising incomes and urbanization, food demand will roughly double in the next fifty years
• Food security (i)food availability; (ii) food access; (iii) food utilization; and (iv) food stability. Food stability refers to the regular availability and affordability of food, so that it contributes to the nutritional security
Commodity Water needed to produce (liters)
1 hamburger
2400
1 glass of milk
200
1 egg
135
1 apple
70
1 slice of bread
40
1 potato
25
Water for Food
Source: FAOWATER
Vulnerability to Food Security in Egypt
Highest
Lowest
High
low
medium
Energy in the Arab Region
• Sixty million Arab people are without access to modern energy services mainly electricity
• Arab region is well endowed with clean, renewable sources of energy, primarily solar and wind
• Efficiency measures can also save up to half of the energy currently used, while maintaining the same production levels
Energy for Water for Food
Pivot Irrigation in Azraq
Pump station in Toshka
Energy for Water
كهربائية قدرة إلى المحطة 250تحتاجقدره للمياه بتصرف للضخ ميجاوات
م 25ث/ )3م 300 (3مليون يوم/
Water for Energy
Renewable Energy
Source: Bonn conference, 2011
Nexus Approach
• The approach integrates management and governance across sectors and scales, with the goal of achieving water security, sustainable energy and food security to reduce hunger, enhance basic services and improve livelihoods.
• It is about Governance within the three sectors and relevant ones. It entails collaboration and coordination amongst sectors with a holistic vision and integrated planning.
• This allows decision makers to develop the right strategies and plans that contribute to the achievement of sustainable development, and minimize the period for the payback of investments.
• It can be achieved by better management of natural resources and ecosystems; i.e. integrated water resources management, land resources management and a shift towards resource use efficiency. More investments in the production of renewable energy is needed. Sustainable agricultural practices are to be adopted.
• Awareness raising and information sharing are basic for the behavior changes towards better and more sustainable practices.
• Participation of stakeholders and local communities in the planning processes is fundamental in the nexus approach.
• Integrated planning and collective work. • Legislative and institutional frameworks to enable the environment for
collaboration amongst relevant institutions for coordinated decision making.
Planning forWater, Energy
and Food Security
Nexus Vision
Assessment
Planning
Implementing
Reflecting
Strategies
Develop Initial Vision
Stakeholder Analysis
Problem Analysis
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Water Energy and
Food Studies
Primary Scenario
Detailed Strategy
Finalize vision
Test Strategies and Vision Scenario
Select Activities
Define Actors Role
Analyze Cost and Impact
Finalize Plans
Implement Most
Feasible Plans
Rank Plans
Feedback
Documentation
M&E
Systemic Approach to WEF Nexus
HencePolicy coherence
Integrated management
Resource efficiency
Produce more with less
State Actors• The National governments • Local authorities and utilities
Non-State Actors• Business and the private sector• Civil society (communities, NGOs, media)• Farming community • Research organizations
International Community and Funding Organizations
Formulation of the Advisory Committee
The key stakeholders:• Ministry of Water Resources
• Ministry of Agriculture
• Ministry of Environment
• Renewable Energy
• International organizations
The sectors of the stakeholders
• Users of Knowledge Management systems (& Information/Data)
• National Institutions and Decision Makers– Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation– Ministry of Agriculture– Ministry of Environment– New and renewable energy authority
• Regional & International organizations
• Research & Academia
Other Stakeholders
• Water users associations• NGOs• Related NGOs (CEDARE, CARE, CEOSS,..)• Donors( UN, …….).
Stakeholders categorization.
Governorate level
National Level
Farmers
Agriculture department
Governorate Central Department of water resources and irrigation
Water users associations
Community organizations
Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation
New and renewable energy authority
Ministry of Energy
Ministry of Environment
Relevant NGOs
Donors
Water Governance
Water, Food and Energy
Sustainable Water
Technologies
Water and Climate Change
29 3 3 6
The number of projects under the four themes
Projects Information Sheet
A summary sheet of each project was
prepared, while these projects are
classified according to the thematic
Areas.
Criteria for selection of Case Studies
• Water conservation• Food Security contribution• Renewable energy • Balance between energy, water and food security• Participatory approaches
دراسية كحاالت مقترحة مشروعات
الشمسية مشروع • بالطاقة يعمل بمنطقة زراعىمساحة القطارة، شرق بجنوب فدان 4الم=غرة آالف
زراعتها بأشجار تمت الرى بنظام الجوجوباكاملةوالفيكس بالتنقيط النخيل زراعات جانب إلى ،
مثل البيئية الحقلية والمحاصيل والرمان والزيتونوالذرة، والفاصوليا والبسلة البلدى والفول البصل
. الجوجوبا نبات على محملة وجميعها
Case study- Jordan: Jordan implement a project that had the support of KfW (German development bank). The project takes sewage water from the area of Irbid and Northern Jordan and it treats it in three plants. The water then flows to the Jordan valley, where it irrigates fields; which increases the availability of drinking water. This project also prevents pollution as the sewage water is treated, it can also develop hydroelectricity as the water is taken to the Jordan Valley; and as the treated water is phosphorous and nitrogen rich it reduces the Jordanian farmers’ need for fertilizers.
THANK YOU
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