qos sig presentation qos issues for rural communication
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QoS SIG PresentationQoS Issues for Rural Communication
© Copyright 2010 GISFI. All Rights Reserved.
Dr. Parag Pruthi NIKSUNDr. Ashutosh Dutta NIKSUNSoma Bandyopadhyay TCS
Date: September 16, 2010
�Parag Pruthi (NIKSUN)�Ashutosh Dutta (NIKSUN)�Soma Bandyopadhyay (TCS)�….
QoS SIG Contributors
Slide 2© GISFI
�QoE => Perceived Quality of Service�Network Metrics
�Bit rate, delay, jitter, packet loss rate�Power consumption
�Application Metrics�Call setup delay
QoE Metrics
�Call setup delay�Failed calls, dropped calls, retransmission�MOS (Mean Opinion Score)
�Several standards groups …� ITU-T SG12� ITU X.902 (IP Telephony)� IETF – IPPM, DIFFSERV� 3GPP – 3GPP TS 32.409 (IMS performance)
Slide 3© GISFI
What affects QoE for Rural Users
� Network Characteristics� Ad hoc type networks – scattered group of users � Lossy links, Fluctuating Traffic demand� Delay tolerant networks (DTN) - not suitable for interactive traffic� Low bandwidth –> Network congestion� Network heterogeneity (e.g., WiMAX and WiFi)
� Frequent user mobility (e.g., cell mobility, subnet mobility)� Application characteristics
Slide 4© GISFI
� Application characteristics� Current Types of Application
�Cellular voice, File transfer (e.g., non-real-time), SMS� Future NGN Application requires QoS support from lower layers
�Real-time streaming (e.g., IPTV)� Interactive (e.g., VoIP) – Delay sensitive�Distance learning, Mobile banking�Group-based conferencing (e.g., Multicast)
� (Priority) Services need QoS reservation
Experiencing Quality of Services under congestion
7 Mbps Cross Traffic
Audio Quality Video Quality
Incr
ease
Tra
ffic
Con
gest
ion
559.5 Mbps Cross Traffic
9 Mbps Cross Traffic
8 Mbps Cross Traffic
Incr
ease
Tra
ffic
Con
gest
ion
QoS is needed at multiple layers
diameter
SIP
HSS
GETS-Application
Server
P-CSCF
I-CSCF
S-CSCF
PCRFPCRF
P-CSCF
S-CSCF
InviteOKACK
DNS/ENUM
RTP
L3 priority-based QoS IMSL2 Priority –based QoS
IP CANCaller (UE1)
SIP
GETS Call
Called (UE2)
Managed IP(Multi-Provider Network)
DNS
WirelessAccess
� UMTS� EvDO� WiMAX� LTE
� Satellite
WirelineAccess� Cable� DSL� Fiber
� Ethernet
WirelineAccess� Cable� DSL� Fiber
� Ethernet
WirelessAccess
� UMTS� EvDO� WiMAX� LTE
� Satellite
RAN
GW
GW
RAN
RAN IP CAN
6
SIP RPH Functions
Application-layer priority Queuing
Copyright © 2007 Telcordia Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
6
Priority QoS Treatment (Diffserv approach) in the Cor e IP Transport
QoS Traffic Class
PriorityLevel
1) No QoS 2) QoS – EF Only 3) QoS –(EF & AF4)
EF- Expedited Forwarding
Highest SIP REGISTER Priority SIP
Priority Voice , Video (RTP)
SIP REGISTERPriority SIP
Priority Voice and Video (RTP)
AF- AssuredForwarding
DSCP classification and marking at the edge, and class-based priority queuing and assured bandwidth scheduling at the edge and core routers
• EF Treatment: For Emergency SIP signaling and SIP Register transport(Strict-priority forwarding for bounded bandwidth)
• AF Treatment: For Emergency VoIP and Video/IP RTP media (Weighted shared bandwidth scheduling of remaining bandwidth among AF classes)
• BE Treatment: Best-effort traffic forwarding only when bandwidth not in use by higher priority traffic; Drop otherwise
7
Lowest
Priority/Non-priority SIP
Priority/Non-priority RTP traffic
Non- Priority SIP
Non-Priority Voice ,Video (RTP
Non-priority SIPNon-priority RTPCross traffic
BE – Best Effort
VoIP Call (10 Mb/s One-way Cross Traffic)
Priority VoIP– 10 Mb/s cross traffic (packet size 1440 bytes)
Applying Diffserv-based QoS to VoIP
8
Non Priority VoIP – 10 Mb/s cross traffic (packet size 1440 bytes)
Non Priority VoIP – 10 Mb/s cross traffic (packet size 400 bytes)
AdministrativeDomain B
CorrespondingHost
IPch
N2N1
ConfigurationAgent
AuthenticationAgent
Authorization Agent
RegistrationAgent
RegistrationAgent
Administrative Domain A
ConfigurationAgent
Authorization Agent
SignalingProxy
AuthenticationAgent
SignalingProxy
Layer 2 L3 PoA
Experiencing QoS due to mobility in 4G network
Backbone
L2 PoA
128.59.10.7207.3.232.10
210.5.240.10
128.59.11.8
N1N1
N2
N1- Network 1 (802.11)N2- Network 2 ( CDMA/GPRS)
L3 PoA207.3.232.10
MobileHost
Layer 3 PoA
L2 PoA Layer 2 PoA
Layer 2 PoA
L3 PoA
128.59.9.6
L3 PoA
A
B
CD
900 ms media interruption
802.11 802.11
h/o delay900 ms
802.11 802.11
4 Seconds media interruption h/o delay 4 s
Handoff Delay~ 18 s
802.11 CDMA
18 Seconds media interruptionh/o delay
18 s
9
HandoverEvent
Network discovery &
selection
Networkattachment
Configuration Securityassociation
Bindingupdate
Mediareroute
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6
Where is the delay during handover process?
selection
Channeldiscovery
L2 association
Routersolicitation
Domainadvertisement
Identifieracquisition
DuplicateAddress
Detection
AddressResolution
Authentication(L2 and L3)
Keyderivation
Identifierupdate
Identifiermapping
Bindingcache
Tunneling
Buffering
Forwarding
Bi-casting/Multicasting
Serverdiscovery
IdentifierVerification
Subnetdiscovery
P11
P13
P12
P21
P22
P23
P31
P32
P33 P41
P42P51
P52
P53
P54
P61 P62
P63
P64
10
A typical roaming scenario in 4G network
vDHCPvP-CSCF
Home domainVisited domain
vS-CSCF
vASvAAA
Internet
Trust domain
vPCRF
hDHCPhP-CSCF
hS-CSCF
hAShAAA
hPCRF
hHAvHA
hMN
hAGW
hMN hMNhMN
Home Local MobilityGlobal MobilityVisited Local Mobility
hMN hMN
hAGWhAGWvAGWvAGWvAGW
Effect of handoff on QoS – IMS Network s
Components Optimized
Reactive
Non-Optimized
Type
s of
Han
doff
PPP Termination
Layer 2 Delay
PPP Activation
MIP-SolicitationMIP-Binding Update
Copyright © 2007 Telcordia Technologies. All Rights Reserved.
12
Figure 1: Levels of MMD Optimization
0 3000 6000 9000 12000
Proactive
Type
s of
Han
doff
Time in ms
DHCP Trigger
DHCP Inform
SIP Trigger
SIP+Security
Media Redirection
Components Optimized
Cross-layer feedback helps to achieve QoS
Application
(Audio, Video, Data)
Codecs (H.261)SAP SIP
RTP RTCP
H.323
TCPUDP
SDP
TCP Retransmission,
Re-negotiateBw, codec
Adaptive Application User Needs, Requirement
User
UDPSCTP
MIP MIPv6 ICMP IGMP
PPPAAL 3/4
CDMA/GPRS/LTE802.3802.11
CSMA/CA CSMA/CD
SONETTX powerModulation
BER
SNR,
switchingLINK status
RoutingHandoff
Retransmission,RTCP
Feedback
CIP
AAL3/4
RIP OSPF
Use case: Media Independent Pre-authentication and proactive discovery
AA CA
MN-CA keyAR
Network 3
ARMN-CA keyNetwork 2
INTERNETInformation
Server
Current AR
ARNetwork 4
CN
TN AA CA
AA CA
Mobile
Network 1AR
AP1 Coverage Area AP 2 & 3 Coverage Area
AP3AP2AP1 CTNTN
CTN – Candidate Target NetworksTN – Target Network
14
IEEE 802.21 assisted proactive handover
Mobility Type
Mobile IPv6 SIP mobility
HandoffParameters
Buffering Disabled+ RO Disabled
Buffering Enabled+ RODisabled
Buffering Disabled+ RO Enabled
BufferingEnabled+ ROEnabled
BufferingDisabled
BufferingEnabled
L2 handoff (ms)
4.00 4.0 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00
Results: Media independent proactive handoff
802.11 802.114 sAAA
nARL3 PoA
MN
AP1L2 PoA
AP0(L2 PoA)
Pre-authentication
Network ANetwork B
Pre-configuration
pARL3 PoA
CoreNetwork DHCP
server PANA server
Bufferingmodule
Tunnelingmodule
MN
HA (MIP)Home
Network
ProactiveHandoverTunnel
CN
Network C Network D
(ms)
L3 handoff(ms)
1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Avg. packet loss
1.3 0 0.7 0 1.50 0
Avg. inter-packet interval (ms)
16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 16.00
Avg. inter-packet arrival time during handover (ms)
21 45 21 67 21 29.00
Avg. packet jitter (ms)
n/a 29.00 n/a 51.00 n/a 13.00
Buffering period (ms)
n/a 50.00 n/a 50.00 n/a 20.00
Avg. Buffered Packets
n/a 2.00 n/a 3.00 n/a 3.0015
Non-optimized handoff (200 packets loss, ~ 4 s handover delay)
Media Independent Pre-auth handoff (No packet loss – 5 ms handoff delay)
802.11 802.11Interruption
MNMN
Feedback-based service oriented architecture
diameter
SIP
HSS
GETS-Application
Server
P-CSCF
I-CSCF
S-CSCF
PCRFPCRF
P-CSCF
S-CSCFInviteOK
ACK
DNS/ENUM
DNS
RTP
Layer 3 control
IMS
IMS-layer control
PerformanceMonitor
Network
IP CANCaller (UE1)
GETS Call
Called (UE2)
Managed IP(Multi-Provider Network)
WirelessAccess
� UMTS� EvDO� WiMAX� LTE
� Satellite
WirelineAccess� Cable� DSL� Fiber
� Ethernet
WirelineAccess� Cable� DSL� Fiber
� Ethernet
WirelessAccess
� UMTS� EvDO� WiMAX� LTE
� Satellite
RAN
GW
GW
RAN
RAN IP CAN
1616
Layer 2 control
Multi-layer SON
Controller
Feedback
�NIKSUN, TCS, IIITA, (NEC), (VNL),I4CT, MPHASIS
�Gaurav Srivastav (MNNIT)
QoS SIG Task Force
Slide 17© GISFI
QoS (SIG) deliverables - December
� Define several use case scenarios for communication in rural India � Focus QoS metrics for a specific set of applications
� Survey available techniques and framework being discussed in different SDOs
� Map the appropriate techniques and protocols to those use
Slide 18© GISFI
� Map the appropriate techniques and protocols to those use case scenarios
� Draft Best Current Practices for QoS Requirement for Rural India
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