pronoun cation

IPE Young Corporate Leader

Voice & Speech

Workshop 2

Voice & Speech

Workshop 2

Session Session

Dr.Agna Fernandez,FPM-XLRI

OverviewOverview

Session 1Session 1

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Practice – Monothongs

Practice – Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Vowel sound classification

• Vowel Sounds

Monothongs/ pure vowels

- Long and short vowel sounds

Combination sounds

- Diphthongs

- Thiphthongs

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

MonothongsThe Vowel sounds are paired as short & long.

Short Vowel sounds Long Vowel sound

i (ih) - Fish, Pig, Kitten i: (ee) - Key, Bee, Feet

ə (erh) - Computer, producer, over Ʒ: (uhh) – bird, thirteen, curd

Ʌ (Ah) – cub, butter, punch a: (aah) – car, dark, blast

Ʊ(uh) – Good, Pudding, Would u: (ooh) – blue, shoe, do

D (Aw) - Dog, Frog, Block ɔ: (oo) – door, more, four

ӕ(ae)- Map, Cat, Rat

e(eh) - Egg, Bell, Elephant

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Diphthongs

Combination of two vowel sounds.• [aʊ] as in house (auw)• [aɪ] as in kite (i)• [eɪ] as in same (ay)• [juː] as in few (eu)• [ɔɪ] as in join (oi)• [ɪə] as in fear (ea)• [ɛə] as in hair (ae)• [ʊə] as in tour, poor (ooah)

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Practice

e – ӕ Sound

He led the lad home.

Anna sat down after losing the first set.

Let’s bet on Sachin’s bat.

He went to bed with a bad cold.

She was happy to go out with her hen-pecked husband.

Practice

i – i:Sound

These shoes fit my feet.

She had a meal at the mill.

There are sheep on the ship.

Give me a kiss for the keys.

The beat was a bit strong.

Practice

ə and Ʒ: sound

The bird flew over the car.

The girl shook hands with the director.

He bought a dozen of curd packets.

I heard him talk about the procedure.

That dress compliments her figure.

PracticeɅ and a: sound

She threw the cup into the car.

I have a gut feeling that he will come last.

Complete your tasks on time.

He pointed a gun at the masked man.

Utter the word ‘cast’ with me.

PracticeƱ and u: sound

That was a good move.

He grew up in the woods.

Who would be the class leader?

Look for the loop hole.

There is too much information in the book.

PracticeD and ɔ: sound

Four dogs chased me down the alley.

We need more clocks in the house.

Do not touch the hot ore.

Author told the story is over.

The cot is low.

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Tie new coin night

Dear cow bear gate

Paid decoy join height

Tour care dew sane

Poor ground where beer

Boy way here sure

Hair conjure deer queue

Buy few down town

Practice - Diphthong

Practice – Diphthong rearranged

down cow ground town

tie buy height night

way paid gate sane

few new dew queue

join boy coin decoy

deer dear here beer

hair where care bear

tour poor sure conjure

Common confusables – [ɛə] and [ʊə]

AIR EAR

Care, chair, Clair Clear, cheer

Glare Gear

Lair Leer

Pare, pair, pear Peer, pier

Tear, there, their Tear, tier

Dare Deer, dear

Bare, bear Beer

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Word stress

Let us look at examples:

1. I didn’t say he stole the money2. I didn’t say he stole the money3. I didn’t say he stole the money4. I didn’t say he stole the money5. I didn’t say he stole the money6. I didn’t say he stole the money7. I didn’t say he stole the money

Word stress

Let us look at the sentences again:

1. I didn’t say he stole the money - someone else did2. I didn’t say he stole the money- that’s not true at all3. I didn’t say he stole the money- I only suggested it4. I didn’t say he stole the money- someone else took it5. I didn’t say he stole the money- he may have borrowed 6. I didn’t say he stole the money- but rather some other money7. I didn’t say he stole the money- He may have taken jewelry

Rule 1: contrasting words

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 3: Negation and contractions

Rule 4: Adjective phrases

Rule 5: Compound Noun / combination words & acronyms

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 7: Long phrases/ sentences

Rule 8: With close ended and open ended questions

Rule 9: Choices

Word stress - techniques

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 1: contrasting words.

• She learned cooking but never used that skill.• She studied French but did not enjoy it.• Mary speaks Spanish but she teaches Portuguese.

Contrasts are stressed because they denote two opposite meanings, and therefore require emphasis.

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Word stress - techniquesRule 2: opinions

• I believe he is intelligent but you may differ from me

• It looks like a gun but it is a dummy.

• I feel they are extremely happy about the incident.

Opinions are stressed since they denote strong perceptions. However, if there are nouns in the sentence, the nouns get more emphasis than the verbs.

Harry believes he is intelligent but you may differ from him.

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 3: Negation and contractions.

• I can’t do anything about it• I won’t do it for a million bucks• She shouldn’t be going out alone

All contractions are not stressed. Only the ones which carry the essence of negation. Otherwise, the words that indicates proposition are stressed.

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 4: Adjective phrases.

• A beautiful girl• A lovely rose• A delicious meal• A refreshing drink• An amazing journey• The lonely man

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 5: Compound Noun phrases / combination words & acronyms.

• A hotdog• A businessman• A matchstick

The stress falls on the first word

CIA ISI CGPA GPRS

In acronyms, the last letter will be stressed.

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 6: word stress

There is only one syllable in a word that gets stressed

Organize Organization

Industry Industrial Industrialization

Technology Technological

Represent Representative Representation

Atom Atomic

Communicate Communication

Photograph Photographer

Rule 6: word stress tips

-ology -tion -lity -ic/-ics -ical Biology Station Ability Physics PracticalSociology Relation Facility Dynamic PhysicalTechnology Production Utility Logistics Critical Astrology Specialization Capability Statistics Statistical

Theology Amortization Comprehensibility Gymnastics Logical

-ically -ial -ially -ious -meter

Basically Official Financially Pious Kilometer

Statistically Commercial Essentially Obvious Thermometer

Logically Crucial Substantially Notorious Odometer

Practically Artificial Commercially Ceremonious Barometer

Economically Facial Conscious Speedometer

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 7: In long phrases/ sentences, do not use exactly the

same level of intonation to stress words twice in a row.

• I tried to cook a delicious meal for her• Our meeting schedule is flexible this afternoon

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Rule 8: With close ended questions (When answer is a Yes or No), intonation rises at the end of the Question.

Are you married?

With open ended questions (That cannot be answered in a yes or no), the intonation drops at the end of the statement or though group.

How Long have your worked?

Three Years

Rule 2: opinions

Rule 6: word stress

Rule 9: Choices

Stress will rise on the first choice or all the choices before the last one and down/ no stress for the final option to indicate end of the choices.

Do you want red, black or yellow?

Practice word stress

I attended the seminar by my favorite speaker. During the seminar, he looked intensely at me, but did not talk to me. So I thought I should volunteer and went near him to talk. But he wouldn’t open his mouth to talk to me. I was completely embarrassed. I requested the housekeeper to arrange a different seat for me in the last row, though the discussion topic was the DNA of my research work. After the seminar, I asked him ‘do you really not talk to any audience?’ and he answered ‘yes’ and I asked him ‘why is it so?’, but he did not answer. So, I asked him ‘do you want to talk to me, or not?’

Agenda

Vowel sounds

Monothongs

Diphthongs

Word stress

Intonation

Rise and fall in pitch is intonation.

A. He is going tomorrow. :CORRECTB. He is going tomorrow? : INCORRECT

A drops at the end, making it a statement.

B rises at the end, making it a question.

The distinctive use of different patterns of pitch that carry meaningful information.

Types of intonation

• Fall• Rise• Rise - Fall• Fall - Rise• Level• Complex (in long phrases and sentences)

Types of intonation

Fall: neutral statement, conclusion

Have you seen Kamal?

Yes. (Falling intonation)

Indicates - ‘I have answered your question and do not intend to add anything else’

Types of intonation

Rise: questioning, doubt, desire to continue conversation

Have you seen kamal lately?

Yes… (Rising intonation)

Indicates - ‘I want to continue the conversation, I am curious’)

Types of intonation

Rise-Fall: emphatic statement, irritation, command

Do I really have to clean my

Types of intonation

Fall-Rise: surprise, scepticism

Kamal and Priya were on good terms at the party.

Really!

Types of intonation

Level: boredom, lack of interest

Can you remember Kamal, the host

for our college annual function?

Types of intonation

Sentence stress

Has focus word – intonation on focus word depending on what message needs to be conveyed.

Focus word – Yes; Rise – fall (emphatic statement, irritation, command)

Focus word – Yes

Head adds meaning to the sentence and is stressed.

Head – Told ; all the words that follow the head word will have same level pitch.

Sentence stress

Focus word – Yes; words that follow will have end intonation pattern of the focus word.

Head – Told ; all the words that follow the head word will have same level pitch.

Rise – Fall (Irritation)

Sentence stress

Focus word – Told (rise – fall) - Empathy

Sentence stress – fall rise (Surprised, Shocked)

Focus word – might + buy

If 1st focus word is ‘rise-fall’ then, 2nd word will follow opposite ‘fall-rise’.

Sentence stress – rise fall

Focus word – might +buy

Words between 1st & 2nd focus words will follow the end intonation of the focus word before them.

Sentence stress – distanced focus word

Practice Intonation

1. The first student to finish can go early

2. Sadly, Maurice has gone away

3. The person who was watching me left a ticket behind

4. Alan couldn't make it so Ken took his place

Questions!

???????

Thank you

pronoun cation

agna fernandez

fpmxlripractice e soundhe

kitten i

aah car

blastuh good

uhh bird

soundthe bird

house auwa

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