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UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 1
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM
FOR SMALL-SCALE CDM PROJECT ACTIVITIES (F-CDM-SSC-PDD)
Version 04.1
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT (PDD)
Title of the project activity Micro scale Improved Cook stove Project of
Bagepalli Coolie Sangha
Version number of the PDD 1
Completion date of the PDD 07/05/2012
Project participant(s) Bagepalli Coolie Sangha (BCS)
Host Party(ies) India
Sectoral scope(s) and selected methodology(ies) Sectoral Scope – 3; Energy Demand
Project Type II - Energy Efficiency
Improvement Projects
Project Category – II.G. Energy efficiency
measures in thermal applications of non-
renewable biomass, Version 3, EB 60.
Estimated amount of annual average GHG
emission reductions
15,165
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 2
SECTION A. Description of project activity
A.1. Purpose and general description of project activity
The Coolie Sangha is a 25 years old membership based people’s organisation comprising of small and poor
peasant families (landed and landless agricultural labourers) who struggle to rid themselves of exploitation
and take control of their own lives in order to undertake grassroots planned development activities. 38,615
small and poor peasant families have formed village level Coolie (manual labourers) Sangha Units (CSUs)
in 915 villages. The Coolie Sangha gives an identity and protection to its members and supports them in
issues and struggles aimed at their empowerment. The Coolie Sangha implements various grassroots
planned developmental activities, including children's education, community and referral health, petty credit
for Coolie women, activities to support young widows and deserted women, a village level decentralized
credit activity, agricultural development, etc.
Purpose of the project activity
The project activity is implementation of improved cook stoves - CHULIKA in Chickballapur district in
Karnataka state, India. Chickballapur District is a very dry region. The rainfall is scanty, and the nominal
forest area is just 6.19% of the total area of the old Kolar district1 (FSI, 2011)
2. In practice many of the
forests are also much degraded. The forest ecosystems of Chickballapur are characterized by arid and
scanty vegetation. Land use patterns have been showing a decrease in forest land cover and increase in
degraded land. Increasing pressure from human and livestock population and indiscriminate and illegal
exploitation of forest resources are among factors that have lead to further intensification of the problem. A
trend of forests turning into open scrubs has been observed. Degradation of forest lands has exacerbated
the already existing problem of desertification. There is a need to maintain adequate forest cover in the
state to mitigate climate change effects.
a. The project area is a semi arid drought prone region. The project area skirts the southern border of
the Rayalaseema desert belt and shares the same language, culture and social structure, as also the
stark poverty that afflicts the region. The region receives an annual rainfall of around 780 mm and
is facing imminent desertification, with severely degraded soils. The dust brown rocky terrain is
severely undulating, with small hill ranges and outcrops that stud the topography. There is no
mineral wealth and only a very thin and fragile soil cover. Slopes in the region are not terraced and
rainfall is not retained. Thus, the reason is biomass deficit and tending towards desertification. To
attenuate the problem of fuel wood scarcity, the Bagepalli Coolie Sangha have registered a CDM
project activity (UNFCCC Project 2591: Biogas CDM Project of Bagepalli Coolie Sangha) to
construct biogas plants for 18,000 households, thus replacing fuel wood completely for that have
cattle and enough place to build biogas. To address fuel wood scarcity and the needs of Coolie
Sangha Members who do not have cattle or place to build biogas, the improved cook stove project
is being implemented.
b. The purpose of the project activity is to decrease fuel wood consumption by replacing inefficient
traditional cook stoves in 4,500 households with efficient fuel wood single pan CHULIKA cook
stoves, in a drought prone, biomass deficient region of India. Based on thermal efficiency
improvement, each household saves about 3.05 t of woody biomass per year, while in the baseline
1 6 taluks of former Kolar district have been separated and named Chickballapur district. Chickballapur district
was carved out of Kolar district on 23th August 2007 (http://chikballapur.nic.in/district_profile.html). The 6
taluks includes Gowribidanur, Gudibanda, Bagepalli, Chintamani, Siddalaghatta and Chickballapur taluks. 2 Source: State of Forest Report. Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of
India. http://www.fsi.org.in/cover_2011/karnatka.pdf
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 3
the consumption is 4.06 t/household/yr. The savings over the baseline fuel wood consumption is
75.12%.
c. The baseline scenario is the same as the scenario existing prior to the start of implementation of the
project activity. The description of the baseline scenario is given in B.4.
The CHULIKA is a single-pot biomass cook stove based on rocket stove design. With a thermal efficiency
of 40.29% the CHULIKA is an easily portable, improved, fuel-efficient stove. The body of the stove is
made of high quality steel, formed and coated for strength and durability. This design ensures preheating of
the air and complete combustion with little visible smoke and only small amounts of ash. The design results
in greater carbon savings, reduced use of firewood, reduced particulate matter, reduced indoor air pollution
and greater comfort to women who spend 4-6 hours cooking every day. Cooking, frying, baking flat bread,
heating water for bathing etc can be conveniently carried out, replacing the traditional cook stove.
By reducing fuel wood consumption, the project activity reduces GHG emissions of Carbon dioxide (CO2)
stemming from the use of non-renewable biomass. After considering leakage due to the project activity,
CHULIKA cook stoves will save 3.37 t of CO2/yr/family in 5 Taluks of Chickballapur district of
Karnataka State. The project activity is expected to prevent 15,165 tCO2 emissions in a year by
implementing CHULIKA stoves in 4,500 households and a total of 151,650 tonnes of CO2 for a period of
10 years. Implementation of the project depends on successful validation and registration of the project as a
CDM project activity since the project will be financed completely from carbon revenues. CHULIKA will
be distributed in the project area only after registration of the project as a CDM activity.
Contribution of the project activity to sustainable development
The project contributes to social, environmental, economic and technological benefits which contribute to
sustainable development of the local environment and the country as follows:
Social benefits
Reduces drudgery to women (due to reduced fuel wood use) who spend long hours and travel long
distances to collect fuel wood.
Improves overall health of women and children by reducing smoke in the kitchen, thus reducing
health hazards from indoor air pollution.
Better cooking time – the materials used in making CHULIKA transmit the heat effectively,
cooking food faster.
Better cooking environment due to less smoke and carbon residue in the kitchen.
Better quality of life – the rural communities get family time as the whole family can sit and eat
together.
Environmental benefits
Improves the local environment by reducing rate of degradation of forests and deforestation in the
project area.
Reduces indoor pollution – CHULIKA emits less smoke and reduces morbidity from respiratory
diseases and other health hazards.
Reduces global and local environmental pollution and environmental degradation by reduction in
use of non-renewable biomass thus leading to reduction in GHG emissions.
Less water and effort is needed for cleaning vessels as the cooking process is relatively smoke-free.
Economic benefits
Employment opportunities for local communities through the CDM activity.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 4
Reduces purchase of fuel wood and/or wage equivalent from reduced firewood collection time.
Technological benefits:
Introduction of new technology to the rural communities.
A.2. Location of project activity
A.2.1. Host Party(ies)
India
A.2.2. Region/State/Province etc.
Chickballapur District, Karnataka
A.2.3. City/Town/Community etc.
Taluks namely Bagepalli, Chickballapur, Chintamani, Gudibanda and Sidlaghatta
A.2.4. Physical/ Geographical location
Fig 1: Map showing Karnataka State and the 5 Taluks in Chickballapur district where the project will be
implemented.
Chickballapur district is a newly created district in the state of Karnataka, India. It was carved out of the
existing Kolar district by moving the Taluks of Gauribidanur, Gudibanda, Bagepalli, Chickballapur,
Sidlaghatta and Chintamani into the new district in 2007. The coordinates of the district is 13° 26′ 48″ N,
77° 43′ 12″ E3. The geographical coordinates of the Taluks in which the project will be implemented are as
follows:
Taluk
Coordinates4
Latitude (N) Longitude (E)
3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikkaballapur_district 4 Kolar District Gazetteer, 2005. Office of the Chief Editor, Karnataka Gazetteer, Government of Karnataka,
Bangalore.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 5
Bagepalli 130 38’ to 13
0 58’ 77
0 40’ to 78
0 05’
Chickballapur 130 20’ to 13
0 39’ 77
0 33’ to 77
0 50’
Chintamani 130 15’ to 13
0 21’ 78
0 51’ to 78
0 10’
Gudibanda 130 36’ to 13
0 47’ 77
0 35’ to 77
0 49’
Sidlaghatta 130 13’ to 13
0 40’ 78
0 03’ to 78
0 22’
A.3. Technologies and/or measures
The purpose of the project activity is to decrease fuel wood consumption by replacing inefficient traditional
cook stoves in 4,500 households with efficient fuel wood single pan CHULIKA cook stoves, in a drought
prone, biomass deficient region of India.
The CHULIKA (Aadi Sri Shakti model) is a portable biomass cook stove that has been designed by
iSquareD, a charitable trust registered in Karnataka, with headquarters in Bengaluru, Karnataka. The
CHULIKA is produced by Gray Matter Technologies under a contract manufacturing agreement with
iSquareD. The production centre is based in Peenya Industrial Centre in Bengaluru.
Fig 2: CHULIKA stove
The CHULIKA (Aadi Sri Shakti model) is a single-pot biomass cook stove based on rocket stove design.
With a thermal efficiency of 40.29%, CHULIKA is an easily portable, improved, fuel-efficient stove. The
body of the stove is made of high quality steel, formed and coated for strength and durability. The top plate
is cast iron, while the bottom plate is a fired clay tile. The core of the stove is the combustion chamber
made from high quality thermally insulating refractory material. The internal wood grate too is
molded from cast iron. This internal grate ensures continuous draught and combustion.
This design ensures preheating of the air and complete combustion with little visible smoke and only small
amounts of ash. The design results in greater carbon savings, reduced use of firewood, reduced particulate
matter, reduced indoor air pollution and greater comfort to women who spend 4-6 hours cooking every day.
The stove is suitable for rural household cooking, frying, baking flat bread, heating water for bathing can
be conveniently carried out etc.
a. Scenario existing before the start of the project activity: The households are currently using
inefficient traditional cook stove with an efficiency of 0.10. The baseline traditional cook
stoves being replaced are three-stone fires and traditional cook stoves built of mud/clay/cement
lacking a chimney and grate (Figure 3). These stoves can take either single or two pots at a
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 6
time and use firewood as fuel. Most of the households have one/two stoves, wherein they use it
for cooking and water heating.
b. The scope of measure under the project activity: The project activity involves implementation
of CHULIKA, the efficient biomass cook stove at the family level for 4,500 households. In
each house, 2 Chulika stoves will be implemented, which will replace the existing inefficient
traditional cook stoves completely.
c. Baseline scenario: The baseline scenario is the same as the scenario existing prior to the start
of implementation of the project activity. The baseline scenario is as established in section B.4.
According to the methodology, in the absence of the project activity, the baseline scenario
would be the use of fossil fuels for meeting similar thermal energy needs. As seen from the
energy ladder in India, the mix of present and future fuels used would consist of a solid fossil
fuel (lowest in the ladder of fuel choice), a liquid fossil fuel (represents a progression over solid
fuel in the ladder of fuel use choices) and a gaseous fuel (represents a progression over liquid
fuel in the ladder of fuel use choices).
The following are further details of the technology that would be implemented:
a. The highly efficient improved biomass cook stove CHULIKA (Aadi Sri Shakti model) is a portable
biomass cook stove that has been designed by iSquareD and produced by Gray Matter
Technologies.
- The average lifetime of the equipment based on manufacturers’ specifications and industry
standards is 5 years.
- The thermal efficiency of Chulika is determined based on national standard for the
performance of the equipment type, which is the IS standard 13152 (Part I) on Solid
Biomass Chulha-Portable (Metallic) by the Bureau of Indian Standard. The aforesaid
standards are being used for testing and approval of various single pot metallic improved
cook-stoves in the country5. According to para 9(e) of SSC guidelines, the manufacturer,
iSquareD, has specified the thermal efficiency value based on national tests that has been
certified by national certifiers, the Central Power and Research Institute (CPRI). The
efficiency of single pot stove CHULIKA was conducted based on the national standard by
Central Power and Research Institute (CPRI)6 which is an accredited organization
7. The
test was conducted based on the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), IS 13152: Biomass
Chulha – Specification, which is based on Water Boiling Test (WBT) protocol. According
to the test report of CPRI, the thermal efficiency of CHULIKA is 40.29% or 0.4029.
- There are no monitoring equipments for the household level improved cook stove.
Monitoring will be done for non-usage of stoves by the village level volunteers.
b. The emission sources involved in the project activity is from the use of non-renewable biomass
leading to GHG emissions. The specific GHG involved for the project activity is CO2.
c. The improved cook stove will provide thermal energy that will be implemented under the project
activity. There are no relations to any other manufacturing/production equipments and systems
outside the project boundary.
5 http://www.mnre.gov.in/schemes/decentralized-systems/national-biomass-cookstoves initiative/ 6 http://www.cpri.in/ 7 http://www.cpri.in/corporate/credentials.html
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 7
The Chulika is environmentally safe and is of sound technology. There is no transfer of technology to
the host country.
A.4. Parties and project participants
Party involved
(host) indicates a host Party
Private and/or public
entity(ies) project participants
(as applicable)
Indicate if the Party involved
wishes to be considered as
project participant (Yes/No)
Party A (INDIA) Private entity A - Bagepalli
Coolie Sangha (BCS)
No
A.5. Public funding of project activity
There will be no public funding involved in the project activity.
A.6. Debundling for project activity
This is a micro-scale project activity.
According to the “Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of micro scale project activities” Version
03, EB 63, Annex 23, micro-scale CDM project activities shall demonstrate that they are not a debundled
component of a small-scale (SSC) CDM project activity by applying the criteria in the Guidelines on
assessment of debundling for SSC project activities, for example by suitably considering micro-scale
thresholds in the place of SSC thresholds (EB 62, Para 48).
Applying micro-scale thresholds in place of SSC thresholds, for the “Guidelines on assessment of
debundling for SSC project activities”, Version 3.1, Annex 13, EB 54, a proposed micro-scale project
activity shall be deemed to be a debundled component of a small scale project activity if there is a
registered micro-scale CDM project activity or an application to register another micro-scale CDM project
activity:
(a) With the same project participants;
(b) In the same project category and technology/measure; and
(c) Registered within the previous 2 years; and
(d) Whose project boundary is within 1 km of the project boundary of the proposed small- scale
activity at the closest point.
Bagepalli Coolie Sangha (BCS) does not have CDM projects registered in the same project category and
technology.
The only registered CDM project of the Project Proponent is Project 2591: Biogas CDM Project of
Bagepalli Coolie Sangha. This project is under a different category (Type – I, Renewable Energy) and
technology/measure (implementation of domestic biogas units) in Chickballapur district.
Thus, the micro scale project is not a debundled component of a small scale project activity.
SECTION B. Application of selected approved baseline and monitoring methodology
B.1. Reference of methodology
Sectoral Scope – 3; Energy Demand
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CDM – Executive Board Page 8
TYPE II - Energy Efficiency Improvement Projects
CATEGORY: II.G. Energy efficiency measures in thermal applications of non-renewable biomass;
Version 03; EB 60
Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of micro scale project activities” Version 03, EB 63, Annex
23.
B.2. Project activity eligibility
This project is applicable as per the definition in the Annex B of the simplified methodologies for selected
small-scale CDM project activity categories, Type II.G. Energy efficiency measures in thermal applications
of non-renewable biomass; Version 03; EB 60.
i. This category comprises of appliances involving efficiency improvements in the thermal
applications of non-renewable biomass. The project activity is introduction of CHULIKA, a high
efficiency biomass fired cook stoves at household level for cooking and water heating with a
thermal efficiency of 0.4029. In the baseline, inefficient cook stoves are being used with an
efficiency of 0.10.
ii. The communities are using non-renewable biomass since 31st December 1989.
o A study was conducted by Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests
during 1987 to assess the wood consumption in Kolar district8. Chickballapur district was
part of the erstwhile Kolar district during 1987. Based on the study, the fuel wood
requirement in 1987 was 8 lakh tonnes/annum against the production of 0.31 lakh tonnes.
Thus, the non-renewable biomass (fNRB) in 1987 was 96%.
o Thus, the communities were using non-renewable biomass since 31st December 1989
iii. Type II project activities or those relating to improvements in energy efficiency which reduce
energy consumption on the supply and/or demand side, shall be limited to those with a maximum
output of 20 GWh per year for a micro scale project activity or an appropriate equivalent, which is
below 60 GWh (thermal) and will remain under the limits of micro-scale project activity during
every year of the crediting period as shown below. The calculation of annual energy savings is as
follows:
o Thermal energy savings per household are calculated by multiplying the annual biomass
savings per household from CHULIKA systems with its calorific value:
Energy Savings (GWh) = biomassysavings NCVB .
= biomass
new
oldold NCVB ).1.(
= 167.4)4029.0
1.01(06.4
= 12.719 MWh/household
= 0.0127 GWh/household
Where:
8 FSI, 1989. Report on wood consumption study in Kolar District, Karnataka. Forest Survey of India, Southern
Zone, Bangalore, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Department of Environment, Forests and Wildlife.
Government of India.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 9
Bold = Quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project activity in tonnes = 4.06 t per
household (see Section B.4.)
ηold = Efficiency of the system being replaced = 0.1 (see Section B.4.)
ηnew = Efficiency of the system being deployed as part of the project activity as determined using the
Water Boiling Test (WBT) protocol = 0.4029 (see Section B.4.)
NCVbiomass = Net calorific value of the non-renewable biomass that is substituted = IPCC default for
wood fuel, 0.015 TJ/tonne, corresponds to 4.167 kWh/t (Reference SSC_223)
Thus, in each of the household, the appliance achieves an annual energy savings equal to 0.0127 GWh or
12.719 MWh, which is smaller than 600 megawatt hours.
The maximum number of eligible households that can be disseminated with the stove in this project activity
is therefore limited to 60 GWhth/0.0127 GWh per household = 4,717 households.
The project activity will remain under the limit of micro-scale project activity types (annual energy savings
below 60 GWh) during every year of the crediting period, because the maximum number of households that
will be disseminated with the stove under the project will be limited to 4,500. Thus, the total energy savings
during the year will be 0.0127 x 4,500 = 57.24 GWh.
Considering the above, AMS II.G, Version 3 is applicable to the project activity.
B.3. Project boundary
According to II.G methodology, the project boundary is the physical, geographical site of the efficient
systems using biomass.
This projects boundary will therefore encompass the sum of the 4,500 physical, geographical sites of all
individual households disseminated with the CHULIKA cook stove under this CDM project activity from
the household database of Bagepalli Coolie Sangha in Chickballapur District of Karnataka.
Thus, the project boundary is the cooking activity with CHULIKA by 4,500 stove user households in 5
Taluks of Chickballapur District, Karnataka State, India.
Based on the methodologies, the GHGs included are as follows:
Source Gas Included? Justification/Explanation
Bas
elin
e Biomass Burning for
cooking with traditional
cook stove
CO2 Included Is a major GHG source
CH4 Excluded Is not a source
N2O Excluded Is not a source
Pro
ject
Act
ivit
y
Biomass Burning for
cooking with Improved
cook stove
CO2 Included Is a major GHG source
CH4 Excluded Is not a source
N2O Excluded Is not a source
Leakage (diversion of CO2 Included Is a major GHG source
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 10
non-renewable woody
biomass saved under the
project activity by non-
project households)
CH4 Excluded Is not a source
N2O Excluded Is not a source
Flow diagram of the project boundary
B.4. Establishment and description of baseline scenario
In accordance with Paragraph 4 of the chosen methodology, Type II.G. Energy efficiency measures in
thermal applications of non-renewable biomass, Version 3, EB 60:
It is assumed that in the absence of the project activity, the baseline scenario would be the use of fossil
fuels for meeting similar thermal energy needs.
According to the general guidelines to SSC CDM methodologies, Version 18, EB 66, Paragraph 21, Type
II and III greenfield projects (new facilities) may use a Type II and Type III small-scale methodology
provided that they can demonstrate that the most plausible baseline scenario for this project activity is
the baseline provided in the respective Type II and Type III small-scale methodology. Also according to
the guidelines, specific procedures for greenfield project activities provided in the respective
methodology have precedence.
Source of Non-renewable Biomass
Forests, Waste Land
and Buying from the
Market
Fuel Wood Collected
by 4,500 End User
Families in the
Project Area
Fuel Wood Burnt for
Cooking using Efficient
Improved Cook Stove
Reduced
Emission of
CO2
Monitoring Variables
Number of Improved Cook stoves Installed
Number of Improved Cook Stoves Operating
Check the Efficiency of Cook Stoves.
Record Non use days of Stoves for all families
Project boundary: 4,500 Bagepalli Coolie Sangha families from 5 Taluks of
Chickballapur District, Karnataka, India
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As seen from the energy ladder in India, the mix of present and future fuels used would consist of a solid
fossil fuel (lowest in the ladder of fuel choice), a liquid fossil fuel (represents a progression over solid fuel
in the ladder of fuel use choices) and a gaseous fuel (represents a progression over liquid fuel in the ladder
of fuel use choices).
Source: Preeti Malhotra. Environmental implications of the energy ladder in rural India. Boiling Point.
Issue 42. Household energy and the environment9
In Karnataka, the energy mix in rural regions is; 85.7% use fuelwood; 0.5% use kerosene and 6.8% use
LPG10
. Thus, for the most plausible baseline scenario for this project activity is the baseline provided in the
II.G. small-scale methodology, i.e. in the absence of the project activity, the baseline scenario would be
the use of fossil fuels for meeting similar thermal energy needs.
According to the methodology, the emission factor for the substitution of non-renewable woody biomass by
similar consumers is based on weighted average basis and is considered as 81.6 tCO2/TJ.
Emission Reduction Calculations
According to the methodology, Para 5, the specific equations for calculations of Baseline emissions, Project
emissions or Leakage is not provided, but only for emission reductions as follows:
Emission reductions would be calculated as:
fossilfuelprojected_biomassNRB,yy,savingsy EFNCVfBER ***
Where:
yER Emission reductions during the year y in tCO2e
y,savingsB Quantity of woody biomass that is saved in tonnes
9 http://www.hedon.info/BP42_EnvironmentalImplicationsOfTheEnergyLadderInRuralIndia 10
NSSO 2010. National Sample Survey Organization, Household Consumer Expenditure in India, Ministry of
Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
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NRB,yf Fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity in year y that can be
established as non-renewable biomass
biomassNCV Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass that is substituted
(IPCC default for wood fuel, 0.015 TJ/tonne)
fossilfuelprojected_EF Emission factor for the substitution of non-renewable woody biomass by similar
consumers. Use a value of 81.6 tCO2/TJ
Considering Option 2 of Para 6 of the methodology:
)new
oldoldy,savings
η
η(1-BB
Where:
Bold Quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project activity in tonnes
oldη Efficiency of the system being replaced, measured using representative sampling
methods or based on referenced literature values (fraction), use weighted average
values if more than one type of system is being replaced;
A default value of 0.10 may be optionally used if the replaced system is a three
stone fire, or a conventional system with no improved combustion air supply or
flue gas ventilation system, i.e. without a grate or a chimney; for other types of
systems a default value of 0.2 may be optionally used
newη Efficiency of the system being deployed as part of the project activity (fraction),
as determined using the Water Boiling Test (WBT) protocol. Use weighted
average values if more than one type of system is being introduced by the project
activity
Step 1: Determination of Bold
According to the methodology, Para 7 and Opting for Option (a) to determine Bold, it is derived as follows:
Calculated as the product of the number of systems multiplied by the estimated average annual
consumption of woody biomass per appliance (tonnes/year). This can be derived from historical data or
a survey of local usage.
A baseline survey was conducted in the project area among Bagepalli Coolie Sangha families during
February-March 2012 (see Annex 3 for details). The survey shows that the per capita consumption is 2.58
kgs/capita/day. A study conducted by Ramachandra, 200711
for the region shows that the daily wood
consumption for cooking and water heating is 2.87 kg/capita/day (1.02 and 1.85 kg/capita/day for cooking
and water heating respectively). This takes into account the variation in consumption due to seasonal
consumption. The survey result shows lower woody fuel consumption rate compared to Ramachandra
study as it does not consider seasonal variation and the survey was conducted during summer. To be
conservative, 2.58 kg/capita/day is considered for the project area, which is used for emission reduction
calculations. The adult equivalent per family in the project area is 4.32 (see Annex 3 for details). Thus, the
11 Ramachandra, T.V., 2007. Geospatial Mapping of Bioenergy Potential in Karnataka, India. Journal of Energy &
Environment, Vol 6, May 2007
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 13
annual consumption of biomass per family is 2.58 kg/capita/day x 365 days x 4.32 adult equivalent/family
= 4.06 t/household/yr or t/appliance/yr.
Thus, an annual consumption of 4.06 t/family/yr has been considered for emission reduction
calculations in the PDD.
Step 2: Determining ηold
The baseline traditional cook stoves being replaced are three-stone fires and traditional cook stoves built of
mud/clay/cement lacking a chimney and grate (Figure 3). These stoves can take either single or two pots at
a time and use firewood as fuel. Most of the households have one/two stoves, wherein they use it for
cooking and water heating. A baseline survey of 4484 Bagepalli Coolie Sangha households show that
99.55% of the households use traditional cook stoves built of mud/clay/brick/cement. These are without
chimney and grate. About 67.5% of households use one and 32.1% households use two traditional stoves
for cooking and water heating. They cook on both the pots or use one for heating water. For uniformity
sake, each household will be given two single pot CHULIKA stoves to replace both the traditional cook
stoves in the baseline. Thus, fuel wood savings from cooking and heating water for bathing at a family level
of 2 single pot appliances is considered to determine By,savings. The traditional cook stoves will be dismantled
during project implementation.
Thus, according to the methodology, a default value of 0.10 is used as the replaced system is three
stone/mud/clay fires and conventional system with no improved combustion air supply or flue gas
ventilation system, i.e. without a grate or a chimney.
Thus ηold is 0.10.
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Figure 3: Traditional cook stoves used in the baseline scenario in the project area
Step 3: Determining ηnew
Option 2 of the methodology has been used for determining By savings. Accordingly, ηnew is the efficiency
of the system being deployed as part of the project activity (fraction), as determined using the Water
Boiling Test (WBT) protocol. Use weighted average values if more than one type of system is being
introduced by the project activity.
Only one type of system, the CHULIKA will be introduced by the project activity, thus not requiring
weighted average values.
Based on General Guidelines to SSC CDM methodologies, EB 66, Para 11 equipment performance is
satisfied by 9(a) and 9(e), wherein the national standard for the performance of the equipment type has
been used which is the IS standard 13152 (Part I) on Solid Biomass Chulha-Portable (Metallic) by the
Bureau of Indian Standard. The aforesaid standards are being used for testing and approval of various
single pot metallic improved cook-stoves in the country12
. According to para 9(e) of SSC guidelines, the
manufacturer, iSquareD, has specified the thermal efficiency value based on national tests that has been
certified by national certifiers, the Central Power and Research Institute (CPRI). The efficiency of single
pot stove CHULIKA was conducted based on the national standard by Central Power and Research
Institute (CPRI)13
which is an accredited organization14
. The test was conducted based on the Bureau of
Indian Standards (BIS), IS 13152: Biomass Chulha – Specification, which is based on Water Boiling Test
(WBT) protocol. The thermal efficiency for improved cook stoves when tested according to the
specifications given in the standards, should not be less than 25% for an improved cook stove in India.
According to the test report of CPRI, the thermal efficiency of CHULIKA is 40.29% or 0.4029.
Thus ηnew for CHULIKA is 0.4029.
Step 4: Determining By,savings
According to the methodology, option 2 has been used to determine By,savings.
)
new
oldoldy,savings
η
η(1-BB
12 http://www.mnre.gov.in/schemes/decentralized-systems/national-biomass-cookstoves initiative/ 13 http://www.cpri.in/ 14 http://www.cpri.in/corporate/credentials.html
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 15
Using the equation )1.(,
new
oldoldsavingsy BB
By,savings = )4029.0
10.01(06.4
By,savings = 3.05 t/household/year
Thus By,savings for the project is 3.05 t/household/yr or 3.05 t/2 single-pot cook stove/year
For clarity sake, throughout the PDD, By,savings is discussed at a family (household) level.
Step 5: Determining yNRBf ,
Project participants shall determine the shares of renewable and non-renewable woody biomass in Bold
(the quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project activity) the total biomass consumption
using nationally approved methods (e.g. surveys or government data if available) and then determine
yNRBf , as described below. The following principles shall be taken into account:
Demonstrably renewable woody biomass (DRB)
Woody biomass is “renewable” if one of the following two conditions is satisfied:
The woody biomass is originating from land areas that are forests where:
(a) The land area remains a forest; and
(b) Sustainable management practices are undertaken on these land areas to ensure,
in particular, that the level of carbon stocks on these land areas does not
systematically decrease over time (carbon stocks may temporarily decrease due
to harvesting); and
(c) Any national or regional forestry and nature conservation regulations are
complied with.
The biomass is woody biomass and originates from non-forest areas (e.g., croplands,
grasslands) where:
(a) The land area remains as non-forest or is reverted to forest; and
(b) Sustainable management practices are undertaken on these land areas to ensure
in particular that the level of carbon stocks on these land areas does not
systematically decrease over time (carbon stocks may temporarily decrease due
to harvesting); and
(c) Any national or regional forestry, agriculture and nature conservation
regulations are complied with.
Non-renewable biomass:
Non-renewable woody biomass (NRB) is the quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project
activity (Bold) minus the DRB component, as long as at least two of the following supporting indicators
are shown to exist:
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 16
A trend showing an increase in time spent or distance travelled for gathering fuel-wood,
by users (or fuel-wood suppliers) or alternatively, a trend showing an increase in the
distance the fuel-wood is transported to the project area;
Survey results, national or local statistics, studies, maps or other sources of information,
such as remote-sensing data, that show that carbon stocks are depleting in the project
area;
Increasing trends in fuel wood prices indicating a scarcity of fuel-wood;
Trends in the types of cooking fuel collected by users that indicate a scarcity of woody
biomass.
Thus the fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity in year y that can be established as non-
renewable is:
DRBNRB
NRBf yNRB
,
A national study was conducted by the Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Government of India to assess the woody biomass demand and availability at the state and national level15
.
Based on the study, the consumption of fuel wood for each of the state was determined based on surveys
conducted at household level for each of the state. The annual production of wood from forests was
determined from records of each of the forest division in the state. Using this data, the state and national
level data was generated. Further, the production of wood and fuel wood from the trees outside forests was
determined from short rotation, medium rotation and long rotation species. Also the trees harvested for
industrial wood provide substantial quantity of fuel wood as by-product. This has also been accounted for
the production fuel wood from trees outside forests. Thus according to the study, the total fuel wood
consumption for Karnataka state is 20.967 Mt. Fuel wood production from forests and from trees outside
forests account for 0.03 Mt and 0.907 Mt respectively. Therefore the total fuel wood production of DRB
component is 0.937 Mt. Thus, the NRB component of fuel wood consumption is 20.03 Mt. This accounts
for an fNRB of 0.95. The following table summarizes the calculations for fNRB based on FSI, 2011.
fNRB Calculations for Karnataka State based on Forest Survey of India, 2011
Parameter Value Source of Data
Fuel wood Consumption
(tonnes)
2,09,67,000 State of Forest Report, Forest Survey of India,
Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of
India, 2011
Fuel wood production from
Forest (tonnes)
30,000
Fuel wood production from
trees outside Forests (tonnes)
9,07,000
Non-Renewable Biomass
(NRB) (tonnes)
2,00,30,000
(Consumption) minus (Production from forests and
outside forests)
2,09,67,000 – (30,000+9,07,000)
Demonstrably Renewable
Biomass (DRB) (tonnes)
9,37,000
Production from forests and from trees outside forests
(30,000+9,07,000)
DRBNRB
NRBf yNRB
, 0.95
Based on formula given in II.G. Version 3
methodology
15 State of Forest Report. 2011. Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 17
The fraction of non-renewable woody biomass used in the absence of the project activity is 0.95.
The following supporting indicators show that non-renewable woody biomass is being used in the absence
of the project activity.
Decrease in carbon stocks: A periodic 2-year assessment of status of forest cover in India is
carried out by Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.
This assessment is carried out at District level for all the States of India. An assessment of forest
cover of Kolar District (inclusive of Chickballapur district for the FSI assessment) shows a
decrease in forest cover from 6.99% to 6.19% of geographic area. Further analysis of density of
forest cover shows that there has been considerable decrease in dense forests from 189 sq km in
2001 to 59 sq km in 2011. Dense forests are forests with a crown cover between 70-40%. This
accounts to a decrease of 68.8% area of dense forests in a decade. This implies a decrease in
biomass i.e. carbon stocks. Most of the dense forests have got converted to open forests i.e. a
crown cover between 40-10% (Fig 1). Thus, the remote sensing data compiled by the Forest
Survey of India for the district shows that carbon stocks are depleting in the project area.
This is further supported by a study by Ramachandra, 200716
. The study looked at bioresource
supply and demand at district level for Karnataka, According to the study Kolar district is a bio-
resource deficit region with least sustainable fuel wood available.
Fig 1: Change in status of dense forests and open forests showing decreasing trend in carbon stocks
over years for Kolar District17
Increasing trends in fuel wood price indicating scarcity; Yearly consumer expenditure survey
among Indian households is carried out by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) for
rural areas at the state level. Information on energy sources used both for cooking and lighting are
collected as part of the survey. The survey conducted during 2004 presented separately the energy
16 Ramachandra, T.V. 2007. Goespatial mapping of bioenergy potential in Karnataka, India. Journal of Energy and
Environment, Vol 6., 17
Chickballapur District was part of Kolar for the GIS Assessment by the Forest Survey of India.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 18
used for cooking and lighting in rural areas, which shows that fuel-wood consumption accounted
for 54% of the total consumption expenditure. As such, it can be seen that there is an increase in
price beyond the yearly inflation rate, indicating scarcity (Fig 2).
Fig 2: Relative escalation of prices (average yearly inflation rate in India vis-á-vis the actual
prices) towards fuel and light spent by rural population in Karnataka18
As mandated in the methodology, the above two conditions; remote sensing data showing depleting carbon
stocks in the project area and increasing trends in fuel wood price indicating scarcity clearly proves non-
renewable woody biomass use in the project area.
The variables, parameters, data source to determine the baseline emission for the project activity is as
follows:
Activity Data Value Source of data
Fuel wood Consumption
(t/family/yr) 4.06
2.58 t/capita/day (baseline survey) x 365 days x 4.32
(adult equivalent/family from baseline survey)
fNRB 0.95 Based on data by Forest Survey of India, 2011
ɳold 0.1 II.G methodology
ɳnew 0.4029 Laboratory Certificate
By,savings 3.05 Calculated
NCVbiomass 0.015 Methodology II.G
EFprojected_fossilfuel 81.6 Methodology II.G
B.5. Demonstration of additionality
>>
The project activity by Bagepalli Coolie Sangha is implementation of improved cook stoves, with the
primary aim of achieving energy savings, thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The energy efficiency
18 http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=442&type=NSSO (1997)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=448&type=NSSO (1998)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=454&type=NSSO (1999-2000)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=476&type=NSSO (2000-01)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=484&type=NSSO (2002)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=490&type=NSSO (2003)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=509_P1&type=NSSO (2004-05)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=523&type=NSSO (2005-06)
http://mospi.nic.in/rept%20_%20pubn/ftest.asp?rept_id=527&type=nsso (2006-07)
http://mospi.nic.in/Mospi_New/upload/530_final.pdf (2007-08)
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 19
project activities aims to achieve thermal energy savings at a scale of no more than 60 gigawatt hours per
year.
The additionality is demonstrated based on the Micro-scale CDM project activities approach using the
“Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of micro scale project activities” Version 03, EB 63,
Annex 23.
The project activity falls under the category– Type II, Energy Efficiency Project Activity
As per Para 3 Applicability Condition:
Energy efficiency project activities19
that aim to achieve energy savings at a scale of no more than 20
gigawatt hours per year are additional if any one of the conditions below is satisfied:
(a) The geographic location of the project activity is in an LDC/SIDS or special underdeveloped zone of
the host country identified by the government before 28 May 2010;
(b) The project activity is an energy efficiency activity with both conditions (i) and (ii) below satisfied:
(i) Each of the independent subsystems/measures in the project activity achieves an estimated
annual energy savings equal to or smaller than 600 megawatt hours;
(ii) End users of the subsystems or measures are households/communities/SMEs.
Project Case:
The project activity is implementation of improved cook stoves in 4,500 households. The project
activity falls under Type II project activity, methodology II.G, which is an energy efficiency
technology.
The project activity fulfils the condition (b) of Para 3 Applicability condition as follows:
The project activity involves implementation of improved cook stove in 4500 households. Each of the
household will be given 2 single pot improved cook stoves CHULIKA to meet the cooking and heating
water needs of the family.
The independent 2 CHULIKA unit per family in the project activity has an annual thermal energy
savings of 0.0127 GWhth or 12.719 MWhth (kindly see section B.2. for rating each of the unit) and thus
smaller than 1800 MWhth (600 MWh (installed electrical capacity) x 3 = 1800 MWth).
The end users of each of the improved cook stove units are individual households.
Thus, Para 3, condition (b) of the “Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of micro-scale project
activities”, Version 03, Annex 23, EB 63 is satisfied by the project activity.
As per Para 8, Applicability Condition:
19
All technologies/measures included in approved Type II small-scale CDM methodologies are eligible to be
considered. Further, the Board at its fifty-seventh meeting clarified that all CDM project activities that meet the
criteria specified in the guidelines are eligible to apply the guidelines irrespective of the scale of the approved
CDM methodology applied to the project.
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CDM – Executive Board Page 20
The eligibility of project activities as micro-scale CDM project activities will be determined in
accordance with the principles laid out in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 of the General Guidelines to
SSC CDM methodologies. (Version 16 or its update), i.e.:
(a) Project activities remain under the thresholds defined above during each year of the
crediting period and in cases where ex ante projected emissions reductions show an increase
during the crediting period; project activities that go beyond the micro-scale limits in any year
of the crediting period are not eligible;
(b) Renewable energy projects that produce electrical, thermal and mechanical energy, and
cogeneration projects are covered. Definitions provided for output capacity and guidelines
provided for conversion from electrical to thermal units in the most recent version of General
Guidelines to SSC CDM methodologies shall be used. Where applicable, additional guidelines
provided in relevant methodologies shall be followed, e.g. eligibility of cogeneration projects as
currently defined in AMS-I C;
(c) A project activity with more than one component, where each component meets the micro-
scale threshold, is eligible. The sum of the size of components of a project activity belonging to
the same type (capacity for Type I, energy savings for Type II and emission reductions for Type
III) shall not exceed the limits for micro-scale project activities (e.g. the limit for the methane
recovery component is 20 ktCO2e/yr and the limit for the electricity production component is 5
MW output capacity).
Project Case:
(a) The project activity will remain under the thresholds of 60 GWhth installed capacity during each year of
the crediting period as the installed capacity of the project activity is 57.24 GWhth as shown in section B.1.
(b) The project activity produces thermal energy and hence covered under micro-scale project activity.
According to the micro-scale guidelines, where applicable, additional guidelines provided in relevant
methodologies shall be followed. As shown in section B.2, guidelines provided by the methodology II.G is
followed as shown below and is thus eligible.
This project is applicable as per the definition in the Annex B of the simplified methodologies for
selected small-scale CDM project activity categories, Type II.G. Energy efficiency measures in thermal
applications of non-renewable biomass; Version 03; EB 60.
o This category comprises appliances involving efficiency improvements in the thermal
applications of non-renewable biomass. The project activity is introduction of CHULIKA,
a high efficiency biomass fired cook stoves at household level for cooking and water
heating with a thermal efficiency of 0.4029. In the baseline, inefficient cook stoves are
being used with an efficiency of 0.10.
o The communities are using non-renewable biomass since 31st December 1989. A study was
conducted by Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment and Forests during 1987 to
assess the wood consumption in Kolar district. Chickballapur district was part of the
erstwhile Kolar district during 1987. Based on the study, the fuel wood requirement in
1987 was 8 lakh tonnes/annum against the production of 0.31 lakh tonnes. Thus, the non-
renewable biomass (fNRB) in 1987 was 96%. Hence, the communities were using non-
renewable biomass since 31st December 1989.
(c) The project activity has only one component Type II that meets the micro-scale threshold.
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According to Para 9, micro-scale CDM project activities shall apply the Guidelines on the demonstration
and assessment of prior consideration of the CDM. (EB 57, paragraph 12).
The project activity is conceived as a CDM project, wherein the improved cook stoves will be disseminated
only after successful CDM registration. CDM revenues are indispensible for the project activity.
For the proposed project activity, the evidence to support awareness of the CDM prior to the project
activity start date, and that the benefits of the CDM were a decisive factor in the decision to proceed with
the project is the board resolution dated 5th February 2012 in which Bagepalli Coolie Sangha has decided to
implement the project activity considering CDM revenue.
The project schedule is as follows:
Sl No. Chronicle of Events Dates
1. Board Resolution of Bagepalli Coolie Sangha to take up CDM
project activity 5
th February 2012
2. Stakeholders’ Meetings 10th March 2012
3. Submission of “Prior Consideration of the CDM Form” to
UNFCCC and DNA 14
th March 2012
4. Likely start date of distribution of CHULIKA after CDM
registration, and arrange finances 1
st January 2013
Thus, the start date of the project activity is much after the PDD is submitted, project registered as a Gold
Standard CDM project activity.
According to Para 10, micro-scale CDM project activities shall demonstrate that they are not a
debundled component of a small-scale (SSC) CDM project activity by applying the criteria in the
Guidelines on assessment of debundling for SSC project activities., for example by suitably considering
micro-scale thresholds in the place of SSC thresholds (EB 62, Para 48).
Applying micro-scale thresholds in place of SSC thresholds, a proposed micro-scale project activity shall
be deemed to be a debundled component of a small scale project activity if there is a registered micro-scale
CDM project activity or an application to register another micro-scale CDM project activity:
(a) With the same project participants;
(b) In the same project category and technology/measure; and
(c) Registered within the previous 2 years; and
(d) Whose project boundary is within 1 km of the project boundary of the proposed small- scale
activity at the closest point.
Bagepalli Coolie Sangha (BCS) does not have CDM projects registered in the same project category and
technology.
The only registered CDM project of the Project Proponent is Project 2591: Biogas CDM Project of
Bagepalli Coolie Sangha, which is under a different technology (Type – I, Renewable Energy). The small
scale project activity is implementation of 18,000 biogas units in Chickballapur district.
Thus, the micro scale project is not a debundled component of a small scale project activity.
From the above analysis it can be concluded that the additionality of the project activity is justifiable since
the project activity meets all the applicability conditions as discussed above.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 22
Thus, based on “Guidelines for demonstrating additionality of micro scale project activities”
Version 03, EB 63, Annex 23, the project activity proves to be additional.
B.6. Emission reductions
B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices
According to the methodology, Para 5, the specific equations for calculations of Baseline emissions, Project
emissions or Leakage is not provided, but only for emissions reductions.
Emission Reductions (tCO2) = Baseline Emissions – Project Activity Emission – Leakage
Baseline Emissions
The parameters and values for baseline emissions are explained in Section B.4. The emission reductions are
calculated as follows:
Emission Reductions
ERy = By,savings * fNRB,y * NCVbiomass * EFprojected_fossilfuel
Where:
ERy Emission reductions during the year y in tCO2e
By,savings Quantity of woody biomass that is saved in tonnes (3.05 t/family)
fNRB,y Fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity in year y that can be
established as non-renewable biomass (0.95)
NCV biomass Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass that is substituted (IPCC
default for wood fuel, 0.015 TJ/tonne)
EFprojected_fossilfuel Emission factor for the substitution of non-renewable woody biomass by similar
consumers. (81.6 tCO2/TJ )
Project Emissions
According to the methodology, there are no project emissions.
Leakage
According to the methodology
1. Leakage related to the non-renewable woody biomass saved by the project activity shall be assessed
based on ex post surveys of users and the areas from which this woody biomass is sourced (using 90/30
precision for a selection of samples). The following potential source of leakage shall be considered:
(a) The use/diversion of non-renewable woody biomass saved under the project activity by
non-project households/users that previously used renewable energy sources. If this
leakage assessment quantifies an increase in the use of non-renewable woody biomass
used by the non-project households/users, that is attributable to the project activity, then
Bold is adjusted to account for the quantified leakage.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 23
(b) Alternatively, oldB is multiplied by a net to gross adjustment factor of 0.95 to account
for leakages, in which case surveys are not required.
If equipment currently being utilised is transferred from outside the boundary to the project activity,
leakage is to be considered.
There will be no transfer of equipment currently utilized from outside the project boundary to the project
activity.
Based on the methodology, Bold will be multiplied by a net to gross adjustment factor of 0.95 to account for
leakages, in which case surveys will not required.
B.6.2. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
Data / Parameter Bold
Unit t/family/yr
Description Quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project activity in
tonnes
Source of data Baseline survey for per capita fuelwood consumption; adult equivalent per
family from a survey in the project area.
Based on these two sources of data, Bold has been calculated as per capita
woody biomass consumption x 365 days x adult equivalent/family for the
project area.
Value(s) applied 4.06 t/family/yr
Choice of data
or
Measurement methods
and procedures
A baseline survey was conducted in the project area among Bagepalli Coolie
Sangha families during February-March 2012 (see Annex 3 for details). The
survey shows that the per capita consumption is 2.58 kgs/capita/day. A
study conducted by Ramachandra, 200720
for the region shows that the daily
wood consumption for cooking and water heating is 2.87 kg/capita/day (1.02
and 1.85 kg/capita/day for cooking and water heating respectively). This
takes into account the variation in consumption due to seasonal
consumption. The survey result shows a lower consumption rate compared
to Ramachandra study as it does not consider seasonal variation and the
survey was conducted during summer. To be conservative, 2.58
kg/capita/day is considered for the project area, which is used for emission
reduction calculations. The adult equivalent per family in the project area is
4.32 (see Annex 3 for details). Thus, the annual consumption of biomass per
family is 2.58 kg/capita/day x 365 days x 4.32 adult equivalent/family =
4.06 t/household/yr or t/appliance/yr.
Purpose of data To estimate the emission reductions from the project activity
Additional comment This parameter is fixed for the entire crediting period
20 Ramachandra, T.V., 2007. Geospatial Mapping of Bioenergy Potential in Karnataka, India. Journal of Energy &
Environment, Vol 6, May 2007
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 24
Data / Parameter fNRB,y
Unit
Description Fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity in year y that can
be established as non-renewable biomass
Source of data Determined using nationally approved method using government data and
data from peer reviewed journals.
Value(s) applied 0.95
Choice of data
or
Measurement methods
and procedures
A national study was conducted by the Forest Survey of India, Ministry of
Environment and Forests, Government of India to assess the woody biomass
demand and availability at the state and national level. According to the
study, the total fuel wood consumption for Karnataka state is 20.967 Mt.
Fuel wood production from forests and from trees outside Forests account
for 0.03 Mt and 0.907 Mt respectively. Therefore the total fuel wood
production of DRB component is 0.937 Mt. Thus, the NRB component of
fuel wood consumption is 20.03 Mt. This accounts for an fNRB of 0.95.
Purpose of data The data is determine the non-renewable biomass used as fuelwood in the
project area. The data is used to calculate the emission reductions from the
project activity
Additional comment This parameter is fixed for the entire crediting period.
B.6.3. Ex-ante calculation of emission reductions
Emission Reductions (tCO2) = Baseline Emissions – Project Activity Emission – Leakage
According to the methodology, Para 5, the specific equations for calculations of Baseline emissions, Project
emissions or Leakage is not provided, but only for emissions reductions.
Baseline Emissions
The parameters and values for baseline emissions are explained in Section B.4. The parameters for
emission reduction calculations are as follows:
Parameters Value Source of data
Fuel wood Consumption
(t/family/yr) 4.06
2.58 t/capita/day (Baseline Survey) x 365 days x 4.32
(adult equivalent/family from baseline survey)
fNRB 0.95 FSI, 2011
ɳold 0.1 II.G methodology
ɳnew 0.4029 Laboratory Certificate
By,savings 3.05 Calculated
NCVbiomass 0.015 Methodology II.G
EFprojected_fossilfuel 81.6 Methodology II.G
Emission Reductions
ERy = By,savings * fNRB,y * NCVbiomass * EFprojected_fossilfuel
ERy = 3.05 t/family/yr x 0.95 x 0.015 TJ/t x 81.6 tCO2/TJ
ERy = 3.54 tCO2/family/yr
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 25
For 4,500 households,
ERy = 3.54 tCO2/family/yr x 4,500 households = 15,930 tCO2 /year
Project Emissions
According to the methodology, there are no project emissions.
Leakage
According to the methodology
2. Leakage related to the non-renewable woody biomass saved by the project activity shall be assessed
based on ex post surveys of users and the areas from which this woody biomass is sourced (using 90/30
precision for a selection of samples). The following potential source of leakage shall be considered:
(c) The use/diversion of non-renewable woody biomass saved under the project activity by
non-project households/users that previously used renewable energy sources. If this
leakage assessment quantifies an increase in the use of non-renewable woody biomass
used by the non-project households/users, that is attributable to the project activity, then
Bold is adjusted to account for the quantified leakage.
(d) Alternatively, oldB is multiplied by a net to gross adjustment factor of 0.95 to account
for leakages, in which case surveys are not required.
If equipment currently being utilised is transferred from outside the boundary to the project activity,
leakage is to be considered.
There will be no transfer of equipment currently utilized from outside the project boundary to the project
activity.
Based on the methodology, Bold will be multiplied by a net to gross adjustment factor of 0.95 to account for
leakages, in which case surveys will not required.
Thus, Bold is considered as 4.06 x 0.95 = 3.86 t/family/yr taking into account leakage factor. Thus, survey
will not be conducted to account for leakage.
According to the methodology, Version 3, after considering leakage, the emission reduction calculations are
as follows:
Activity Data Value
Bold (t/family/yr) 4.06
Bold adjusted for leakage (Bold x 0.95) (t/family/yr) 3.86
ɳold 0.10
ɳnew 0.4029
By,savings (t/family/yr) 2.90
fNRBy 0.95
NCVbiomass (TJ/tonne) 0.015
EFprojected_fossilfuel (tCO2/TJ) 81.6
ERy (tCO2/yr) 3.37
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM – Executive Board Page 26
ERs generated/HH 3.37
ER generated for the project activity (4,500 HHs) 15,165
Ex-post calculation of emission reductions, for each year:
ERy = By,savings * fNRB,y * NCVbiomass * EFprojected_fossilfuel
Where:
ERy Emission reductions during the year y in tCO2e
By,savings Quantity of woody biomass that is saved in tonnes (3.05 t/family)
fNRB,y Fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity in year y that can be
established as non-renewable biomass (0.95)
NCV biomass Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass that is substituted (IPCC
default for wood fuel, 0.015 TJ/tonne)
EFprojected_fossilfuel Emission factor for the substitution of non-renewable woody biomass by similar
consumers. (81.6 tCO2/TJ )
Calculations of biomass savings (By,savings)
n
i new
oldiyyoldsavingsy NLBB
1
,, )1.(..
Where:
Bold Quantity of woody biomass used in the absence of the project activity in tonnes [4.06
t/family(two 1 pot)/yr fixed throughout the crediting period]
ηold Efficiency of the baseline system/s being replaced (0.10 fixed for the entire crediting
period)
ηnew Efficiency of the system being deployed as part of the project activity (fraction) as
determined using the Water Boiling Test protocol.
Ly Leakage Factor determined for the year y. This is fixed for the entire crediting period
(0.95).
Ny,i Appliance operating per year and vintage
Number of appliances operating per year (Ny,j)
iyN
j
jyjyiy tnN,
1
,,, .
Where:
ny,j = Appliance operating per year and vintage
ty,j = Fraction of operating time per household (appliance(s)) per vintage
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B.6.4. Summary of ex-ante estimates of emission reductions
Year
Baseline
emissions
(tCO2 e)
Project emissions
(tCO2 e)
Leakage
(tCO2 e)
Emission
reductions
(tCO2 e)
2013 15,930 0 765 15,165
2014 15,930 0 765 15,165
2015 15,930 0 765 15,165
2016 15,930 0 765 15,165
2017 15,930 0 765 15,165
2018 15,930 0 765 15,165
2019 15,930 0 765 15,165
2020 15,930 0 765 15,165
2021 15,930 0 765 15,165
2022 15,930 0 765 15,165
Total 1,59,300 0 7,650 1,51,650
Total number of
crediting years
10
Annual
average over the
crediting period
15,930 0 765 15,165
B.7. Monitoring plan
According to AMS.II.G. Version 3:
Monitoring shall consist of checking the efficiency of all appliances or a representative sample thereof,
at least once every two years (biennial) to ensure that they are still operating at the specified efficiency
(ηnew) or replaced by an equivalent in service appliance. Where replacements are made, monitoring shall
also ensure that the efficiency of the new appliances is similar to the appliances being replaced.
Monitoring shall also consist of checking of all appliances or a representative sample thereof, at least
once every two years (biennial) to determine if they are still operating or are replaced by an equivalent
in service appliance.
Monitoring will consist of biennial check of CHULIKA disseminated to determine the share of appliances
that are still operating at the specified efficiency (ηnew). Where appliances are found to be operational but
with a changed efficiency the actual efficiency determined in monitoring will be applied to calculate
emission reductions.
o Water Boiling Test will be carried out biennially on representative three samples using the
standard testing protocol developed by IS Standard 13152 (Part I) On Solid Biomass
Chulha-Portable (Metallic) by the Bureau of Indian Standard. After two years, a two-year-
old stove will be tested; whereas after four years, a four-year-old stove will be tested. The
value obtained from the test will be used to calculate the emission reductions of the
systems for the years of operation till next tests will be conducted. Three stoves for the
vintage year will be tested for determining the efficiency. Thus, during the first two years,
40.29% will be the efficiency applied; during the third year, the efficiency determined will
be applicable for 3rd and 4
th year of operation and so on.
o The three stoves will be tested for a 95/5 precision (95% confidence interval and 5%
margin of error). In cases where the result indicates that 95/5 precision is not achieved, the
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lower bound of a 95% confidence interval of the parameter value will be chosen as an
alternative to repeating the survey efforts to achieve the 95/5 precision.
Monitoring will also consist of checking of all the appliances to determine if they are still operating or
replaced by an equivalent in service appliance.
o Where there is replacement of appliances, the replaced devices are considered with their
related efficiency as applicable. If the appliance is replaced with a higher efficiency
appliance, the same efficiency of the earlier appliance will be considered, to be
conservative. The procedures for monitoring the share of operational appliances and their
respective efficiency(ies) are described in section B.7.2.
Monitoring shall ensure that:
(a) Either the replaced low efficiency appliances are disposed off and not used within the
boundary or within the region; or
(b) If the baseline stoves usage continues, monitoring shall ensure that the wood fuel
consumption of those stoves is excluded from Bold in equation 2.
An End User Agreement between Bagepalli Coolie Sangha and the participating family will be signed
wherein the End User is willing to use “CHULIKA” instead of traditional stoves”. Furthermore, they
confirm that the traditional wood stove will not be used and will be disposed of. The CHULIKA stove will
be disseminated to the households only after they destroy the existing the 3-stone/mud stove used for
cooking. This will also be verified during regular spot checks. While the stoves are being repaired, if
baseline stove is being used, emission reductions are not accounted for those days.
B.7.1. Data and parameters to be monitored
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Data / Parameter No. of households in which CHULIKA appliances will be used
Unit Number
Description Total Number of Households to which CHULIKA appliances will be given
to the End Users after the project gets registered.
Source of data Monitoring Database/ End User Agreements
Value(s) applied 4,500
Measurement methods
and procedures
-The CHULIKA systems given to the End Users will be recorded in
monitoring database. -The End User will sign an End User Agreement with BCS, in which the
date of dissemination, the name of the user, Village, CSU number, Taluk,
District where the user is residing is noted, to irrefutably identify the user. -The CHULIKA has an identification number (Appliance-ID) which is also
noted in the End User Agreement. The information from the End User
Agreement will also be recorded in the monitoring database designed for
monitoring of the project activity. This will be maintained by BCS
throughout the crediting period.
Monitoring frequency Continuous ongoing process
QA/QC procedures -The database entries are made by the village volunteers. These entries will
be supervised by the CDM Coordinator.
-The database records and copies of the End User Agreement will be
maintained at the BCS office.
-The CDM Coordinator will check on the End User Agreements. In case of
inconsistencies, the Extension workers will take appropriate corrective
actions.
Purpose of data The emission reductions calculations will be done for only those days the
improved cook stoves are used. This will reduce the uncertainty of emission
reduction calculations.
Additional comment Though the methodology does not require continuous monitoring, the
monitoring will be rigorous. This will ensure timely repair and maintenance
of stoves and usage by the end users.
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Data / Parameter Start date of usage of appliances by the family
Unit dd/mm/yy
Description The start date of usage of CHULIKA by each of the households.
Source of data Monitoring database of BCS
Value(s) applied After 01/01/2013.
After registration of the project activity and procuring carbon revenue.
Measurement methods
and procedures
-For each CHULIKA appliance that has been disseminated to the
communities, the information will be recorded in the End User Agreement
and also stored electronically in the monitoring database along with
identification number of the appliance and the type.
-The End User Agreement will be signed with the Participating Family
approximately one week after satisfactory functioning of CHULIKA in their
homes.
Monitoring frequency Continuous ongoing process till all the appliances is implemented under the
project activity.
QA/QC procedures Data will be collected from the End User Agreement, tallied with the time of
stock arrival and dissemination. The data will be stored for the crediting
period of the project activity and an additional two years.
Purpose of data To accurately calculate emission reductions from the date of use by the end
user.
Additional comment
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Data / Parameter ηnew
Unit
Description Efficiency of CHULIKA
Source of data Water-Boiling Test for every 2 years once in operation.
Value(s) applied 0.4029
Measurement methods
and procedures
Water Boiling Test will be carried biennially on 3 representative samples
using the standard testing protocol developed by IS Standard 13152. After
two years, a two-year-old stove will be tested; whereas after four-years, a
four-year-old stove will be tested. The value obtained from the test will be
used to calculate the emission reductions of the systems for that year of
operation. At least 3 CHULIKA stoves from the first vintage, i.e. sold since
the project start date until the end of the first monitoring period will be tested
biennially. Three stoves for the vintage year will be tested for determining
the efficiency. Thus, during the first two years, 40.29% will be the efficiency
applied; during the third year, the efficiency determined will be applicable
for 3rd
and 4th year of operation and so on. The scenarios for change in the
efficiencies of CHULIKA during the crediting period would be a lower
efficiency of 25% and higher efficiency of 40.29%. The stoves will be
obtained from frequent users who use it at least 2 times a day. The mean
value of the three tests will be taken. It will be tested for 95/5 precision
(95% confidence interval and 5% margin of error). In cases where the result
indicates that 95/5 precision is not achieved, the lower bound of a 95%
confidence interval of the parameter value will be chosen as an alternative to
repeating the survey efforts to achieve the 95/5 precision.
Monitoring frequency Once in two years
QA/QC procedures The CHULIKA is an industrial product with constant quality. To confirm
the quality, the efficiency of CHULIKA appliance will be measured by
repeating the Water Boiling Test biennially.
Purpose of data To determine the efficiency of Chulika implemented in the project activity.
The efficiency as determined will be used to estimate emission reductions.
Additional comment The tests will be supervised by the CDM Coordinator.
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Data / Parameter Non-usage of CHULIKA
Unit Days
Description Usage of non-renewable biomass in case of non-performance of CHULIKA
Source of data The days not used for each of the appliance at the village level will be
maintained on the digitized monitoring database.
Value(s) applied Dependent on the number of days CHULIKA are under repair
Measurement methods
and procedures
As and when CHULIKA is not functional, the End Users will report to the
village volunteer, who in turn will inform the field worker/ maintenance team
member for repair of the unit. A log book will be maintained for the reason
of non-functioning and number of days under repair.
Monitoring frequency Continuous ongoing process
QA/QC procedures Though the methodology does not require continuous monitoring, the
monitoring will be rigorous. This will ensure timely repair and maintenance
of stoves and usage by the end users.
Purpose of data Emission reductions will be reduced for the non-functional days of the units.
Additional comment
Data / Parameter Operation days of CHULIKA
Unit Number
Description No. of days in a year CHULIKA will be operational
Source of data Monitoring database
Value(s) applied 365 days
Measurement methods
and procedures
A CHULIKA starts to generate emission reductions once it is disseminated
to the household and the user signs the End User Agreement. The appliance
generates emission reductions only after a week of installation and becoming
fully operational.
The number of days a stove is in operation in the year will be determined
after deducting the days of non-usage.
Monitoring frequency Ongoing continuous process
QA/QC procedures The copy (paper and electronic) of the users will be maintained at the BCS
office on a monthly basis. The CDM Coordinator will cross check the
database entries and take corrective measures for any errors. They will
suggest and comment on appropriate corrective measures if needed.
Purpose of data The emission reduction will be calculated only for days the Chulika is used.
This is determined from the data of non-usage days.
Additional comment The coolie Sangha at the village level meets once in a week to discuss coolie
Sangha activities. The activity of stove monitoring will be done with the
existing institutional structure.
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Data / Parameter Number of improved cook stoves that would get replaced during the
crediting period
Unit Number
Description If the stove is damaged and cannot be repaired, the stove will be replaced by
another CHULIKA.
Source of data Monitoring database
Value(s) applied Will vary from year to year
Measurement methods
and procedures
- In case the replacement of CHULIKA within the household is necessary,
e.g. due to damage, the household will receive a new CHULIKA with a
corresponding new identification number (Appliance ID).
- The End User Agreement will be amended, where the new number is noted
and updated on the monitoring database.
Monitoring frequency Ongoing process. As and when Chulika is replaced in the household.
QA/QC procedures A copy of the old End User Agreement will be stapled with the new amended
one, and the same will be updated on the monitoring database. The last date
of use of the old CHULIKA will be recorded.
Purpose of data To triangulate the data in the end user agreement, monitoring solution and at
the home of the end user.
Additional comment
Data / Parameter The traditional cook stove are disposed/not used in the households in
which CHULIKA is implemented
Unit Numbers
Description The low efficient traditional cook stoves are disposed off during the
implementation of the project activity. In subsequent years, they will not be
used in the households in which CHULIKA is implemented.
Source of data Monitoring solution of BCS
Value(s) applied 4,500
Measurement methods
and procedures
- The traditional cook stoves are disposed off after which the end user
agreement will be signed.
- The non-usage of traditional cook stove is for the days the Chulika is used.
- The non-usage of Chulika due to repairs will determine the days the
traditional cook stoves are used after implementation. This will be captured
from the monitoring solution.
Monitoring frequency Continuous ongoing process
QA/QC procedures -The database entries are made by village volunteers. These entries will be
supervised by the CDM Coordinator.
Purpose of data - If the baseline stoves usage continues, monitoring shall ensure that the
wood fuel consumption of those stoves is excluded from By in equation 3 of
the methodology.
Additional comment This reduces the uncertainty of emission reduction calculations for the
project activity.
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B.7.2. Sampling plan
According to the methodology, the various monitoring parameters are as follows:
(i) Checking the efficiency of all appliances or a representative sample thereof at least once every two
years that they are still operating at specified efficiency.
(ii) Check of all appliances or representative sample thereof at least once every two years to determine
if they are still operating or are replaced by an equivalent in service appliance.
(iii) Leakage of non-renewable biomass
(iv) The replaced low efficiency appliance are disposed off and not used with the boundary or within
the region
(v) If baseline stoves continue to be used, monitoring shall ensure that the fuelwood consumption of
these stoves is excluded from Bold.
As described in B.7.1 and elaborated in B.7.3., parameters (ii), (iv) and (v) described above will be
monitoring continuously by village volunteers for all the 4,500 households. For parameter (iii) accounting
for leakage, Bold will be multiplied by a net to gross adjustment factor of 0.95 to account for leakages.
Hence surveys for determining leakage will not be conducted. Thus there is no specific sampling plan
required for monitoring these parameters.
For parameter (i), as specified in the methodology, a statistically valid sample of the location where the
systems are deployed with consideration in the sampling design of occupancy and demographics differences
can be used to determine the parameter value used to determine emission reductions as per the relevant
requirements for sampling. As described in Annex 3, there are no differences in demographics of 5 Taluks
in which the project will be implemented. The end users are Bagepalli Coolie Sangha members with similar
socio-economic status being landless or marginal farmers. Thus the project boundary is treated as one
stratum for sampling. Biennial (two years once), stoves will be testing for checking the efficiency of
sample appliances using the national standard for improved cook stoves. Thus, a 95% confidence interval
and a 5% margin of error requirement shall be achieved for the sampling parameter. Thus biennially, three
stoves will be tested for a 95/5 confidence/precision level. In cases where the result indicates that 95/5
precision is not achieved, the lower bound of a 95% confidence interval of the parameter value will be
chosen as an alternative to repeating the survey efforts to achieve the 95/5 precision.
B.7.3. Other elements of monitoring plan
I. Implementation plan
The proposed project will be implemented after CDM registration. 2 Chulika stoves will be given to each of
4,500 participating households. Within 6 months of registration, all 4,500 families will be covered.
End User women are members of the Bagepalli Coolie Sangha and Mahila (women’s) Meetings in their
respective villages. Mahila Meetings are meetings of one woman from each Coolie Sangha Member
household. For the past 34 years, they are regularly conducted on a fixed day every week with 70%
regularity. Women discuss their practical and strategic gender needs and find solutions. These include
reproductive health, petty credit, schooling of their children, special emphasis on the girl child, domestic
violence, property rights, day to day problems in gathering fuel and water, etc.
Before the stoves are given, every single End User woman will be trained on proper sizing of firewood and
use of stoves. A week or 10 days after installation, the Mahila Meetings will ensure that traditional stoves
are completely removed and all cooking are done using the Chulika stoves.
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Once satisfied, they will sign End User Agreements. Monitoring will commence from that day onward and
emission reductions will be calculated from that date – i.e. after End Users have completely stopped using
and dismantled traditional stoves in their homes.
Following is the monitoring strategy which will be followed to ensure that the usage of the Chulika is
maximized and that the project’s carbon emission reduction targets are adhered to.
II. Project Team
The project Woodstoves CDM will be implemented with 2 types of secondary stakeholders:
1. Exclusive and dedicated CDM Team comprising of a CDM Coordinator, a Desk Worker to maintain
the database, Maintenance staff at each Taluk to repair/replace Chulika stoves, Village Volunteers, and
2. The NGO, ADATS Field Staff and Coolie Sangha functionaries
1.1. CDM Coordinator
The Bagepalli Coolie Sangha will appoint a CDM Coordinator whose role and responsibility will be to:
Coordinate the CDM Team, ADATS Field Staff and Coolie Sangha functionaries in order to
ensure smooth implementation, maintenance and monitoring of the Project
Ensure that carbon emission reduction targets are met
Liaise with the CDM Consultant, DNA, DoE, Chulika stove manufacturer, and other external
stakeholders
Ensure that the online database is regularly updated and share real time Reports generated by the
Woodstoves Monitoring Solution
Fulfil statutory requirements arising from the implementation of a CDM Project
1.2. Desk Worker
The Desk Worker will be responsible for all database related matters:
Ensure that the online monitoring solution works smoothly, and constantly updated by software
programmers to meet Project needs
Assist CDM Team and resolve issues pertaining to data entry and software usage
Coordinate with the software programmers to constantly develop/improve the quality of analytical
and real time Reports
1.3. Maintenance Team
A maintenance team will be constituted for each Taluk to work in very close coordination with the Village
Volunteers who will be:
Trained by the Chulika manufacture in minor repairs and given the necessary tools for the same.
Have a ready stock of extra Chulika stoves at each Taluk headquarter in order to temporarily and
permanently replace them and ensure that the number of days lost to non-usage are kept to a bare
minimum
Maintain a Stock Register of inventory, which will be checked periodically by the CDM
Coordinator
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1.4. Village Volunteers
At each of the village, the Coolie Sangha has Village Health Workers and Balakendra teachers who act as
leaders of the Mahila Meetings. In this sense, even though they receive a nominal amount from their
respective village CSUs, they are more functionaries than Staff. They will be in constant and intimate
contact with all End User women in their respective villages.
The Mahila Meetings will entrust one of these 2 functionaries to monitor Woodstoves usage on a daily
basis:
Record non-usage date and reason for each End User household in the “Breakdown Monitoring
Book” maintained at village level.
Attempt to fix minor problems where possible, and/or immediately report the Problem to the
Maintenance Team by mobile phone
Record date when the problem was fixed, how and by whom
Attend a full day monthly meeting at their respective Taluk headquarters to interact with the CDM
Team, share experiences, and enter recorded information from their “Breakdown Monitoring
Book” into the online Woodstoves Monitoring Solution
Explore ways and means to widen involvement of BCS with the practical gender needs of Coolie
women, using this Woodstoves CDM Project as a springboard
2.1. ADATS Staff of 5 Extension Workers, 16 Field Workers and 16 Mahila Trainers
ADATS has 5 Extension Workers, one in each Taluk. They are senior Staff with overall time-target
responsibility for all physical activities implemented by ADATS and the Coolie Sangha. This Woodstoves
CDM Project will be no exception.
While the Extension Workers will not take any direct line responsibility, they will do all things necessary to
ensure that 4,500 End User women are satisfied at all times. This will include:
Solve problems that arise during selection of End Users and project implementation
Impress upon women that this is a pro-poor CDM Project where women operate technologies that
leads to emission reduction and they are the actual End Users of the project activity
Share overall project financials in a totally open, exception free and understandable manner
Oversee the timely and efficient functioning of the CDM Team, especially the Maintenance Team
Hear grievances, pass on the information to the CDM Team, and ensure that they are speedily
solved
Discuss real time Progress Reports with Coolie Sangha Member families in Cluster/Gram
Panchayat meetings and take positions on the overall direction in which the CDM Project is
progressing
Attend monthly meetings of Village Volunteers and assist in solving practical bottlenecks with
regard to village level problems, transferring information from their “Breakdown Monitoring
Books” into the digitized monitoring solution
III. Governance
The governance of the project will be undertaken by the Bagepalli Coolie Sangha in consultation with
ADATS, the NGO. These CSUs have the responsibility for managing the village funds, providing
leadership and managing a variety of local development activities for the coolie Sangha families. Their
tasks for this project will include:
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Set up and monitor the performance at the village level.
Review the monthly progress reports of ICS non-usage and their reasons, and resulting emission
reductions
Dialogue with the households not adhering with the terms of end users agreement, and resolve
conflicts, if any
Assist in identifying new households in the case of drop-outs due to the migration or non-adherence
Undertake random checks with the village level monitoring system and project staff as part of audit
team
IV. Monitoring Strategy
The monitoring strategy is focused on the two main monitoring requirements: tracking usage of
Improved Cook Stove, and tracking slippage to old traditional mud/brick cook stoves.
Tracking usage of Improved Cook Stoves
This primarily means tracking that the given ICS are being used regularly by the participating
households. The monitoring of the usage will be done through following process:
The appliance codes will be fed into the digitised monitoring software against each End User
family.
The date on which the complete shift on ICS happens will be recorded as the Commissioning Date.
At the village level, “Breakdown Monitoring Books” will be maintained in which the dates when
the ICS is not used with reasons, date when the problem is solved, by whom, etc. will be recorded.
These “Breakdown Monitoring Book” will be designed in a simple manner that can easily be
maintained by young neo-literate women – Village Volunteers. This will be done using existing
systems and procedures that are in place, in every single village, for the past 34 years.
Information from these “Breakdown Monitoring Book” will be transferred into the digitized
monitoring solution once a month, every month.
Live data will automatically generate real time and analytical Reports which will be used by all
Secondary Staff.
Tracking non-slippage to traditional stoves
Maintenance of improved stoves is an important aspect of ensuring non-slippage to old stoves. The
monitoring strategy for non-slippage and the maintenance strategy in case of breakdown are as follows:
End User Agreements will be signed a week to 10 days after satisfactory use of the ICS. These
Agreements will clearly define roles and responsibilities in terms of implementation and monitoring
of the CDM project. Before signing the agreement, it will be ensured that the households have
dismantled their traditional stoves and completely shifted to ICS.
During installation, End User households will be explained the significance of non-usage in terms
of loss of Emission Reductions. They will be asked to immediately inform the Village Volunteer in
case of problems of damage or non-functioning.
During the household visits/Mahila meetings or otherwise, if any ICS is found not functioning or
functioning improperly, the Village Volunteer will first try to fix any minor problem by herself.
Failing which, she will immediately inform the Maintenance Team and arrange for a temporary
replacement. In either case, the problem description and date it occurred will be recorded in the
“Breakdown Monitoring Book”.
The Maintenance Team will immediately arrange for a replacement from the additional stock kept
at each taluk.
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When visiting the village to either make a repair or replacement, the Maintenance Team will make
a note of component(s) used or total replacement in both, their own Stock records as well as the
“Breakdown Monitoring Book”.
If the damage is due to a manufacturing defect the CDM Coordinator will enforce the warranty
agreement with the manufacturer.
In case of full replacement, the household will receive a new Improved Cook Stove with a
corresponding new appliance code. An addendum to End User Agreement will be made where the
new code is recorded.
In case an End User stops using the Chulika Stove, this will be known through a continuous
recording of non-usage in the “Breakdown Monitoring Book”. Such drop-outs will be replaced by
other households who are interested to participate in the CDM Project.
Features and Use of Monitoring Database
The data collected through monitoring processes will be entered on a monthly basis into a database
custom built for this project by Tristle Technologies Pvt. Ltd. This monitoring software will be
intuitive and easy to use by the field staff. The reports will track inventory from purchase to
installation and later the usage of stoves by End Users. The package also insists on recording supplier
information, the Appliance ID number of Chulika appliance, and accurately tracks the point to point
movement of stock. Even the destruction of stock through inadvertent breakage, etc. is tracked. The
knowledge of objective standards like number of installations, breakdowns, timely replacement, etc.
will be used to measure the project team’s performance. These, along with budget realizations, will
keep a wider audience constantly informed on progress and financial health. They will also give up-to-
date information on the volume of ERs generated. Verification data needed by DoE and auditors will
also be available readily through the software.
The monitoring software package will include the following datasets:
o Participating Families
o Implementation Progress (at all levels of Project Area-village, taluk)
o Budget Realization
o Monitoring
o Breakdown and Repairs
o Stakeholders
All monitored data required for verification and issuance will be kept for two years after the end of the
crediting period or the last issuance of CERs for the project activity, whichever occur later.
SECTION C. Duration and crediting period
C.1. Duration of project activity
C.1.1. Start date of project activity
01/01/2013 – Likely Start Date for implementation (distribution to the households) of Improved Cook
Stoves. The project will be implemented only after registration as a CDM project activity.
C.1.2. Expected operational lifetime of project activity
10y-0-m
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C.2. Crediting period of project activity
C.2.1. Type of crediting period
Fixed crediting period
C.2.2. Start date of crediting period
01/01/2013 or date that the DOE had submitted a complete request for registration, whichever is later.
C.2.3. Length of crediting period
10-y-0-m
SECTION D. Environmental impacts
D.1. Analysis of environmental impacts
The project activity does not fall under the purview of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
notification of the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, 200621
. Hence, it is not
required by the host party. The project does not lead to any adverse environmental effects. In fact, there are
positive impacts of the project in reduction of indoor air pollution; carbon monoxide and particulate
matter22
.
SECTION E. Local stakeholder consultation
E.1. Solicitation of comments from local stakeholders
The local stakeholders’ meeting was conducted based on Gold Standard guidelines. The stakeholder’s
meeting was conducted at ADATS Campus, Bagepalli, Karnataka, on 10th March 2012 between 11.00 -
14.00 hours.
Invitations were sent through letters, emails and personally to various categories of stakeholders to attend
the meeting. An agenda of the meeting and a non-technical summary was also provided. The agenda of the
meeting included discussion on the purpose of the consultation, description of the project activity,
demonstration of the improved cook stove, answering and clarification on the project activity, discussion of
the sustainable development checklists for the project and methods by which to monitor them. Pamphlets
about the project activity were also distributed in English and Kannada to the participants.
The meeting was attended by 437 members, which included the local communities, policy makers and
NGOs as shown below:
Category Male Female Total
Local People 150 279 429
Local Policy Makers 3 1 4
NGOs 2 2 4
Total 155 282 437
The stakeholders meeting invited local stakeholders’ comments as follows:
21 http://www.envfor.nic.in/legis/eia/so1533.pdf 22
Christoph A. Roden, et al., 2009. Laboratory and field investigations of particulate and carbon monoxide
emissions from traditional and improved cookstoves. Atmospheric Environment 43 (2009) 1170–1181.
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- During the meeting, any clarifications on the project activity were addressed.
- Evaluation forms were filled in by some of the stakeholders which allowed us to gain an overall
perspective of the stakeholders on the project activity.
- Written comments were invited from those who were not able to attend the meeting
- A public announcement was made through newspaper advertisement to attend the meeting.
The evaluation forms were analysed for the comments. The comments received during the meeting were
also recorded.
E.2. Summary of comments received
Based on the 96 evaluation forms filled in by the participants, a summary of their opinion on the project
activity were as follows:
Questions Responses
What is your opinion
on this meeting?
Meeting well conducted
Good participation by women
Good discussion on CDM processes
Women spoke openly
Awareness created about environment conservation
Meeting was a good opportunity to meet Coolie Sangha people from different
regions of the district
Good demonstration given on usage of Improved Cook stove
People using ICS shared their experiences and described its benefits
No comments
What did you like in
the project?
The project is beneficial to women
Time saved and ease in cooking
There will be improvement in health
Indoor smoke will be reduced
Reduced fuel wood consumption
Saves forests and reduces drudgery to women
Women will be decision makers as they receive the CER revenue
Cooking can be done anywhere in the house as the cook stove is easy to carry
around
Children can reach school in time as cooking time is less.
Coolie Sangha will be benefitted from the CER revenue added to the Sangha fund
No Comments
What do you dislike
in the project?
There is still little amount of smoke produced
Not very useful for big families
Non-Sangha families are left out in the project
ICS is a little expensive
No Comments
The stakeholders’ comments and explanation provided during the meeting were as follows:
Stakeholders’ comments Explanation
To cook, can a cooker be placed on CHULIKA? Yes, a cooker can be placed on the stove and used
to cook rice, dal, etc.
How large a vessel can be placed on the stove? A vessel which can cook upto 5 kgs can be placed
on the stove.
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How can the stove be lit? The stove can be lit without the use of kerosene. A
piece of paper can be lit and placed on wood to
ignite a fire.
What do we do, if the stove has to be repaired or
parts replaced?
In every village, the village health worker or the
balakendra teacher will be in charge of reporting
repair/replacement of the stoves to BCS. A
maintenance team will help in repairs or
replacement of stove parts/stove if required.
What is the cost of the stove and how much do we
have to pay?
The stove costs Rs. 1500-1600 and 2 stoves will
be given to each family. Under the CDM project,
the stove will be given to 4,500 households with
upfront carbon revenue. The women do not have to
pay for the stove.
Who are the End User families of the project
activity?
The End User families will be from the Bagepalli
Coolie Sangha. This project will be implemented
in coolie Sangha villages, wherein CDM biogas
project was implemented and were not recipient of
biogas units. The households are currently using
inefficient traditional cook stoves.
We are from the Gudibanda Taluk Coolie Sangha.
Since we do not have cattle, we could not benefit
from the BCS Biogas Project. Could you include
us in this project activity and give us improved
cookstoves?
Yes, we will include your Sangha in the project
activity.
As seen above, there were no negative comments received from any of the stakeholders during the
stakeholders’ meeting.
E.3. Report on consideration of comments received
There were no negative comments to consider any mitigation action for the project activity. All the
stakeholders were appreciative of the project activity. Demonstrations will be held in each of the village
before implementation of the project for proper usage of the stove to minimize smoke and gain maximum
efficiency.
Though the cost of Chulika is high compared to zero costs of traditional cook stove, Chulika will be given
free of cost to the coolie Sangha families after the registration of CDM project activity.
The municipal councillor wanted the same technology to be implemented in mofussil towns, as fuel wood
scarcity is a major issue.
SECTION F. Approval and authorization
- - - - -
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Appendix 1: Contact information of project participants
Organization Bagepalli Coolie Sangha
Street/P.O. Box
Building ADATS Campus
City Bagepalli
State/Region Karnataka
Postcode 561207
Country India
Telephone +91 (8150) 282375, 282376
Fax -
E-mail cooliesangha@gmail.com
Website http://www.adats.com/cs
Contact person
Title President
Salutation Mr.
Last name Venkatanarasappa
Middle name -
First name -
Department -
Mobile +91 (94489) 45247
Direct fax -
Direct tel. -
Personal e-mail -
Appendix 2: Affirmation regarding public funding
The funding will not result in a diversion of official development assistance to the project.
Appendix 3: Applicability of selected methodology
The applicability of selected methodology has been detailed in section B.2.
Appendix 4: Further background information on ex ante calculation of emission reductions
1. Project Description
The project activity is introduction of high efficiency biomass fired cook stoves at a household level for
cooking and heating water for bathing. In the baseline, inefficient cook stoves are being used for cooking
and heating water. The purpose of the project activity is to replace inefficient traditional cook stoves at a
household level with efficient fuel wood cook stove “CHULIKA” in a biomass deficient Chickballapur
District of Karnataka State in India. This district has greatly diminished biomass resources and the wood
demand far exceeds available renewable woody biomass. The Community based Organization (CBO)
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CDM – Executive Board Page 43
intends to disseminate Improved Cook Stoves (ICS) in 5 Tluks of Chickballapur District, Karnataka,
namely Bagepalli, Chickballapur, Chintamani, Gudibanda and Sidlaghatta.
The project will be implemented upon registration of the project as a CDM project activity, as the project
will be financed completely from carbon revenues.
2. Sampling Objective
The objective of sampling was to gather baseline information required for development of the CDM project
activity in 5 Taluks of Chickballapur District in Karnataka. The specific objectives were to:
(i) Collect background data relating to demographic, economic, gender aspects, etc.
(ii) The demographic survey includes the number family members per family and the average adult
equivalent per family. This parameter is to determine the mean quantity of woody biomass use per capita in
the baseline.
(ii) Collect information on appliances in use for cooking and heating, etc.
(iii) Estimate the mean annual fuel wood use per household for the crediting period, which is fixed ex-ante.
The purpose of sampling is to obtain unbiased and reliable estimates of the mean value of parameters used
in the calculations of GHG emission reductions.
3. Time frame
The sampling was done to understand the baseline situation in the project area and estimate parameter
values fixed ex-ante which is used for emission reduction calculations. Hence the survey was conducted
during February-March 2012.
4. Target Population
The target population for the project activity is as follows:
- Families belonging to the villages in which Coolie Sangha units (CSU) are formed and thereby
belong to the Bagepalli Coolie Sangha, the CBO.
- These families are from 5 Taluks of Chickballapur District, namely Bagepalli, Chickballapur,
Chintamani, Gudibanda and Sidlaghatta.
The Coolie Sangha is a 25 years’ old membership based people’s organization comprising of small and
poor peasant families (landed and landless agricultural labourers) who struggle to rid themselves of
exploitation and take control of their own lives in order to undertake grassroots planned developmental
activities. Bagepalli Collie Sangha has formed Coolie Sangha Units (CSU) at village level to work on
developmental issues. 38,615 small and poor peasant families have formed village level CSUs in 915
villages. The Coolie Sangha gives an identity and protection to its members and supports them in issues
and struggles aimed at their empowerment. The developmental activities taken up by BCS include
children's education, community and referral health, petty credit for Coolie women, activities to support
young widows and deserted women, a village level decentralized credit activity, agricultural development,
etc.
Based on the limit of micro scale project activity (energy savings below 60 GWhth), the target families is
4,500 families.
5. Sampling method
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The sampling method adopted is stratified random sampling. The sub-populations or strata are the 5
Taluks of Chickballapur district namely Bagepalli, Chickballapur, Chintamani, Gudibanda and
Sidlaghatta.
6. Sample size
The parameter of interest for sampling which is used for emission reduction calculation is fuel wood use
per family. The level of confidence/precision to determine the sample size is 90/10. The survey was
conducted for 4,484 coolie Sangha families, which is nearly 99% of the target family size.
7. Desired Precision/Expected Variance and Sample Size:
Sample survey was conducted to determine the above parameters. For reliability of sampling efforts, the
sample size was determined to give a confidence/precision of 90/10.
8. Sampling Frame
The sampling frame is from Coolie Sangha families which belong to the BCS. The CSU villages belong to
the 5 Taluks of Chickballapur district, namely Bagepalli, Chickballapur, Chintamani, Gudibanda and
Sidlaghatta. This is in agreement with the target population and sampling design wherein stratified random
sampling was conducted. A survey was conducted in February- March 2012 for 4484 households in 297
CSU villages falling under 73 Gram Panchayats and 5 Taluks namely Bagepalli, Chickballapur,
Chintamani, Gudibanda and Sidlaghatta of Chickballapur district. The details of the sampling frame are as
follows:
Taluk Gram Panchayat Village No. of
Households
Bagepalli Billur Billur MV 15
Upparlapalli 10
Chelur Byrappanapalli 21
Devaragudipalli Karkur 19
Gantamvaripalli Puttaparthi 31
Gorthapalli D. Kothapalli 13
Donnakonda 8
Egava D. Kothapalli 15
G. Cherulopalli 18
Jeekavanlapalli 8
Sajjapalli HC 13
Sajjapalli MV 12
Sreerampura 8
Gulur Koigutta Thanda 22
Saddapalli 16
Saddapalli Digava
Thanda
12
Saddapalli Egava Thanda 18
Julapalya Bandolapalli 21
Bommasandra 12
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Kuntlapalli 10
Marapagaripalli 15
Nadimpalli 7
Paipalya-A 11
Paipalya-B 17
Polanayakanapalli HC 12
Polanayakanapalli MV 24
Poolakuntlapalli 8
Vadigiri 10
Vasapparalapalli 17
Kanagamakalapalli Arigepalli 4
Burugumadagu 20
Buttavarapalli 4
Hanumantharayanapalli 19
Kanagamakalapalli 21
Kempaiah Thanda 7
Kodipalli 21
Kothakota 3
Merupalli 12
Muguchinnapalli 6
Nadimpalli 8
Nallamallepalli 11
Papnepalli 2
Pillagutta 4
Utigundi Thanda 22
Vanaganapalli 12
Vardaiagaripalli 13
Kothakota Honnampalli 10
Kothakota 7
Kothapalli 2
Maddakavaripalli 6
Madepalli 9
Pesalaparthi HC 14
Marganakunta Maraganakunte HC 32
Maraganakunte MV-A 19
Maraganakunte MV-B 23
Narayanaswamykote 4
Pichilavarapalli 33
Pokamakalapalli 12
Shastrolapalli 10
Mittemari Chinnampalli 2
Chinnarapalli 14
Gubbolapalli 4
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Gwallapalli 5
Malligurki 6
Mittemari A 17
Mittemari C 19
Patlopalli 3
Nallagultlapalli Bajjapuram 17
Bathalavarapalli 16
Beerangavanlapalli 18
Gundlapalli 12
Iddilavaripalli 16
Pasupalavarapalli 6
Pedduru 10
Venkatapuram 21
Naremaddepalli Besthalapalli 12
Gadivanlapalli 12
Jangalapalli 12
Kurubarapalli 18
Naremaddepalli MV 23
Palyakere Banalapalli 15
Gollapalli 17
Gownavaripalli 18
Masanapalli 46
Palyakere MV 48
Peddarajapalli 17
Paragodu Devareddipalli 4
Endrakayalapalli 10
Sakulavarapalli 9
Puligal Mekalapalli 15
Nallasanampalli 11
Rascheruvu Kondoripalli 7
Ramasamipalli 7
Rascheruvu HC 6
Rascheruvu MV 17
Somakapalli 7
Somnathpura Boodalapalli 18
Digava Netkuntlapalli 13
Somnathpura 37
Thimmampalli Bommaiagaripalli 16
Chencharayanapalli MV 6
Egava Maddalakhane 9
G. Maddepalli HC 16
Gundlapalli 17
Yellampalli Lagumaddepalli 8
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Shankavarampalli 9
Chickballapur Ajjavara Dodda Kirugambi 10
Mannarpura 5
Angarekanahalli Angarekanahalli 9
Avulahalli 13
Pathuru 5
Seemanahalli 8
Avulagurki Susaipalya 17
Dodda Peyalagurki Byreganahalli 5
Gowdanahalli 8
Kamatanahalli 5
Maraganahalli 12
Ramaganaparthy 9
Reddigollarahalli 40
Gollahalli Beeraganahalli 6
Kariganapalya 22
Kammaguttahalli Renumakalahalli 10
Uppuguttahalli 12
Kondenahalli Kadiseeganahalli 9
Kondenahalli 22
Thimmanahalli 18
Kuppahalli Angatta 10
Kuduvathi 14
Thirnahalli 7
Manchinabale Gundlugurki A 23
Muddenahalli Bandahalli 17
Gantiganahalli 3
Gowchenahalli 19
Kanganahalli 18
Suddahalli 9
Peresandra Boyanahalli 11
Dommarigudisalu 12
Haleperesandra 21
Kadiridevarapalli 2
Korenahalli 11
Poolavaripalli 36
Shettivarahalli 30
Tumakunta 15
Yelagalahalli 10
Thippenahalli Ankanagondhi 14
Badaganahalli 19
Hanumanthapura 16
Chintamani Batlahalli Bodampalli 12
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Talarolapalli 9
Bhoomishettihalli Gudisalapalli 11
Burudugunta Basavapura 16
Burudagunte HC 14
Egavakota Hosahudya 16
Kondavenakapalli 21
Enegadalie C. Gundlapalli 22
Vangamala 14
Kadadalamari Hanumaiagaripalli 14
Soonappagutta 17
Soonappagutta HC 15
Katriguppa Batharahalli 14
Kencharlahalli Shettinayakanahalli HC 6
Shettinayakanahalli MV 16
Korlaparthi Gajalavaripalli 17
Kadirepalli Cross 8
Korlaparthi HC 51
Papathimanahalli MV 13
Papathimmanahalli HC 8
Yerramareddipalli 20
Kotagal Gopalapura 4
Kotagal B 18
Raguttahalli 5
Thippanahalli 11
Veerapalli 20
M. Gollahalli Chowdareddipalya 11
Digava Devappalli 8
Guttapalya 15
Kondliganahalli HC 15
Lakkepalli 17
Munaganapalli MV 24
Munganapalli HC 21
Palligadda 8
Seethahalli 3
Y. Kapalli 6
Masthenahalli Dodda Gutlahalli 11
Mittehalli Appasanahalli 21
Chikka Kattigenahalli 5
Dodda Katigenahalli HC 1
Dodda Katigenahalli MV 8
Kommepalli 8
Nandanahosahalli 29
Murugamala Gudarlahalli HC 26
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Gudarlahalli MV 11
Yerrakota 24
Nandiganahalli Muddalahalli 74
Nimakailapalli 33
Peddur Digavakota 6
Digavapalli 14
Kothapalli 21
Vempalli 20
Peramachanahalli Kendenahalli MV 19
Mailapura HC 17
Mailapura MV 13
Nagdepalli HC 12
Raguttahalli Brahmanahalli 2
Kariyapalli 8
Madamangala 18
S. Raguttapalli 36
Yasagalahalli 27
Santhekalahalli Beerajenahalli 21
Vyjakooru 12
Shettihalli Chowdadepalli 2
Talagavara Mallikapura 20
Upparapeta Bommaikal HC 11
Bommaikal MV 28
Burugamakalapalli 8
Dodda Kondarahalli 13
Gajjiganahalli 14
Gudibanda Beechaganahalli Balepalli 14
Chikka Kurubarahalli 17
Chikka Thamenahalli 9
Eereddipalli 11
Koppukatenahalli 6
Ramaganahalli 16
Hampasandra Lakkepalli 32
Pulasanavoddu 12
Somenahalli Eeravathanahalli 15
Gaggilaralahalli 23
Ganganapalli 20
Jambigemaradahalli 20
Mallenahalli 20
Thirumani Singanapalli 10
Thirumani 47
Thirumani B 37
Ullodu Chowtathimannahalli 13
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Karaganathamanahalli 23
Kondavulapalli 16
Poovalamakalapalli 9
Ullodu 11
Yellodu Ambapura 10
Cholashettihalli 7
Gundlahalli 21
Kambalapalli 15
Nilugumba 32
Yellodu 30
Yerrapalli 9
Siddalaghatta Abludu Devappanagudi 6
Kotahalli 5
Sadahalli 7
Bashettihalli Ammorathimmanahalli 12
Kambalahalli 8
Valasahalli 18
Devaramallur Devaramallur 23
Sonnenahalli 18
Dibburahalli Bayapanahalli 27
Nallacheruvapalli 8
Rappamalahalli 14
Venkatapura 15
Dodda Thekahalli Chowdireddihalli 11
Marihalli 33
E. Thimmasandra Byraganahalli 17
Karipalli A 18
Karipalli B 14
Kommasandra 9
Kondarasanahalli 15
Shettikere A 16
Thimmasandra A 23
Turukeshanahalli 16
Ganjikunte Chinna Bandaragatta 5
Chokkanahalli 33
Digava Ganjigunta 8
Egava Ganjigunta 13
Hale Ganjigunta 13
Lakkepalli 6
Pedda Bandaragatta 6
Vemagal 14
Kothnur Kadirinayakanahalli 14
Pallicherla Byreganahalli 13
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Mummenahalli 31
Pallicherla MV 20
Saddahalli 13
Somanahalli 18
S. Devaganahalli Gadiminchenahalli 18
Iragappanapalli 10
S. Kurubarahalli 9
Sadali Gundlapalli 18
Kamannahalli 20
Kotagal 29
Sonaganahalli 56
Thimmanayakanahalli Alagurki 15
Kudupukunte 2
Nakkalahalli 12
Y. Hunsenahalli Basanparthy 16
Chennahalli 10
Chikka Dasenahalli 27
Marappanahalli 12
Varahunsenahalli A 26
Varahunsenahalli B 25
Grand Total 4484
9. Data
9.1. Field measurements
The main variable that is determined from the survey is the annual consumption of woody biomass per
household (Bold). According to the methodology this can be determined from historical data or a survey of
local usage. For determination of Bold, the per capita woody biomass is determined and multiplied by the
average number of adult equivalent of a family. The field measurement was done during summer and is
being scaled for the entire year. The survey was conducted to understand the fuelwood collection and the
usage of fuelwood. This was compared to historical data for the region, if any.
9.2. Quality Assurance/Quality Control
The survey for baseline information of thermal energy for cooking and heating water was conducted by the
Bagepalli Coolie Sangha field workers who are from the local community along with the local NGO
ADATS field staff. FCN Technical team provided training to conduct the survey. The data was entered by
the field staff, which was checked and verified by ADATS data entry staff. The analysis of data was done
by FCN Technical Team. The demographic data of Coolie Sangha family members exists in the database
of Bagepalli Coolie Sangha at their office. This data was extracted for further analysis of family size and
determination of adult equivalent.
10. Analysis
10.1. Demographic details of the project area
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The predominant occupation is daily labour constituting 62% and marginal farmers constituting 25% of the
sampled households. Other occupations include domestic work, masonry, tailoring, petty businesses, sheep
rearing, petty government worker, etc.
The baseline survey of 4484 households show that about 99.55% of households are using traditional cook
stove built of mud/brick/cement/stone thus depending on fuel wood or woody biomass for cooking. Of
them, 15% use kerosene stoves too to prepare quick coffee/tea occasionally. Only 0.45% households use
only kerosene stoves for cooking. No household reported using dung cakes or coal as a source of fuel.
About 67.5% of households use one and 32.1% households use two traditional stoves for cooking and
water heating. They cook on both the pots or use one for heating water. Reasons preventing use of
LPG/kerosene are high costs of fuel, unavailability of sufficient kerosene through Public Distribution
System, logistical problems associated with refilling empty gas bottles in rural areas and long wait for refill
of gas cylinders. All households reported to using kerosene to kindle the fire. Kerosene is supplied through
the public distribution system and is restricted to just 3 litres per family. It is seen that though kerosene is
available to everyone most used the fuel for lighting purposes. Thus, only 0.45% households use kerosene
primarily for cooking in the project area. The project will be implemented only for households using
traditional cook stove and not any other fuels. According to a National Survey conducted by National
Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), 77.6% of rural household use fuel wood for household energy need
at national level, 85.7% at the state level of Karnataka (NSSO, 2010)23
and 77.67% of the rural population
in Kolar District (Chickballapur is formed newly and statistics is compiled for Kolar district) use fuel wood
for cooking (Directorate of Economics and Statistics, 2011)24
. As can be seen from the survey, almost all
the Sangha family members rely heavily on woody biomass to meet their thermal energy requirements. The
region is scarce of biomass and non-renewable biomass is part of the biomass used for cooking and heating
water. In 4,500 households in which the project will be implemented, fuel wood use will be reduced to
twigs and branches. Thus, the baseline scenario is in line with the study conducted by NSSO, wherein
majority cook on traditional cook stove.
10.2. Family size and adult equivalent
The gender and age of all the existing family members were surveyed to convert to standard adult
equivalent. The standard adult equivalent factors as given by PCIA25
defined in terms of sex and age from
the guidelines for wood fuel survey by FAO was followed to convert to adult equivalent. The conversion
factor is as follows:
Gender and Age Fraction of standard adult
Child: 0-14 years 0.5
Female: over 14 years 0.8
Male:15-59 years 1.0
Male: Over 59 years 0.8
The conversions were used to determine mean standard adult equivalent per household. The baseline survey
of 4,484 families has a total population of 23451 indicating an average family size of 5.23. The male to
female ratio is 1:1.02. Children less than 18 years are 27.28 percent. The average adult equivalent per
household is 4.32±0.04 at 90/10 confidence/precision level. This is in conjunction with a study done by
23
NSSO 2010. National Sample Survey Organization, Household Consumer Expenditure in India, Ministry of
Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India. 24 Karnataka at a glance, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Karnataka, 2011 25 http://www.pciaonline.org/files/KPT_Version_3.0_0.pdf
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CDM – Executive Board Page 53
NCAER26
, wherein the average household adult male number is 1.89; adult female is 1.78; Children is
2.82; and thus the adult equivalent is 4.72, calculated based on adult equivalent conversion by PCIA
guidelines.
10.3. Per capita woody biomass use
The per capita fuel wood use in the project area was determined through a sample survey. Based on the
number of head loads used per month, the total fuel wood use for a month was determined. The fuel wood
use was divided by the adult equivalent of the household to arrive at per capita woody biomass per day.
The per capita fuel wood use per day per capita is 2.58 kgs. A study conducted by Ramachandra, 200727
for the region shows that the daily wood consumption for cooking and water heating is 2.87 kg/capita/day
(1.02 and 1.85 kg/capita/day for cooking and water heating respectively). This takes into account the
variation in consumption due to seasonal consumption. As the results of baseline survey is conservative
compared to the third party study, 2.58 kgs/capita/day was considered for emission reduction calculations
for the project activity.
10.4. Annual consumption of woody biomass per household (Bold)
A woody biomass consumption of 2.58 kgs/capita/day is considered for emission reduction calculations for
the project area. The adult equivalent per family in the project area is 4.32. Thus, the annual consumption
of biomass per family was calculated as follows:
Fuel wood use (t) /family (Bold) =1000
days 365family x per equivalentadult x capitaper use Fuelwood
Accordingly,
Fuel wood use (t) /family (Bold) = 1000
days 365 x 4.35 x kgs 2.56 = 4.06 t/family/yr.
Based on investigation of biomass availability and demand by Ramachandra in the region28
, the region is
categorized as a bio-resource deficit district. Biomass energy constitutes 84% and is met by sources like
firewood, agricultural residues and cow dung. The plantation and forest area are very less in the district,
which cause scarcity of bio-resource, specially fuelwood and imbalance of environment. Thus, this project
activity will attenuate fuel wood scarcity to a large extent.
Appendix 5: Further background information on monitoring plan
The monitoring details are described in the monitoring section.
Appendix 6: Summary of post registration changes
26 NCAER, 2002, Evaluation survey of the National programme on Improved Chulha, National Council of Applied
Economic Research, Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Government of India. 27 Ramachandra, T.V., 2007. Geospatial Mapping of Bioenergy Potential in Karnataka, India. Journal of Energy &
Environment, Vol 6, May 2007 28 Ramachandra, 2007. C omparative assessment of technique for bioresource monitoring using GIS and remote
sensing. The ICFAI Journal of Environmental Sciences, Vol 1, No. 2. The ICFAI University Press.
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- - - - -
History of the document
Version Date Nature of revision
04.1 11 April 2012 Editorial revision to change history box by adding EB meeting and annex numbers in the Date column.
04.0 EB 66 13 March 2012
Revision required to ensure consistency with the “Guidelines for completing the project design document form for small-scale CDM project activities” (EB 66, Annex 9).
03 EB 28, Annex 34 15 December 2006
The Board agreed to revise the CDM project design document for small-scale activities (CDM-SSC-PDD), taking into account CDM-PDD and CDM-NM.
02 EB 20, Annex 14 08 July 2005
The Board agreed to revise the CDM SSC PDD to reflect guidance and clarifications provided by the Board since version 01 of this document.
As a consequence, the guidelines for completing CDM SSC PDD have been revised accordingly to version 2. The latest version can be found at <http://cdm.unfccc.int/Reference/Documents>.
01 EB 07, Annex 05 21 January 2003
Initial adoption.
Decision Class: Regulatory
Document Type: Form
Business Function: Registration
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