problem based learning classroom vs. online deniece o’leary, mspa-c assistant professor pa program...
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Problem Based Learning Classroom vs. Online
Deniece O’Leary, MSPA-CAssistant Professor
PA Program –McMaster UniversityFacilitator- University of Toronto / Consortium
olearyd@mcmaster.ca
Learning Objectives
1. Discuss a quick approach to problem based learning in both settings
2. Understanding the benefits and challenges of PBL in class and online
3. Strategies to add problem based learning into your medical education
Origins of PBL into Medical School
1969 - Problem Based Learning introduced to the curriculum at McMaster Medical School
Why use PBL?• Early exposure to clinical settings and patients• Motivation to learn is self-imposed• Use practical knowledge immediately• Increased chance of being lifelong learners
Approach to PBL in the Classroom
• Identify the problem while reading the case • Explore pre-existing knowledge
• Generate hypotheses and possible mechanisms
• Identify learning issues
• Self directed learning
• Re-evaluation and application of knowledge to the problem
• Assessment and reflection on learning
Mon
Mon
Mon
Mon M - Th
Thurs
Thurs
Benefits to Classroom Learning
• Dynamic energetic environment• Students question each other and
discuss challenging concepts• Every student researches and learns
all learning objectives• Students use previous experience and
knowledge to build on• Ability to assess professional behavior• Many cases focus on a specific
diagnoses
Challenges to Classroom Learning
• Many students must relocate or commute• Dynamics of a groups with different personalities• Short time frame to do research• Tutor greatly affects the outcome of the experience and
learning• Increase cost of faculty and facility
Approach to PBL Online
Step 1&2: Identify the Learning Issues week 1 Mon
Step 3: Asynchronous Hypotheses Generation week 1 Tue/Wed
Step 4: Synchronous Meeting 1 week 1 Thu
Step 5&6: Critical Thinking week 1-2 Thu-Mon
Step 7: Exploration of Learning Objectives week 2 Mon-Thurs
Step 8: Synchronous Meeting 2 week 2 Thurs
Step 9&10: Final Assignment week 2 Wed-Fri
Benefits of PBL Online
• No relocation needed for students or faculty
• Flexible time to do self directed work• More time to work on each problem• Cheaper due to less faculty, support
staff , and less facility cost
Challenges with PBL Online
• Lack of community and support due to location• Students split up learning objectives• Non-verbal communication missing• Difficult for the natural flow of conversation• Technology problems• Pre-set modules, many answers to student questions
are vague • Numerous online posts by students to read
The Foundation for Medical Practice Education
• Program started at Mc Master in 1992
• Goal to increase knowledge and competency o Practice and evidence based knowledge to integrate into your practice
• 14 educational modules per year
• Currently 70 topics in English and French
• Developed by doctors and reviewed by specialists in the field
• 8,000 members nationally and internationally
Practice Based Small Group
• Join a group or start a new group
• Meet 90 minutes once or twice a month
• Group 5-9 members (7 ideal)
• Benefits for group members1. Share ideas and practice methods
2. Share experiences with colleagues
3. Peer support
4. Integrate new ideas into current practice
5. Patient handouts and provider handouts
Continuing Professional Development Using PBL• Practice Based Small Group
(1 credit per hour)• Practice Based Individual
Learning (2 credits per module)
Study Credits (Pre-Accredited Learning Activities)• MAINPRO-C from the College of Family Physicians of
Canada• Category 1 from the American Medical Association
Why use PBL?
• High level satisfaction faculty
and students
• Better working environment
• Teaches self-directed learning
which is valuable in practice
• Development of interpersonal
skills, group skills, and communication
Additional Resources
PBL
http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/mdprog/pbl_whatis.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10566102
http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/mdprog/documents/PBL_Outcome_Study.pdf
CPD
http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/facdev/pbsg-ed.html McMaster PBSG-Education
http://fmpe.org/en/programs/pbsg.html McMaster PBSG
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